[Arterial pressure, physical activity and physical work capacity]. / Arterial'noe davlenie, fizicheskaia aktivnost' i fizicheskaia rabotosposobnost'.

A representative population sample was studied to elucidate relationships of arterial pressure (AR) with muscular performance (MP) and arterial hypertension risk factors. Power working capacity (PWCx) was measured by means of exercise tolerance test at rest, under physical loading and after the exercise. The findings were processed using a multivariate step-by-step regression analysis which established independent relations between exercise and postexercise MP and arterial hypertension. In normal and hypertensive males a rise in systolic pressure (SP) after the initial exercise (load 1) was dependent on PWC1 after more intensive exercise (load 2) on relations of MP with heart rate, SP and diastolic pressure (DP). In hypertensive males the SP elevation depended also on the age, B. W. index and heart rate. In normal AP males a DP rise depended on PWC2 and MP, the increment being limited by relationships between MP, DP, heart rate and SP. In hypertensive males the influence of PWC1 is defined through a SP rise after load 1. In normal AP and hypertensive females PWC1 is decisive for a SP rise. In normal AP females growth of DP after load 2 was dependent on PWC2 in relation to heart rate growth after load 2, while in hypertensive females PWC1 resulted in DP elevation after load 1. On comparison of the groups with normal and high AP the degree of AP increment under exercise depended on the relations of MP with heart rate, SP and DP.

[The results of conducting a program for the supplementary education of medical workers in the problems of preventing and treating arterial hypertension (a population study)]. / Rezul'taty provedeniia programmy dopolnitel'nogo obrazovaniia meditsinskikh rabotnikov po voprosam profilaktiki i lecheniia arterial'noi gipertonii (populiatsionnoe issledovanie).

A programme on supplementary health education of medical staff from city polyclinics in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension was launched in one of the Moscow districts for 3 years. Another district was used as a comparison subject. Representative samples of residents aged 35-64 years from the two districts were screened before and after implementation of the programme. The WHO International MONICA programme was used to evaluate the efficiency of the programme proposed by the authors. The intervention district showed an improvement of hypertensives' awareness of the disease and a double increase in the number of patients with a high compliance. In the comparison district, these parameters remained unchanged. According to the criteria developed in the MONICA programme, there was a downward tendency in the incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke and these diseases-related deaths in the intervention district, whereas this was not observed in the district under comparison.

[Testing of arterial hypertension with physical exercise PWCx ]. / Proba s fizicheskoi nagruzkoi PWCx pri arterialnoi gipertonii.

The relation of physical fitness (PF) to blood pressure (BP) and arterial hypertension risk factors was studied in a representative sample by PWCX exercise testing. The relations were studied at the initial stage, during exercise and recovery by using the multivariance stepwise regression analysis. This complex approach allowed the independent relation of PF to BP to be found. In normotensive males, systolic BP determined 4% PF variability after the first exercise, while in hypertensive males, the second exercise heart rate and age determined 27 and 9% PF variability, respectively. In normotensive females, the first exercise heart rate determined 62% PF variability, in hypertensive females, the second exercise systolic BP and age determined 4 and 2% PF variability, respectively. The value x shows the relation of PF to heart rate and BP in the restorative period and is an additional significant parameter of PF and the functional status of the cardiovascular system.

[Physical activity and physical work capacity of patients with initial manifestations of cerebrovascular disorders in arterial hypertension]. / Fizicheskaia aktivnost' i fizicheskaia rabotosposobnost' bol'nykh s nachal'nymi proiavleniiami nedostatochnosti krovoobrashheniia mozga pri arterial'noi gipertonii.

The routine protocol of general and neurological examinations and some special questionnaires were used to examine physical activity (FA) and physical working capacity (FWC) in a random population from one of the Moscow districts which included 1200 persons (males and females aged 30-64 years). The majority of the examinees were those who had slight and moderate exercises, mainly sitting work, did few or no physical exercises. The proportion of persons with low physical activity increased with age both among males and females. The ratios generally remained despite the presence of early signs of abnormal blood supply. Bicycle ergometer testings showed a significant reduction in the physical working capacity of the patients with abnormal brain blood supply, in a greater extent, in arterial hypertension. Decreased functional activity and functional working capacity may regarded as one of the risk factors for cerebrovascular disorders, in arterial hypertension in particular, and should be borne in mind in implementing preventive measures.

[Value of myocardial scintigraphy using T1-201 in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease]. / Znachenie stsintigrafii miokarda s 201Tl v diagnostike ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The results of ECG, bicycle ergometry (BEM) and myocardial 201Tl scintigraphy at rest and during BEM exercise were evaluated in 78 male and 24 female coronary patients as well as 18 normal controls. Scintigraphy during the BEM test is shown to be capable of detecting areas of transient myocardial ischemia. The sensitivity of the BEM test and myocardial scintigraphy was 83 and 91%, respectively, in detecting transient myocardial ischemia. Myocardial 201T1 scintigraphy should be conducted where other investigations, used for the diagnosis of coronary disease, yield little information: in patients with angiographically-intact coronary arteries and in cases of atypical clinical appearance of coronary heart disease.

[Effectiveness of obsidan in patients with ischemic heart disease and its effect on myocardial perfusion]. / Effektivnost' obzidana u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa, ego vliianie na perfuziiu miokarda.

Obsidan effectiveness was examined in 42 coronary patients. Good clinical effect was achieved in 81% of patients with angina of effort and 64% of patients with angina of effort and angina at rest. Exercise tolerance increased in half of the patients. Radionuclide scintigraphy with 201Tl showed a reduction of exercise-induced transitory myocardial ischemia zones, a finding indicative of obsidan favourable effect on coronary microcirculation reserve.

[Use of myocardial scintigraphy with 201Tl for differential diagnosis of ischemic heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in women]. / Primenenie stsintigrafii miokarda s 201Tl dlia differentsial'noi diagnostiki ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa i gipertroficheskikh kardiomiopatii u zhenshchin.

Myocardial scintigraphy with 201Tl at rest and under submaximum or threshold stress achieved through bicycle ergometric exercise was used to investigate 31 female patients (14 with coronary disease, 10 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and 7 with cardialgias of varying origins and angiographically unchanged coronary arteries taken as controls). Resting and ergometric-test scintigrams of the controls showed no areas of disordered myocardial perfusion. Thallium distribution in the myocardium was even. All coronary patients showed areas of transitory myocardial ischemia in response to exercise. In all patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the scintigrams revealed a diminished and hardly visible left-ventricular cavity. Also, their resting scintigrams showed areas of decreased myocardial perfusion, similar to those noted in coronary patients. However, the exercise scintigrams never showed any extension or reduction of thallium uptake defects in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Perfusion myocardial scintigraphy with 201Tl can be recommended as an additional method of differential diagnosis between coronary disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in female patients.