RESUMO
The rapid detection and species-level differentiation of bacterial pathogens facilitates antibiotic stewardship and improves disease management. Here, we develop a rapid bacteriophage-based diagnostic assay to detect the most prevalent pathogens causing urinary tract infections: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. For each uropathogen, two virulent phages were genetically engineered to express a nanoluciferase reporter gene upon host infection. Using 206 patient urine samples, reporter phage-induced bioluminescence was quantified to identify bacteriuria and the assay was benchmarked against conventional urinalysis. Overall, E. coli, Enterococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. were each detected with high sensitivity (68%, 78%, 87%), specificity (99%, 99%, 99%), and accuracy (90%, 94%, 98%) at a resolution of ≥103 CFU/ml within 5 h. We further demonstrate how bioluminescence in urine can be used to predict phage antibacterial activity, demonstrating the future potential of reporter phages as companion diagnostics that guide patient-phage matching prior to therapeutic phage application.
Assuntos
Bacteriófagos , Infecções Urinárias , Humanos , Escherichia coli/genética , Bacteriófagos/genética , Klebsiella/genética , Enterococcus/genética , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents an important public health problem. The early detection and treatment as well as follow-up of an AAA are important to reduce the high mortality rate associated with its rupture. Despite the decline of the prevalence of AAA in the last decades, the latest international recommendations have reaffirmed that screening in men remains cost-effective. In contrast, the data and recommendations for women are unclear. The best method for AAA screening is abdominal ultrasound. The aim of this paper is to present an up-to-date review of the indications for AAA screening based on the latest recommendations.
L'anévrisme de l'aorte abdominale (AAA) reste toujours un problème de santé publique malgré les progrès technologiques réalisés dans sa prise en charge. Le diagnostic précoce et le traitement ainsi que le suivi d'un AAA sont importants pour prévenir le taux de mortalité très élevé associé à sa rupture. Bien que la prévalence de l'AAA ait diminué ces dernières décennies, les dernières recommandations internationales ont réaffirmé qu'un dépistage chez les hommes reste rentable. En revanche, les données et les recommandations concernant la femme ne sont pas claires. L'examen de choix pour le dépistage des AAA est l'échographie abdominale. Cet article vise à mettre à jour les indications de dépistage de l'AAA en fonction des dernières recommandations.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Ruptura Aórtica , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/epidemiologia , Ruptura Aórtica/diagnóstico , Ruptura Aórtica/epidemiologia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Venous thromboembolism is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality with an overall incidence of 1-2 cases per 1000 pregnancies. The purpose of this article is to summarize more recent recommendations for the management of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and post-partum period.
La maladie thromboembolique veineuse est l'une des principales causes de morbidité et mortalité maternelles avec une incidence globale de 1 à 2 cas pour 1000 grossesses. Le but de cet article est de résumer les recommandations les plus récentes concernant la prise en charge de la maladie thromboembolique veineuse pendant la grossesse et dans le post-partum.
Assuntos
Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez , Tromboembolia Venosa , Trombose Venosa , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Gravidez , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Tromboembolia Venosa/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia Venosa/epidemiologia , Tromboembolia Venosa/terapiaRESUMO
Despite its crucial role, the placenta is the least understood human organ. Recent clinical studies indicate a direct association between placental calcification and maternal and offspring health. This study reveals distinct characteristics of minerals formed during gestational ageing using cutting-edge nano-analytical characterization and paves the way for investigations focused on the identification of potential markers for disease risks in a clinical setting based on atypical placental mineral fingerprints.