RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Edema formation, inflammation, and ileus in the intestine are commonly seen in conditions like gastroschisis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cirrhosis. We hypothesized that early enteral feeding would improve intestinal transit. We also wanted to study the impact of early enteral feeding on global gene expression in the intestine. DESIGN: Rats were divided into Sham or Edema +/- immediate enteral nutrition (IEN). At 12 h, small intestinal transit via FITC-Dextran and tissue water were measured. Ileum was harvested for total RNA to analyze gene expression using cDNA microarray with validation using real-time PCR. Data are expressed as mean +/- SEM, n = 4-6 and (*), (**) = P < 0.05 versus all groups using ANOVA. RESULTS: IEN markedly improved intestinal transit with minimal genetic alterations in Edema animals. Major alterations in gene expression were detected in primary, cellular and macromolecular metabolic activities. Edema also altered more genes involved with the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal edema results in impaired small intestinal transit and globally increased gene expression. Early enteral nutrition improves edema-induced impaired transit and minimizes gene transcriptional activity.
Assuntos
Edema/fisiopatologia , Edema/terapia , Nutrição Enteral , Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Enteropatias/fisiopatologia , Enteropatias/terapia , Actinas/metabolismo , Animais , Apoptose/fisiologia , Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Dextranos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/genética , Fluoresceína-5-Isotiocianato/análogos & derivados , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Enteropatias/genética , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Intestinos/patologia , Masculino , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologiaRESUMO
In May 2005, an international, interdisciplinary group of researchers gathered in Bethesda, MD, USA, for a workshop to discuss the development of treatments for patients with nonepileptic seizures (NES). Specific subgroup topics that were covered included: pediatric NES; presenting the diagnosis of NES, outcome measures for NES trials; classification of NES subtypes; and pharmacological treatment approaches and psychotherapies. The intent was to develop specific research strategies that can be expanded to involve a large segment of the epilepsy and psychiatric treatment communities. Various projects have resulted from the workshop, including the initial development of a prospective randomized clinical trial for NES.