RESUMO
Electrical membrane potentials, oscillations, and action potentials are observed in proteinoid microspheres impaled with (3 M KC1) microelectrodes. Although effects are of greater magnitude when the vesicles contain glycerol and natural or synthetic lecithin, the results in the purely synthetic thermal protein structures are substantial, attaining 20 mV amplitude in some cases. The results add the property of electrical potential to the other known properties of proteinoid microspheres, in their role as models for protocells.
Assuntos
Potenciais de Ação , Potenciais da Membrana , Membranas/fisiologia , Membranas Artificiais , Microeletrodos , Microesferas , Modelos Biológicos , Oscilometria , PeptídeosRESUMO
Interesting analgesic activity approaching that of meperidine and codeine was observed in standard animal models for 8-chloro-3,4-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-pyrrolidinomethylnaphthalene (compound 7). This compound was orally effective and its analgesic activity was not reversed by the opiate antagonist, naloxone. A limited number of other 2-aminomethyl analogues displayed activity in neuroleptic screens.
Assuntos
Analgésicos , Naftalenos/farmacologia , Analgésicos/síntese química , Animais , Cães , Masculino , Camundongos , Naftalenos/síntese química , Pirrolidinas/síntese química , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Ratos , TranquilizantesRESUMO
5,8-Disubstituted 1-tetralone Mannich bases represent semirigid variants of classical (i.e., chlorpromazine) neuroleptic agents. 8-Chloro-5-methoxy-2-morpholinomethyl-1-tetralone exhibits neuroleptic potency in the thiothixene range in animal models. Of greater potential interest, however, is the analgesic potency of the 8-chloro-5-methoxy-2-pyrrolidinomethyl analogue which was in the morphine range. This compound did not induce tolerance nor was its activity reversed by naloxone. Structure-activity relationships of the series are discussed.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/síntese química , Naftalenos/síntese química , Tranquilizantes/síntese química , Anfetamina/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Cães , Temperatura Alta , Bases de Mannich/síntese química , Bases de Mannich/farmacologia , Camundongos , Naftalenos/farmacologia , Ratos , Tempo de Reação/efeitos dos fármacos , Reflexo de Sobressalto/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeAssuntos
Anfetamina/farmacologia , Apomorfina/farmacologia , Comportamento/efeitos dos fármacos , Metadona/farmacologia , Comportamento Estereotipado/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Corpo Estriado/fisiologia , Interações Medicamentosas , Humanos , Masculino , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , RatosAssuntos
Diazepam/farmacologia , Medula Espinal/fisiologia , Transmissão Sináptica/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Gatos , Temperatura Baixa , Plexo Lombossacral/fisiologia , Microeletrodos , Inibição Neural/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios Aferentes/fisiologia , Picrotoxina/farmacologia , Reflexo Monosináptico , Medula Espinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Nervos Espinhais/fisiologiaRESUMO
The extracellular ocellar potential was used to evaluate the spectral sensitivity of the ocellus of the barnacle, Balanus amphitrite. Maximum relative sensitivity was at 530-540 nm. Studies with chromatic adapting lights suggest that the receptors contain a single photopigment. The spectra were relatively broader in the dark as compared to the light-adapted state. This effect was shown to be due to an increase in the slope of the amplitude-intensity function, caused by light adaptation. Studies of tapetal fluorescence and corneal transmission indicate little effect of the ocellar media on the determination of sensitivity.