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1.
Fungal Biol ; 125(2): 78-88, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33518208

RESUMO

The actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. AV05 appears to be a potential biocontrol agent (BCA) against mycotoxigenic fungi. It was found to significantly inhibit F. verticillioides growth and mycotoxin production during their co-cultivation. F. verticillioides growth was durably affected while the decrease of the toxin production levels was reversible, suggesting different BCA actions. The study of both transcriptomes brought useful information on the microbial interaction. RNA-seq data indicated that the dual interaction modified genetic expression of both microorganisms as 18.5 % of the genes were differentially expressed for the fungus against 3.8 % for the actinobacteria. Fungal differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were equally up and down regulated while bacterial ones were mainly upregulated. We especially focused the analysis of DEGs on fungal defense reaction to bacterial attack. For example, if this potential BCA implements a strategy of antibiosis with the over expression of 'siderophore-interacting protein' linked to the production of bacteriocins, the fungus in a state of stress is able to adapt its metabolism by up-regulation of amidase. It could correspond to the induction of resistance gene clusters and suggest a detoxification process. Moreover fumonisins-related pathway appears underexpressed in the presence of Streptomyces that explain the reduction of fumonisin accumulation observed.


Assuntos
Agentes de Controle Biológico , Fusarium , Interações Microbianas , Streptomyces , Transcriptoma , Fumonisinas/análise , Fusarium/genética , Streptomyces/fisiologia , Zea mays/microbiologia
2.
Arch Pediatr ; 24(2): 160-168, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28007511

RESUMO

The "patients' rights and end-of-life care" act, known as the Leonetti law, has allowed implementation of palliative care in neonatology as an alternative to unreasonable therapeutic interventions. A palliative care project can be offered to newborns suffering from intractable diseases. It must be focused on the newborn's quality of life and comfort and on family support. Palliative care for newborns can be provided in the delivery room, in the neonatal unit, and also at home. Going home is possible but requires medical support. Here we describe the potential benefits of the intervention of a regional team of pediatric palliative care for newborns, both in the hospital and at home. Two clinical situations of palliative care at home started in the neonatal period and the neonatal unit are presented. They are completed by a retrospective national survey focusing on the type of support to newborns in palliative care in 2014, which was conducted in 22 French regional pediatric palliative care teams. It shows that 26 newborns benefited from this support at home in 2014. Sixteen infants were born after a pregnancy with a palliative care birth plan and ten entered palliative care after a decision to limit life-sustaining treatments. Twelve of them returned home before the 20th day of life. Sixteen infants died, six of them at home. The regional pediatric palliative care team first receives in-hospital interventions: providing support for ethical reflection in the development of the infant's life project, meeting with the child and its family, helping organize the care pathway to return home. When the child is at home, the regional pediatric palliative care team can support the caregiver involved, provide home visits to continue the clinical monitoring of the infant, and accompany the family. The follow-up of the bereavement and the analysis of the practices with caregivers are also part of its tasks.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/terapia , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/organização & administração , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/organização & administração , Terapia Intensiva Neonatal/organização & administração , Cuidados Paliativos/organização & administração , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/ética , Comissão de Ética/ética , Seguimentos , França , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/ética , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Terapia Intensiva Neonatal/ética , Masculino , Cuidados Paliativos/ética , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/ética
3.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci ; 942-943: 98-106, 2013 Dec 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24239934

RESUMO

A method was developed to analyze neutral lipids through the use of three triglycerides, four free fatty acids, six di- and four mono-glycerides standards by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) normal phase coupled with either with evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) or with mass spectrometry (MS) operating in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mode. The method was applied to the determination of the neutral lipid fraction from a Botryococcus braunii race A (B. braunii) culture. This method led us to identify neutral lipids synthesized by B. braunii in a single analysis within 45min through HPLC-APCI-MS/MS technique.


Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Lipídeos/análise , Lipídeos/química , Microalgas/química , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Extração em Fase Sólida
4.
Arch Pediatr ; 17 Suppl 3: S59-66, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20728811

RESUMO

Several pain scales are available for newborns, but the assessment of pain in these preverbal beings, who are in continuing neurological development, remains challenging for healthcare teams. Although neonates at the end of life are particularly vulnerable to pain and discomfort, no assessment tool has been validated in this specific population. The difficulties for assessing pain in this context are copies of those potentially encountered in other situations. Questions arise about the limits of the available scales, about possible alterations of responses to a noxious stimulus in particular contexts (extreme immaturity, brain lesions), about possibly painful situations in palliative care, about the nature of scales to choose. Data show a perception of pain at a cortical level by extremely immature infants and the ability for neonates with significant neurological injury to express pain behaviours. For some potentially painful situations (dyspnoea, gasps, hunger) neonatal data are virtually nonexistent. Fundamental scientific data and clinical data from adults and children can give some answers. One will choose scales for which the staff is trained, easily usable (preference for behavioural scales), validated for all gestational ages, reliable in the event of neurological impairment or sedation. An assessment of prolonged pain (EDIN scale or COMFORT Behaviour scale) combined with measures of acute pain (DAN or NFCS scales) is recommended. These scales should be better validated for populations of newborns and situations that are specific to palliative care. A better assessment of the parental perception and of their distress about the discomfort or pain of their child is warranted.


Assuntos
Medição da Dor/métodos , Dor/diagnóstico , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Adulto , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Criança , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Comportamento do Lactente/fisiologia , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/fisiologia
5.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20597020

RESUMO

The fungus Fusarium langsethiae, exclusively described in Europe at present, seems to have taken the place of other Fusarium species in barley fields over the last 5 years. It has proved to be a highly toxic type-A trichothecene producer (T-2 and HT-2 toxins). The aim of this work was to study the ecotoxinogenesis of this fungus the better to identify and manage the health risk it may pose during the beer manufacturing process. The influence of temperature and water activity on its growth rate and production of toxins are particularly assessed from a macroscopic point of view. Different cultures were grown on sterilized rehydrated barley with a water activity between 0.630 and 0.997 and a temperature ranging from 5 to 35 degrees C. Biomass specific to F. langsethiae and T-2 and HT-2 toxins were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. It appears that the optimal temperature and water activity for F. langsethiae toxinogenesis are 28 degrees C and 0.997. This fungus was able to produce 2.22 g kg(-1) of these toxins in 16 days on barley in optimal production conditions. The malting process seems to be a critical step because, in its temperature range, specific production was six times higher than under optimal temperatures for fungus growth. In the short-term, this work will help redefine the process conditions for malting. In the medium-term, the results will contribute to the development of a molecular tool to diagnose the presence of this contaminant and the detection of the toxins in barley, from fields to the end product.


Assuntos
Fusarium/metabolismo , Hordeum/microbiologia , Toxina T-2/análogos & derivados , Toxina T-2/biossíntese , Biomassa , Cromatografia Líquida , Europa (Continente) , Espectrometria de Massas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
7.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol ; 20(1): 50-6, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17035722

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Occlusion by covering the skin with an impermeable wrap enhances skin hydration, affects drug absorption and can induce the formation of a drug reservoir within the stratum corneum. This is desired in local therapy with topical corticosteroids. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of occlusion before (experiment 1) and after (experiment 2) application on the penetration of triamcinolone acetonide (TACA) into the stratum corneum. METHODS: The experiments were conducted on the forearms of 10 healthy volunteers. In experiment 1, 100 microg/cm(2) TACA in acetone were applied on 3 sites per arm, one arm having been pre-occluded for 16 h. In experiment 2, the same dose was applied on 2 sites per arm, and one arm was occluded after application until skin sampling. Stratum corneum samples were removed by tape stripping at 0.5, 4 and 24 h (experiment 1) and 4 and 24 h (experiment 2) after application. Corneocytes and TACA were quantified by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and HPLC, respectively. The total TACA amount penetrated into the stratum corneum was evaluated by multifactor ANOVA. RESULTS: TACA penetration into the stratum corneum with and without pre-occlusion (experiment 1) showed no significant difference and decreased with time. Occlusion after application (experiment 2) produced a marked TACA accumulation within the stratum corneum, which persisted for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Pre-occlusion showed no effect on the topical bioavailability of TACA in the stratum corneum. In contrast, post-occlusion enhanced the TACA penetration by a factor of 2, favouring the development of a drug reservoir.


Assuntos
Triancinolona Acetonida/farmacocinética , Administração Tópica , Adulto , Bandagens , Disponibilidade Biológica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Absorção Cutânea
8.
Internist (Berl) ; 45(12): 1419-22, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15365639

RESUMO

African tick bite fever (ATBF) is an infectious disease commonly observed in travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. Because the presentation of the disease is often not specific, ATBF is frequently not diagnosed or confused with Mediterranean spotted fever. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman with typical history and symptoms. The diagnosis of ATBF was serologically confirmed by immunofluoroscence. ATBF is an important differential diagnosis of fever in patients returning from sub-Saharan Africa.


Assuntos
Exantema/etiologia , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/etiologia , Infecções por Rickettsia/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/diagnóstico , Viagem , África Subsaariana , Febre Botonosa/sangue , Febre Botonosa/diagnóstico , Calafrios/sangue , Calafrios/diagnóstico , Calafrios/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exantema/sangue , Feminino , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/sangue , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Rickettsia/sangue , Infecções por Rickettsia/complicações , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/sangue , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/complicações
11.
Pflege ; 10(1): 35-42, 1997 Feb.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9128626

RESUMO

The aim of this investigation was to uncover the reason of difficulties nurses have in defining the patient's problem. For this reason the diagnostic process of nurses caring for patients in pain was investigated in the field. Observations, interviews and questionnaires were analysed in a qualitative and quantitative way. The analysis of the data shows that the observed nurses didn't value the information received by using the problem solving process and didn't use it to define the nursing problem. But the results also point out that nurses have the ability to gather information in the direct contact with the patient. The question is: could there be a lack of training in cognitive processes?


Assuntos
Diagnóstico de Enfermagem , Cognição , Humanos
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