Patient Experience and Decision-Making Process for Laser Photocoagulation for Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy: A Qualitative Exploration.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to explore patients' perspectives on diagnosis and treatment options for complicated monochorionic multiple gestations, and experiences with fetoscopic laser photocoagulation. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing laser photocoagulation. Participants were interviewed during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Qualitative analysis was performed. RESULT: Twenty-seven patients who were candidates for laser photocoagulation were included. All elected to have laser photocoagulation. Patients chose surgery with goals of improving survival, decreasing the risk of preterm delivery, and improving the long-term health of their fetuses. They demonstrated accurate knowledge of the risks and benefits of treatment. Most (74%) felt that laser photocoagulation represented their only viable clinical option. Few seriously considered pregnancy termination or selective reduction (7% and 11% respectively). Postpartum, patients expressed no regrets about their decisions for surgery, but many felt unprepared for the challenges of preterm delivery. CONCLUSION: Participants weighed treatment options similarly to fetal specialists. They acknowledged but did not seriously consider treatments other than fetoscopic laser photocoagulation and were highly motivated to do whatever they could to improve outcomes for their fetuses.

Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of LifeCourse on Utilization and Patient and Caregiver Quality of Life and Experience.

Whole-person care is a new paradigm for serious illness, but few programs have been robustly studied. We sought to test the effect of LifeCourse (LC), a person-centered program for patients living with serious illness, on health-care utilization, care experience, and quality of life, employing a quasi-experimental design with a Usual Care (UC) comparison group. The study was conducted 2012 to 2017 at an upper-Midwest not-for-profit health-care system with outcomes measured every 3 months until the end of life. Enrolled patients (N = 903) were estimated to be within 3 years of end of life and diagnosed with 1+ serious illness. Exclusion criteria included hospice enrollment at time of screening or active dying. Community health workers (CHWs) delivered standardized monthly 1-hour home visits based on palliative care guidelines and motivational interviewing to promote patients' physical, psychosocial, and financial well-being. Primary outcomes included health-care utilization and patient- and caregiver-experience and quality of life. Patients were elderly (LC 74, UC 78 years) and primarily non-Hispanic, white, living at home with cardiovascular disease as the primary diagnosis (LC 69%, UC 57%). A higher proportion of LC patients completed advance directives (N = 173, 38%) than UC patients (N = 66, 15%; P < .001). LifeCourse patients who died spent more days in hospice (88 ± 191 days) compared to UC patients (44 ± 71 days; P = .018). LifeCourse patients reported greater improvements than UC in communication as part of the care experience ( P = .016). Implementation of person-centered programs delivered by CHWs is feasible; inexpensive upstream expansion of palliative care models can yield benefits for patients and caregivers. Trial Registration: Trial NCT01746446 was registered on November 27, 2012 at ClinicalTrials.gov .