Can a PERMA model-based positive psychological intervention affect the SIA and SWB of vocational college students majoring in nursing in China?

Aims: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of a PERMA model-based positive psychological intervention on vocational college students' social interaction anxiety and subjective well-being. Methods: This is an experimental study in which data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. A total of 261 students from four classes at Caofeidian College of Technology without differences in the levels of social interaction anxiety and subjective well-being were selected as the control group and intervention group randomly. Students in the control group received a traditional psychological intervention, while students in the invention group received a PERMA model-based positive psychological intervention. Thereafter, the research team collected data regarding students' social interaction anxiety and subjective well-being. Results: Based on the result obtained, the mean score for social interaction anxiety in the invention group was significantly lower than those in the control group (42.95 vs. 53.07, p < 0.001) and the mean score for subjective well-being was significantly higher than those in the control group (92.58 vs. 87.26, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A PERMA model-based positive psychological intervention can effectively relieve the social interaction anxiety of nursing students in vocational colleges, and improve their subjective well-being levels.

Study on anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing of patients with bladder cancer in their different chemotherapy stages.

Aims and objectives: This study aims to explore the changes in anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing in patients with bladder perfusion during different stages of their chemotherapy, and analyze the correlation among their anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing. Methods: A total of 174 patients with bladder cancer who received bladder perfusion chemotherapy were selected. The questionnaire survey was conducted with SAS, SDS, and GWB. The patients were surveyed and the data were analyzed. Results: The results of patients' anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing show a dynamic change trend. The change is most obvious after 1 month of chemotherapy and tends to be flat after 3 months of chemotherapy. The scores of anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing in patients with bladder perfusion at different stages are statistically significant (P < 0.05). There is a negative correlation among anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing in patients (r = -0.605, 0.601). Conclusion: Patients' emotions change obviously in the first 3 months of their chemotherapy. Clinical workers can take active intervention measures in this period, guide patients to relieve their anxiety and depression, increase their subjective wellbeing level, and improve their quality of life, which is helpful to ensure the successful completion of chemotherapy.

The Effects of Enriched Environmental Intervention on the Parturition Outcome and Filial Health of Pregnant Mice With Chronic Pain.

Chronic pain (CP) adversely impacts people's health. However, the influence of CP on pregnant women and their fetuses remains unclear. Few reasonable interventions have been offered to these women. This study aimed to examine the effects of enriched environmental intervention (EEI) on the delivery outcome and offspring health of pregnant mice with CP. Forty pregnant mice were equally and randomly divided into four groups (control, sham, CP, and CP + EEI). Monoarthritis was induced by subcutaneous injection of the complete Freund's adjuvant (100 µg/100 µl) into the left hind paw of mice on Day 0 of gestation. Sham mice received 100 µl of sterile phosphate-buffered saline subcutaneously. General health status and delivery outcomes of pregnant mice and general physical status, growth, and development of offspring were observed and compared between groups. CP mice exhibited less weight gain, higher rate of premature delivery, smaller litter size, lower live birth rate, lower filial birth weight, shorter filial tail length, and lower filial rates of achieving righting reflex and crawling compared to mice in the control/sham/CP + EEI groups. There were no significant differences between mice in the CP + EEI group and those in the control and sham groups. CP during pregnancy led to serious adverse impacts on both the mother and fetus mice in this study, and EEI was an effective treatment for these effects.

Constitutive Notch Signaling Causes Abnormal Development of the Oviducts, Abnormal Angiogenesis, and Cyst Formation in Mouse Female Reproductive Tract.

The Notch signaling pathway is critical for the differentiation of many tissues and organs in the embryo. To study the consequences of Notch1 gain-of-function signaling on female reproductive tract development, we used a cre-loxP strategy and Amhr2-cre transgene to generate mice with conditionally activated Notch1 (Rosa(Notch1)). The Amhr2-cre transgene is expressed in the mesenchyme of developing female reproductive tract and in granulosa cells in the ovary. Double transgenic Amhr2-cre, Rosa(Notch1) females were infertile, whereas control Rosa(Notch1) mice had normal fertility. All female reproductive organs in mutants showed hemorrhaging of blood vessels progressing with age. The mutant oviducts did not develop coiling, and were instead looped around the ovary. There were multiple blockages in the lumen along the oviduct length, creating a barrier for sperm or oocyte passage. Mutant females demonstrated inflamed uteri with increased vascularization and an influx of inflammatory cells. Additionally, older females developed ovarian, oviductal, and uterine cysts. The significant change in gene expression was detected in the mutant oviduct expression of Wnt4, essential for female reproductive tract development. Similar oviductal phenotypes have been detected previously in mice with activated Smo and in beta-catenin, Wnt4, Wnt7a, and Dicer conditional knockouts, indicating a common regulatory pathway disrupted by these genetic abnormalities.

Involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 in vinorelbine-induced vascular endothelial injury.

Vinorelbine (VIN) is a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid and is one of the most active agents for the treatment of solid tumors. The drug is commonly administered through a peripheral vein. Although VIN is known to cause local venous toxicity, such as drug-induced phlebitis, the mechanism responsible for the toxicity remains unclear. To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in VIN-induced vascular endothelial injury, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were prepared from umbilical cords recovered with the written informed consent of the parents and treated with VIN for 60 min. Following the washing away of the VIN, the cells were cultured for a further 6 and 12 h, and the changes in TLR4 expression in the HUVECs were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Finally, the effects of VIN on the translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were determined by immunofluorescence and confocal analysis. The VIN-treated cells were stretched, extended and irregular while the control cells exhibited normal morphology. The TLR4 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in the VIN-treated HUVECs than those in the control group (P<0.05). The rate of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation in the VIN-treated HUVECs was significantly higher than that in the vehicle-treated group (P<0.05). These results indicated that TLR4 is involved in the development of VIN-induced vascular endothelial injury by affecting the translocation of NF-κB.

Protective effects of silibinin and its possible mechanism of action in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Silibinin, a natural flavonoid antioxidant isolated from extracts of the milk thistle herb, has recently been identified as having anti-hepatotoxic and anticancer properties. In this paper, we investigated the effects of silibinin on behavior and neuroplasticity in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). After 5 consecutive weeks of CUMS, the mice were treated with silibinin (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg by oral gavage) for 3 consecutive weeks. The results showed that silibinin administration significantly alleviated the CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, including the total number of squares crossed and the frequency of rearing in the open field test, the immobility time in the tail suspension test and the forced swimming test. Furthermore, silibinin treatment increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Our study provides new insight into the protective effects of silibinin on the depressive status of CUMS mice, specifically by improving neuroplasticity and neurotransmission.

Suppression of insulin-like3 receptor reveals the role of ß-catenin and Notch signaling in gubernaculum development.

During male development, the testes move from a high intraabdominal position and descend into the scrotum. The gubernaculum, an inguinoscrotal ligament connecting the testis to the lower abdomen, is believed to play a critical role in this process. The first stage of testicular descent is controlled by insulin like3 hormone (INSL3), produced in testicular Leydig cells. Deletion of Insl3 or its receptor, Rxfp2, in mice causes cryptorchidism. We produced Cre/loxP regulated shRNA transgenic mice targeting RXFP2 expression. We have shown that the transgene was able to reduce Rxfp2 gene expression and thus behaved as a hypomorphic allele of Rxfp2. Variable degrees of uni- and bilateral cryptorchidism was detected in males with the activated shRNA transgene on an Rxfp2+/- background. Conditional suppression of Rxfp2 in the gubernaculum led to cryptorchidism. Gene expression analysis of a mutant cremasteric sac using Illumina microarrays indicated abnormal expression of a significant number of genes in Wnt/ß-catenin and Notch pathways. We have demonstrated profound changes in the expression pattern of ß-catenin, Notch1, desmin, and androgen receptor (AR), in Rxfp2-/- male embryos, indicating the role of INSL3 in proliferation, differentiation, and survival of specific cellular components of the gubernaculum. We have shown that INSL3/RXFP2 signaling is essential for myogenic differentiation and maintenance of AR-positive cells in the gubernaculum. Males with the deletion of ß-catenin or Notch1 in the gubernacular ligament demonstrated abnormal development. Our data indicates that ß-catenin and Notch pathways are potential targets of INSL3 signaling during gubernacular development.

[Different types of menstrual cycle and their significance in Chinese women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and metabolic characteristics of Chinese women with different menstrual types. All the women were diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria. METHODS: A total of 2100 patients were divided into three groups: amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and regular menstruation. The metabolism and endocrine indices were determined and compared among three groups. RESULTS: (1) The incidences of hirsutism and PCO were obviously higher in the amenorrhea group than in the oligomenorrhea group (P < 0.01). (2) The amenorrhea group had the highest level of serum testosterone while the oligomenorrhea group had the lowest. Moreover, the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) was higher in the amenorrhea group than in the other two groups (P < 0.01). However the ratio of LH/FSH increased significantly in the regular menstruation group (P < 0.01). (3) The value of 2 h blood glucose was the highest in the amenorrhea group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PCOS patients with diverse types of menstrual cycle show different clinical manifestations and metabolic and endocrine characteristics so that the choice of treatment should be individualized.

Localization and regulation of bovine eye calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.

Calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase is one of the key enzymes involved in the complex interactions, which occur between the cyclic nucleotide and Ca2+ second-messenger systems. In eye, cAMP regulation is important in a variety of physiological processes such as aqueous humor regulation, photoreceptor signal transduction and retinal blood flow. Bovine eye calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase was purified to apparent homogeneity and the isolated enzyme had a significantly higher affinity for calmodulin and Ca2+. Immunohistology revealed calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phospho-diesterase expression in corneal epithelium, retina and optic nerve of the eye. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase was found to catalyze the phosphorylation of bovine eye calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and the following observations were made. Firstly, the phosphorylation resulted in the incorporation of 1 mol of phosphate per mol of subunit, resulting in higher calmodulin and Ca2+ concentration requirement for calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activation. Secondly, Ca2+ and calmodulin prevented the phosphorylation. Thirdly, the phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase could be reversed by the calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin. Analysis of the complex regulatory properties of the calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in the eye has led to the suggestion that fluxes of cAMP and Ca2+ during cell activation are closely coupled and that calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase plays a key role in this signal coupling phenomenon.