A facile N-doped NiFe(B) (Oxy)hydroxide monolithic electrode for enhanced water oxidation.

N-doped NiFe(B) (oxy)hydroxide can promote the catalytic activity for an alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) significantly, but fabrication is difficult. Herein, we introduced a B-induction route to the N-NiFe(B) (oxy)hydroxide monolithic electrode under a relatively low temperature. We observed an excellent catalytic performance benefiting from an optimal electronic structure, enlarged surface area and improved hydrophilicity. Moreover, this mild protocol could be extended to fabricate an S-doped NiFe-based catalyst. This research could aid large-scale manufacture.

Prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose index in patients with chronic coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance and an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Several recent studies have shown the relationship between the TyG index and cardiovascular outcomes; however, the role of the TyG index in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) progression has not been extensively assessed especially in population after revascularization. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the TyG index in predicting MACEs in CCS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: The data for the study were taken from the Hospital Information System database in China-Japan Friendship Hospital over the period 2019-2021. Eligible participants were divided into groups according to the TyG index tertiles. The Boruta algorithm was performed for feature selection. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were applied to examine the dose-response relationship between the TyG index and endpoint, and the results were expressed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were plotted to comprehensively evaluate the predictive accuracy and clinical value of the model. The goodness-of-fit of models was evaluated using the calibration curve and χ2 likelihood ratio test. RESULTS: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1353 patients with CCS undergoing PCI were enrolled in the study. After adjusting for all confounders, we found that those with the highest TyG index had a 59.5% increased risk of MACEs over the 1-year follow-up (HR 1.595, 95% CI 1.370 ~ 1.855). Using the lowest TyG index tertile as the reference (T1), the fully adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for endpoints was 1.343 (1.054 ~ 1.711) in the middle (T2) and 2.297 (1.842 ~ 2.864) in highest tertile (T3) (P for trend < 0.001). The TyG index had an excellent predictive performance according to the results of AUC 0.810 (0.786, 0.834) and χ2 likelihood ratio test (χ2 = 7.474, P = 0.486). DCA and CIC analysis also suggested a good overall net benefit and clinical impact of the multivariate model. The results in the subgroup analysis were consistent with the main analyses. RCS model demonstrated that the TyG index was nonlinearly associated with the risk of MACEs within one year (P for nonlinear < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The elevated TyG index is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and predicts future MACEs in patients with CCS undergoing PCI independently of known cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that the TyG index may be a potential marker for risk stratification and prognosis in CCS patients undergoing PCI.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a potential predictor of adverse prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, its prognostic value in patients with CHD and hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the 1-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with CHD and hypertension. METHODS: The data for the study were taken from the Hospital Information System database in China-Japan Friendship Hospital which contained over 10,000 cardiovascular admissions from 2019 to 2022. The Boruta algorithm was performed for feature selection. The study used univariable analysis, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the 1-year risk of MACEs in patients with CHD and hypertension. RESULTS: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 810 patients with CHD and hypertension were included in the study with a median TyG index of 8.85 (8.48, 9.18). Using the lowest TyG index quartile as the reference, the fully adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for 1-year MACEs for TyG index Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.001 (0.986 ~ 1.016), 1.047 (1.032 ~ 1.062), and 1.760 (1.268 ~ 2.444), respectively. After adjusting for all confounders, we found that those with the highest TyG index had a 47.0% increased risk of MACEs over the 1-year follow-up (OR 1.470, 95% CI 1.071 ~ 2.018). The results in the subgroup analysis were similar to the main analyses. RCS model suggested that the TyG index was nonlinearly associated with the 1-year risk of MACEs (P for nonlinear < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study shows that the elevated TyG index is a potential marker of adverse prognosis among patients with CHD and hypertension and informs the development of clinical decisions to improve outcomes.

Prognosis of coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: a bibliometric analysis over the period 2004-2022.

BACKGROUND: As the complexity and diversity of the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are being explored and reported, burgeoning research has progressed in this field. However, there is no comprehensive analysis available on PCI-related studies published in the literature. This study aimed to analyze and visualize the changes of scientific output regarding prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) after PCI over the past 20 years and to reveal the knowledge domain and development trends in this field by using CiteSpace software. METHODS: Relevant articles published over the period 2004-2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. After manual selection, qualified documents were included and recorded with the information of their title, abstract, keyword, author, descriptor, citation, identifier, publishing year and publishing organization. We transferred the data to CiteSpace V5.8.R2 (Version 5.8.R2) to draw knowledge maps and to conduct co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis, timeline analysis, burst term detection and citation analysis. RESULTS: A total of 14,699 literature records were found relating prognosis of CHD after PCI in the past 20 years (2004-2022), including 14,212 original articles and reviews, and they were published in 153 different journals. Publication production has increased annually and a total of 1182 authors, 796 institutes and 147 countries have contributed to these publications. Moreover, the most representative author was Gregg W Stone from the CardioVascular Research Foundation (CVRF) with 368 publications, whose team mainly focused on exploring the efficacy and safety of revascularization and the characteristics of susceptible population. The global productivity ranking was led by the USA with 3326 published papers, followed by Italy (n = 1355), Japan (n = 1080), China (n = 1075) and Germany (n = 937). And the keywords of these publications were "percutaneous coronary intervention" (n = 2271), "outcome" (n = 1756), "mortality" (n = 1730) and "impact" (n = 1334). Other commonly-used words were "predictor" (n = 1324), "intervention" (n = 1310), "angioplasty" (n = 1299), "risk" (n = 1144), "acute myocardial infarction" (n = 1136) and "artery disease" (n = 1098). Cluster analysis showed that 15 high connected clusters were generated with a modularity Q of 0.831 and a weighted mean silhouette of 0.9388 by applying the log-likelihood ratio algorithm, and the top 5 clusters were #0 optical coherence tomography, #1 dual antiplatelet therapy, #2 bleeding, #3 clopidogrel and #4 thrombus aspiration. Furthermore, the frontiers in the field of prognosis of CHD after PCI mainly involved "decision making", "reperfusion", "angioplasty", "balloon", "unstable angina", "dual antiplatelet therapy", "cardiac surgical score", "restenosis", "reperfusion", "thrombolytic therapy", etc. CONCLUSIONS: To sum up, efficacy and safety of different types of stents, the risk factors of restenosis and thrombotic events after PCI, early risk assessment, and secondary prevention and complications of patients with CHD after PCI were research hotspots and frontier topics in the area by bibliometric analysis. The results could provide a comprehensive overview of the research hotspots and frontier topics relating prognosis of CHD after PCI, promoting a better understanding of the knowledge domain and development trends in this field during the past 20 years.

Development and validation of a clinical prediction model for detecting coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people: a diagnostic study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a multivariate prediction model to estimate the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged and elderly people and to provide a feasible method for early screening and diagnosis in middle-aged and elderly CHD patients. METHODS: This study was a single-center, retrospective, case-control study. Admission data of 932 consecutive patients with suspected CHD were retrospectively assessed from September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 in the Department of Integrative Cardiology at China-Japan Friendship Hospital. A total of 839 eligible patients were included in this study, and 588 patients were assigned to the derivation set and 251 as the validation set at a 7:3 ratio. Clinical characteristics of included patients were compared between derivation set and validation set by univariate analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression analysis method was performed to avoid collinearity and identify key potential predictors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to construct a clinical prediction model with identified predictors for clinical practice. Bootstrap validation was used to test performance and eventually we obtained the actual model. And the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was carried out to evaluate the goodness-fit of the constructed model. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were plotted and utilized with validation set to comprehensively evaluate the predictive accuracy and clinical value of the model. RESULTS: A total of eight indicators were identified as risk factors for the development of CHD in middle-aged and elderly people by univariate analysis. Of these candidate predictors, four key parameters were defined to be significantly related to CHD by Lasso regression analysis, including age (OR 1.034, 95% CI 1.002 ~ 1.067, P = 0.040), hemoglobin A1c (OR 1.380, 95% CI 1.078 ~ 1.768, P = 0.011), ankle-brachial index (OR 0.078, 95% CI 0.012 ~ 0.522, P = 0.009), and brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation (OR 0.848, 95% CI 0.726 ~ 0.990, P = 0.037). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a good calibration performance of the clinical prediction model (derivation set, χ2 = 7.865, P = 0.447; validation set, χ2 = 11.132, P = 0.194). The ROCs of the nomogram in the derivation set and validation set were 0.722 and 0.783, respectively, suggesting excellent predictive power and suitable performance. The clinical prediction model presented a greater net benefit and clinical impact based on DCA and CIC analysis. CONCLUSION: Overall, the development and validation of the multivariate model combined the laboratory and clinical parameters of patients with CHD, which could be beneficial to the individualized prediction of middle-aged and elderly people, and helped to facilitate clinical assessments and decisions during treatment and management of CHD.

SARS-Cov-2 Spike-S1 Antigen Test Strip with High Sensitivity Endowed by High-Affinity Antibodies and Brightly Fluorescent QDs/Silica Nanospheres.

The extensive research into developing novel strategies for detecting respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in clinical specimens, especially the sensitive point-of-care testing method, is still urgently needed to reach rapid screening of viral infections. Herein, a new lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) platform was reported for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike-S1 protein antigens, in which four sensitive and specific SARS-CoV-2 mouse monoclonal antibodies (MmAbs) were tailored by using quantum dot (QD)-loaded dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles modified further for achieving the -COOH group surface coating (named Q/S-COOH nanospheres). Importantly, compact QD adsorption was achieved in mesoporous channels of silica nanoparticles on account of highly accessible central-radial pores and electrostatic interactions, leading to significant signal amplification. As such, a limit of detection for SARS-CoV-2 spike-S1 testing was found to be 0.03 ng/mL, which is lower compared with those of AuNPs-LFIA (traditional colloidal gold nanoparticles, Au NPs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. These results show that optimizing the affinity of antibody and the intensity of fluorescent nanospheres simultaneously is of great significance to improve the sensitivity of LFIA.

Knowledge domain and emerging trends in diabetic cardiomyopathy: A scientometric review based on CiteSpace analysis.

Objective: To review the literature related to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and investigate research hotspots and development trends of this field in the relevant studies based on CiteSpace software of text mining and visualization in scientific literature. Methods: The relevant literature from the last 20 years was retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. After manual selection, each document record includes title, authors, year, organization, abstract, keywords, citation, descriptors, and identifiers. We imported the downloaded data into CiteSpace V (version 5.8.R2) to draw the knowledge map and conduct cooperative network analysis, cluster analysis, burst keyword analysis, and co-citation analysis. Results: After manual screening, there were 3,547 relevant pieces of literature published in the last 18 years (from 2004 to 2021), including 2,935 articles and reviews, which contained 15,533 references, and the number was increasing year by year. The publications of DCM were dedicated by 778 authors of 512 institutions in 116 countries. The People's Republic of China dominated this field (1,117), followed by the USA (768) and Canada (176). In general, most articles were published with a focus on "oxidative stress," "heart failure," "diabetic cardiomyopathy," "dysfunction," "cardiomyopathy," "expression," "heart," "mechanism," and "insulin resistance." Then, 10 main clusters were generated with a modularity Q of 0.6442 and a weighted mean silhouette of 0.8325 by the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) algorithm, including #0 heart failure, #1 perfused heart, #2 metabolic disease, #3 protective effect, #4 diabetic patient, #5 cardiac fibrosis, #6 vascular complication, #7 mitochondrial dynamics, #8 sarcoplasmic reticulum, and #9 zinc supplementation. The top five references with the strongest citation bursts include "Boudina and Abel", "Jia et al.", "Fang et al.", "Poornima et al.", and "Aneja et al.". Conclusion: The global field of DCM has expanded in the last 20 years. The People's Republic of China contributes the most. However, there is little cooperation among authors and institutions. Overall, this bibliometric study identified the hotspots in DCM research, including "stress state," "energy metabolism," "autophagy," "apoptosis," "inflammation," "fibrosis," "PPAR," etc. Thus, further research focuses on these topics that may be more helpful to identify, prevent DCM and improve prophylaxis strategies to bring benefit to patients in the near future.

[Advances in risk prediction model of disease and syndrome combination and concept of construction of risk prediction model for in-stent restenosis after PCI].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has its unique understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors of di-seases, and is advantageous in the study of risk prognosis.First recorded in Huangdi's Internal Classic, the TCM theory of treating di-sease before its onset has a long history.Supplemented and improved by the later generations of doctors, the TCM theory of treating di-sease before its onset has been applied to clinical practice and achieved good results.With the development of modern medicine, it has become a new trend to construct the risk prediction model integrating the research results of modern medicine with disease and syndrome combination of TCM characteristics.The construction of risk prediction model of disease and syndrome combination is conducive to early clinical screening and intervention, and provides ideas for the integration of TCM and western medicine.Coronary heart disease(CHD) is one of the common chronic diseases, and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) is an important therapeutic approach.In-stent restenosis(ISR) is a common complication after PCI, which seriously affects the outcome and prognosis of patients.Although some patients can be treated with balloon dilatation and endovascular stents, a significant number of patients still refuse secondary stenting intervention.The construction of risk prediction model of disease and syndrome combination for ISR after PCI can provide an effective tool for clinical risk prediction of ISR and indicators with TCM characteristics for early screening and intervention of people at a high risk of ISR, and guide clinical monitoring and intervention, which has certain clinical significance and reference value for the prevention and reduction of ISR.

[Evaluation of diagnostic efficacy of artery elasticity and endothelial function indexes for coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women by Logistic regression combined with ROC curve model].

The present study explored the correlation of coronary heart disease(CHD) with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with artery elasticity and endothelial function indexes and evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of the prediction model via logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve model. A retrospective comparison was made between 366 postmenopausal CHD patients from August 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021, in the Department of Cardiology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, who were divided into the blood stasis syndrome group(n=196) and the non-blood stasis syndrome group(n=170). General clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to probe the correlation of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV), ankle-brachial index(ABI), and flow-mediated dilatation(FMD), and the ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the prediction model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with baPWV, ABI, and FMD were 1.123, 0.109, and 0.719, respectively(P=0.004, P=0.005, P<0.001),and the regression equation for predicting probability P was P=1/[1+e~(-(3.131+0.116×baPWV-2.217×ABI-0.330×FMD))]. ROC curve analysis suggested that in the context of baPWV≥19.19 m·s~(-1) or ABI≤1.22 or FMD≤9.7%, it was of great significance to predict the diagnosis of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women. The AUC of baPWV, ABI, FMD, and prediction probability P was 0.763, 0.607, 0.705, and 0.836, respectively. The AUC of prediction probability P was higher than that of each index alone(P<0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.888 and 0.647, respectively. The results demonstrate that baPWV, ABI, and FMD are independently correlated with CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women, and show certain independent predictive abilities(P<0.05). The combined evaluation of the three possesses the best diagnostic efficiency.

Enhanced Cd removal from aqueous solution by biologically modified biochar derived from digestion residue of corn straw silage.

Biologically modified biochars derived from digestion residue of corn straw silage at different pyrolysis temperature (300-700 °C) were prepared for removing Cd from water. Compared with the pristine biochar derived from corn straw (CB), transabdominal transformation of corn straw silage (TCB) significantly increased surface area (4.24-56.58 m2 g-1), oxygen-containing functional group (COC, MgO, SiO) and mineral components (CaCO3, KCl). The sorption isotherms could be well described by Langmuir model, the kinetic data was best fitted by the Pseudo second order model. The maximum sorption capacity (Qm) obtained from Langmuir model for TCB700 (175.44 mg g-1) was 3 times of CB700 (56.82 mg g-1). Precipitation with minerals, ion exchange and complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups were the main mechanisms of Cd(II) sorption on TCB. These results imply that biologically modified biochar derived from digestion residue of corn straw silage at ≥600 °C is an effective sorbent for Cd removal from water.

The inhibition of GSK-3ß promotes the production of reactive oxygen species via ß-catenin/C/EBPα signaling in the spleen of zebrafish (Danio rerio).

In this study, the mechanism that the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß) promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via ß-catenin/CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) signaling was investigated in the spleen of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results demonstrated that the inhibition of GSK-3ß induced the mRNA expression of ß-catenin and C/EBPα by lithium (Li) treatments or GSK-3ß RNA interference. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2.-), and hydroxy radical (·OH) as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased, while the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were decreased in the spleen and ZF4 cells of zebrafish by Li+ treatments. In addition, GSK-3ß RNA interference increased ROS levels and decreased the activities of CAT and GSH-PX in the spleen. The fluorescence intensity of ROS was increased but the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was decreased by Li+ treatments in ZF4 cells labeled with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and Rhodamine-123, respectively. The results of present study indicated that the inhibition of GSK-3ß promoted the ROS production via ß-catenin/C/EBPα signaling in the spleen of zebrafish, and the balance between ROS and antioxidants could be destroyed by the GSK-3ß/ß-catenin/C/EBPα signaling. The results may be a valuable contribution to understanding the modulatory mechanism of GSK-3ß/ß-catenin/C/EBPα signaling on the antioxidant system in fish species.

Lithium promotes the production of reactive oxygen species via GSK-3ß/TSC2/TOR signaling in the gill of zebrafish (Danio rerio).

In this study, the mechanism that lithium (Li) promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2)/target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling was investigated in the gill of zebrafish (Danio rerio). After the zebrafish were treated by 25 and 50 mg/L Li+, the mRNA expression of GSK-3ß and TSC2 was inhibited, but the expression of TOR was induced in the gill of zebrafish. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2·-), and hydroxy radical (·OH) as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased, while the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and peroxidase (POD) were decreased by 25 and 50 mg/L Li+ treatments. In the ZF4 cells, the mRNA expression of GSK-3ß and TSC2 was inhibited, but TOR expression was induced by 1, 5, and 10 mmol/L Li+ treatments. To further confirm that lithium promoted ROS production via GSK-3ß inhibition, GSK-3ß RNA was interfered. It was found that the interference of GSK-3ß RNA induced the TSC2/TOR signaling. The levels of H2O2, O2·-, and ·OH were increased, but the activities of CAT, GSH-PX, and POD were decreased by GSK-3ß RNA interference. In addition, lithium decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with Rhodamine-123 assay, but increased the levels of ROS by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. The present results indicated that lithium promoted the ROS production through the GSK-3ß/TSC2/TOR signaling in the gill of zebrafish.