Optimization and characterization of silver nanoparticle-modified luffa for the adsorption of ketoprofen and reactive yellow 15 from aqueous solutions.

In the current work, luffa was modified with silver nanoparticles to prepare LF/AgNPs adsorbent for the elimination of ketoprofen and reactive yellow 15 (RY15) from aqueous media. Various characterization techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, BET, and SEM-EDS analysis, were employed to confirm the successful modification of LF/AgNPs. Several key parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, concentration, pH, and agitation technique were fine-tuned to optimize the adsorption process. Ketoprofen removal was found to be most effective in weakly acidic conditions (pH = 5), while reactive yellow 15 adsorption was enhanced in an acidic environment (pH = 2). At 298 K, the highest adsorption capacities reached 56.88 mg/g for ketoprofen and 97.76 mg/g for reactive yellow 15. In both scenarios involving the elimination of ketoprofen and RY15, the Temkin isotherm exhibits higher R2 values, specifically 0.997 for ketoprofen and 0.963 for RY15, demonstrating a strong correlation with the observed adsorption data. Additionally, the kinetics of ketoprofen adsorption were best described by the Pseudo-first order model (R2 = 0.989), whereas the Pseudo-second order model provided the most accurate fit for reactive yellow 15 adsorption (R2 = 0.997). Importantly, the LF/AgNPs adsorbent displayed consistent performance over five consecutive reuse cycles, affirming its stability and efficacy in removing both contaminants. These findings underscore the exceptional potential of LF/AgNPs as a reliable adsorbent for the removal of reactive yellow 15 and ketoprofen from aqueous solutions.

Preparation of sisal fiber/polyaniline/bio-surfactant rhamnolipid-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for water decolorization: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies.

Sisal fiber is a potent economical biomaterial for designing composites because of its low density, high specific strength, no toxic effects, and renewability. The present study utilized sisal fiber as a starting material and subjected it to modification to produce a sisal fiber/polyaniline/bio-surfactant rhamnolipid-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite material denoted as SF@PANI@LDH@RL. The composite was evaluated for its efficacy in removing reactive orange 16 (RO16) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDS techniques; these analyses indicated the successful modification of the sisal fiber. The primary factors, including contact time, adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, temperature, and pH, were optimized for achieving the most excellent adsorption efficiency. On the one hand, methylene blue removal is enhanced in the basic solution (pH = 10). On the other hand, reactive orange 16 adsorption was favored in the acidic solution (pH = 3). The highest adsorption capacities for methylene blue and reactive orange 16 were 24.813 and 23.981 mg/g at 318 K, respectively. The Temkin isotherm model, which proves the adsorption procedure of methylene blue and reactive orange 16 could be regarded as a chemisorption procedure, supplies the most suitable explanation for the adsorption of methylene blue (R2 = 0.983) and reactive orange 16 (R2 = 0.996). Furthermore, Elovich is the best-fitting kinetic model for both dyes (R2 = 0.986 for MB and R2 = 0.987 for RO16). The recommended SF@PANI@LDH@RL adsorbent was reused six consecutive times and showed stable adsorption performance. The results demonstrate that SF@PANI@LDH@RL is a perfect adsorbent for eliminating cationic and anionic organic dyes from aqueous media.