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Background Histotripsy is a nonthermal, nonionizing, noninvasive, focused US technique that relies on cavitation for mechanical tissue breakdown at the focal point. Preclinical data have shown its safety and technical success in the ablation of liver tumors. Purpose To evaluate the safety and technical success of histotripsy in destroying primary or metastatic liver tumors. Materials and Methods The parallel United States and European Union and England #HOPE4LIVER trials were prospective, multicenter, single-arm studies. Eligible patients were recruited at 14 sites in Europe and the United States from January 2021 to July 2022. Up to three tumors smaller than 3 cm in size could be treated. CT or MRI and clinic visits were performed at 1 week or less preprocedure, at index-procedure, 36 hours or less postprocedure, and 30 days postprocedure. There were co-primary end points of technical success of tumor treatment and absence of procedure-related major complications within 30 days, with performance goals of greater than 70% and less than 25%, respectively. A two-sided 95% Wilson score CI was derived for each end point. Results Forty-four participants (21 from the United States, 23 from the European Union or England; 22 female participants, 22 male participants; mean age, 64 years ± 12 [SD]) with 49 tumors were enrolled and treated. Eighteen participants (41%) had hepatocellular carcinoma and 26 (59%) had non-hepatocellular carcinoma liver metastases. The maximum pretreatment tumor diameter was 1.5 cm ± 0.6 and the maximum post-histotripsy treatment zone diameter was 3.6 cm ± 1.4. Technical success was observed in 42 of 44 treated tumors (95%; 95% CI: 84, 100) and procedure-related major complications were reported in three of 44 participants (7%; 95% CI: 2, 18), both meeting the performance goal. Conclusion The #HOPE4LIVER trials met the co-primary end-point performance goals for technical success and the absence of procedure-related major complications, supporting early clinical adoption. Clinical trial registration nos. NCT04572633, NCT04573881 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Nezami and Georgiades in this issue.
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Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Idoso , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ablação por Ultrassom Focalizado de Alta Intensidade/métodos , Estados Unidos , Resultado do Tratamento , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/cirurgia , Europa (Continente)RESUMO
PURPOSE: Ablative therapies for primary and secondary liver malignancies are increasingly adopted in current guidelines. Nevertheless, surgical resection remains the gold standard in most curative therapy settings. Extensive studies on mortality and morbidity after ablative treatment of the liver are missing. We investigated complications and mortality after ablative treatment in a large, unselected study cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Standardized patient and treatment data in 4374 percutaneous and angiographic ablative procedures of the liver from the DRG-based hospital reimbursement system (diagnosis-related groups) of an academic hospital in Germany were retrospectively evaluated. We analyzed descriptive patient data, length of stay (LOS), pre-existing medical conditions, previous gastrointestinal surgeries, severe complications, and occurrence of death. RESULTS: Treatment of secondary liver malignancies constituted over two-thirds of all procedures (71%, nâ¯=â¯3053). The mean LOS was 4.1 ± 3.5 days. Severe complications were documented in 1.4% and in-house death in 0.2% of cases, significantly more often after treatment with chemoembolization of primary liver malignancies (pâ¯=â¯0.003; pâ¯=â¯0.0001). Previous partial liver resection, partial bowel resection, and chronic renal failure were independent risk factors for the occurrence of severe complications. CONCLUSION: Severe complications and in-hospital death are rare in the treatment of primary and secondary liver malignancies with percutaneous and angiographic procedures. They are a viable alternative or addition to a surgical approach in treating liver lesions.
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BACKROUND: The use of flow diverting stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms is associated with a risk of neurological morbidity due to their thrombogenicity. To reduce this risk different surface modifications have been developed. The Derivo 2 Embolization Device (Acandis, Pforzheim, Germany) has proven to be a safe and effective flow diverter. To overcome the risk of thrombo-embolism, the device was modified by adding an anti-thrombogenic fibrin-heparin coating. We aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the Derivo 2 heal Embolization Device. METHODS: Retrospective multicenter data from nine German neurovascular centers between February 2022 until December 2023 were used. Patients treated with the Derivo 2 heal Embolization Device for unruptured or ruptured intracranial aneurysms were included. Peri- and postprocedural adverse events, clinical outcomes, and angiographic follow-up results were evaluated. RESULTS: 84 patients (73.8% female; mean age 58.7 years) with 89 aneurysms (mean size 9.8â¯mm) were included. 87.6% were located in the anterior circulation. Most of them were sidewall aneurysms (88.8%). 96 flow diverters were used. 99.0% were successfully implanted. An in-stent balloon angioplasty was performed in 6.0% of the cases. An additional coiling was performed in 28.6%. Technical difficulties were present in 12.0% of the cases. Thrombotic events occurred in 4.8% with no neurological sequelae. Mortality and morbidity were 0 and 1.2% respectively. Adequate aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 80.7% with a mean follow-up time of 6.6 months. CONCLUSION: The Derivo 2 heal Embolization Device showed a satisfying aneurysm occlusion and safety with a low rate of neurological morbidity.
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BACKGROUND: Data on impact of COVID-19 vaccination and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy are scarce. Addressing this subject, we report our multicenter experience. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with COVID-19 and known vaccination status treated with mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke at 20 tertiary care centers between January 2020 and January 2023. Baseline demographics, angiographic outcome, and clinical outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale score at discharge were noted. A multivariate analysis was conducted to test whether these variables were associated with an unfavorable outcome, defined as modified Rankin Scale score >3. A total of 137 patients with acute ischemic stroke (48 vaccinated and 89 unvaccinated) with acute or subsided COVID-19 infection who underwent mechanical thrombectomy attributable to vessel occlusion were included in the study. Angiographic outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were similar (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b: 85.4% in vaccinated patients versus 86.5% in unvaccinated patients; P=0.859). The rate of functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score, ≤2) was 23.3% in the vaccinated group and 20.9% in the unvaccinated group (P=0.763). The mortality rate was 30% in both groups. In the multivariable analysis, vaccination status was not a significant predictor for an unfavorable outcome (P=0.957). However, acute COVID-19 infection remained significant (odds ratio, 1.197 [95% CI, 1.007-1.417]; P=0.041). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated no impact of COVID-19 vaccination on angiographic or clinical outcome of COVID-19-positive patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, whereas worsening attributable to COVID-19 was confirmed.
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Vacinas contra COVID-19 , COVID-19 , AVC Isquêmico , Trombectomia , Vacinação , Humanos , COVID-19/complicações , COVID-19/terapia , COVID-19/mortalidade , Masculino , Feminino , AVC Isquêmico/mortalidade , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Vacinas contra COVID-19/efeitos adversos , SARS-CoV-2 , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a severe disease that is associated with an 85% mortality rate if untreated. Several studies have analyzed the use of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the different scenarios of BAO. However, the results remain conflicting and the role of MT as standard of care for vertebrobasilar tandem occlusions (VBTO) has not been confirmed. Our goal was to assess technical feasibility, safety, and functional outcome of endovascular treatment of VBTO in comparison to isolated BAO (IBAO). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all prospectively collected patients with acute BAO from six tertiary centers between September 2016 and November 2021. Patients were subsequently divided into two groups: VBTO and IBAO. Baseline data, procedural details, and outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS: A total of 190 patients were included, 55 presenting with a VBTO and 135 with IBAO. Successful recanalization was equally common in both groups (89.1% and 86.0%). Rates of favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale: 0-2) were higher in patients with VBTO compared to IBAO (36.4% vs. 25.2%, p = 0.048) and mortality was lower (29.1% vs. 33.3%). However, these associations faded after adjustment for confounders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.86, 95% CI 0.35-2.05; aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.35-2.45). Rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage did not differ between the groups (VBTO: 7.3% vs. IBAO: 4.2%; p = 0.496). CONCLUSION: Endovascular treatment of VBTO is technically feasible and safe with similar rates of successful recanalization, favorable functional outcome, and mortality to those in patients with IBAO.
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BACKGROUND: High-dose-rate computed tomography (CT)-guided brachytherapy (HDR-BT) has shown promising results in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While growing evidence shows clear limitations of mRECIST, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has relevant potential in improving the response assessment. PURPOSE: To assess whether DWI allows evaluation of short- and long-term tumor response in patients with HCC after HDR-BT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 22 patients with 11 non-responding HCCs (NR-HCC; local tumor recurrence within two years) and 24 responding HCCs (R-HCC; follow-up at least two years) were included in this retrospective bi-center study. HCCs were treated with HDR-BT and patients underwent pre- and post-interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Analyses of DWI were evaluated and compared between pre-interventional MRI, 1.follow-up after 3 months and 2.follow-up at the time of the local tumor recurrence (in NR-HCC) or after 12 months (in R-HCC). RESULTS: ADCmean of R-HCC increased significantly after HDR-BT on the first and second follow-up (ADCmean: 0.87 ± 0.18 × 10-3â mm2/s [pre-interventional]: 1.14 ± 0.23 × 10-3â mm2/s [1. post-interventional]; 1.42 ± 0.32 × 10-3â mm2/s [2. post-interventional]; P < 0.001). ADCmean of NR-HCC did not show a significant increase from pre-intervention to 1. post-interventional MRI (ADCmean: 0.85 ± 0.24 × 10-3â mm2/s and 1.00 ± 0.30 × 10-3â mm2/s, respectively; P = 0.131). ADCmean increase was significant between pre-intervention and 2. follow-up (ADCmean: 1.03 ± 0.19 × 10-3â mm2/s; P = 0.018). There was no significant increase of ADCmean between the first and second follow-up. There was, however, a significant increase of ADCmin after 12 months (ADCmin: 0.87 ± 0.29 × 10-3â mm2/s) compared to pre-interventional MRI and first follow-up (P < 0.005) only in R-HCC. CONCLUSION: The tumor response after CT-guided HDR-BT was associated with a significantly higher increase in ADCmean and ADCmin in short- and long-term follow-up.
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Braquiterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Braquiterapia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Numerous questions regarding procedural details of distal stroke thrombectomy remain unanswered. This study assesses the effect of anesthetic strategies on procedural, clinical and safety outcomes following thrombectomy for distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs). METHODS: Patients with isolated DMVO stroke from the TOPMOST registry were analyzed with regard to anesthetic strategies (ie, conscious sedation (CS), local (LA) or general anesthesia (GA)). Occlusions were in the P2/P3 or A2-A4 segments of the posterior and anterior cerebral arteries (PCA and ACA), respectively. The primary endpoint was the rate of complete reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 3) and the secondary endpoint was the rate of modified Rankin Scale score 0-1. Safety endpoints were the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality. RESULTS: Overall, 233 patients were included. The median age was 75 years (range 64-82), 50.6% (n=118) were female, and the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 8 (IQR 4-12). DMVOs were in the PCA in 59.7% (n=139) and in the ACA in 40.3% (n=94). Thrombectomy was performed under LA±CS (51.1%, n=119) and GA (48.9%, n=114). Complete reperfusion was reached in 73.9% (n=88) and 71.9% (n=82) in the LA±CS and GA groups, respectively (P=0.729). In subgroup analysis, thrombectomy for ACA DMVO favored GA over LA±CS (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 1.24 to 7.57, P=0.015). Rates of secondary and safety outcomes were similar in the LA±CS and GA groups. CONCLUSION: LA±CS compared with GA resulted in similar reperfusion rates after thrombectomy for DMVO stroke of the ACA and PCA. GA may facilitate achieving complete reperfusion in DMVO stroke of the ACA. Safety and functional long-term outcomes were comparable in both groups.
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Anestésicos , Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Artéria Cerebral Posterior , Resultado do Tratamento , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Trombectomia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Peritumoral edema is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM). The relationship between vasogenic edema and proliferation indices or cell density in BCBM remains poorly understood. PURPOSE: To assess the association between tumor volume and peritumoral edema volume and histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters in BCBM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with confirmed BCBM were retrospectively identified. The tumor volume and peritumoral edema volume of each brain metastasis (BM) were semi-automatically calculated in axial T2w and axial T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences using the software MIM (Cleveland, Ohio, USA). Edema volume was correlated with histological parameters, including cell count and Ki-67. Sub-analyses were conducted for luminal B, Her2-positive, and tripe negative subgroups. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients were included in the study. There were 24 patients with a single BM. Mean metastasis volume was 31.40 ± 32.52 mL and mean perifocal edema volume was 72.75 ± 58.85 mL. In the overall cohort, no correlation was found between tumor volume and Ki-67 (r = 0.046, p = .782) or cellularity (r = 0.028, p = .877). Correlation between edema volume and Ki-67 was r = 0.002 (p = .989), correlation with cellularity was r = 0.137 (p = .453). No relevant correlation was identified in any subgroup analysis. There was no relevant correlation between BM volume and edema volume. CONCLUSION: In patients with breast cancer brain metastases, we did not find linear associations between edema volumes and immunohistochemical features reflecting proliferation potential. Furthermore, there was no relevant correlation between metastasis volume and edema volume.
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Edema Encefálico , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Antígeno Ki-67 , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Edema , Edema Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagem , Edema Encefálico/etiologia , Contagem de CélulasRESUMO
Sarcopenia is common in patients with liver cirrhosis and related to higher mortality. Implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a feasible method for reducing cirrhosis-related portal hypertension, but also possible improvement of the patient`s muscle status. We aimed to analyze changes in muscle quantity and prevalence of sarcopenia after TIPS. We retrospectively surveyed the muscle status in 52 patients (mean age 54.2 years) before and after TIPS by evaluating skeletal (SMI) and psoas muscle indices (PMI) in CT and MR images. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), Freiburg index of post-TIPS survival (FIPS), and their underlying laboratory parameters (e.g., Albumin) were analyzed. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 84.6%. After a median follow-up of 16.5 months after TIPS, SMI (0.020) and PMI (p < 0.001) increased, and sarcopenia decreased by 14.8% (0.109). MELD and PMI after TIPS were negatively correlated (r = - 0.536, p < 0.001). Albumin levels increased in patients with increased SMI after TIPS (p = 0.022). Confirming the positive impact of TIPS implantation on muscle indices in patients with liver cirrhosis, we found indications for improved survival and possible indications for altered metabolism with increased albumin levels in patients with increased muscle quantity.
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Doença Hepática Terminal , Derivação Portossistêmica Transjugular Intra-Hepática , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico por imagem , Sarcopenia/etiologia , Derivação Portossistêmica Transjugular Intra-Hepática/efeitos adversos , Derivação Portossistêmica Transjugular Intra-Hepática/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico por imagem , Cirrose Hepática/cirurgia , Músculos Psoas/diagnóstico por imagem , Albuminas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a hazardous disorder with a high mortality. Combination of clinical, radiological, and serological parameters can improve risk stratification of APE. Most of the proposed combined scores were not validated in independent cohorts. Our aim was to validate the proposed clinical-radiological scores for prognosis of 7- and 30-day mortality in APE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our sample comprised 531 patients with APE, mean age 64.8 ± 15.6 years, 221 (41.6%) females and 310 (58.4%) males. The following parameters were collected: Age and sex of the patients, mortality within the observation time of 30 days, simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI), pH troponin level (pg/ml), minimal systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mmHg), heart rate, O2 saturation, episodes of syncope, and need for vasopressors. On CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), short axis ratio right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV), and reflux of contrast medium into the inferior vena cava were obtained. The following clinical-radiological scores were calculated: BOVA score, pulmonary embolism mortality score (PEMS), European Society of Cardiology (ESC) score, Kumamaru score, and Calgary acute pulmonary embolism (CAPE) score. RESULTS: Overall, 31 patients (5.8%) died within seven and 64 patients (12%) within 30 days. All scores showed high negative prognostic values ranging from 89.0 to 99.0%. PEMS and CAPE score demonstrated the highest specificity for 7-day mortality (93.4% and 85.0%), PEMS and BOVA for 30-day mortality (94.2% and 90.4%). The highest sensitivity was observed for ESC 2019 (96.8% and 95.3%). Kumamaru and CAPE scores had low sensitivity. All scores had low positive and high negative predictive values. CONCLUSION: For prognosis of 7- and 30-day mortality in APE, PEMS score has the highest specificity. ESC 2019 shows the highest sensitivity. All scores had low positive and high negative predictive values.
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Hominidae , Embolia Pulmonar , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Animais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Prognóstico , Meios de Contraste , Doença Aguda , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The reorganization of the medical curriculum has increased the demands on medical didactics. For interdisciplinary fields such as radiology this offers the opportunity to be more visible in clinical medical teaching and to emphasize its integrative role in patient care. We present a novel integrative learning concept based on the notion of PACS (picture archiving and communication system) learning. In the initial phase it was available to students in their final-year internships. METHODS: We designed 100 case vignettes on a designated workstation. Vignettes were prepared in a patient-based format in Aycan PACS (Aycan Medical Systems, NY, USA). The first image of each case included the case description and background information. Students worked through the vignettes independently. Each imaging examination was followed by small quizzes or open questions. Short texts provided additional information on the case, leading to the next examination. The typical case included several imaging modalities (CT, MRI, Xray, etc.) in diagnosis and follow-up. After processing the cases, the students completed an evaluation form on a five-point Likert scale. RESULTS: Students approved the learning concept in terms of knowledge level, didactic structure, and motivation for self-study. A large proportion of respondents indicated that the new concept had sparked their interest in radiology Almost all students stated that they had benefited from the concept and favored its continuation. CONCLUSION: Our PACS workstation enjoyed high acceptance among students. This underlines the importance of integrative, competence-based teaching models in the medical curriculum. Radiology as a cross-disciplinary discipline is in particular suitable for encouraging students to combine theoretical and practical knowledge and can become a central component in student education through innovative concepts.
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Radiologia , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , Currículo , Radiologia/educação , Aprendizagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Interstitial brachytherapy (iBT) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identification of prognostic factors is pivotal for patient selection and treatment efficacy. This study aimed to assess the impact of low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of iBT in patients with HCC. METHODS: For this single-center study, we retrospectively identified 77 patients with HCC who underwent iBT between 2011 and 2018. Follow-up visits were recorded until 2020. The psoas muscle area, psoas muscle index, psoas muscle density (MD), and the skeletal muscle gauge were assessed on the L3 level on pre-treatment cross-sectional CT scans. RESULTS: Median OS was 37 months. 42 patients (54.5%) had LSMM. An AFP level of >400 ng/ml (hazard ratio [HR] 5.705, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.228-14.606, p = 0.001), BCLC stage (HR 3.230, 95% CI: 0.972-10.735, p = 0.026), and LSMM (HR 3.365, 95% CI: 1.490-7.596, p = 0.002) showed a relevant association with OS. Weighted hazard ratios were used to form a predictive risk stratification model with three groups: patients with low risk (median OS 62 months), intermediate risk (median OS 31 months), and high risk (median OS 9 months). The model showed a good prediction of 1-year mortality, with an AUC of 0.71. Higher MD was associated with better PFS (HR 0.920, 95% CI: 0.881-0.962, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing iBT for HCC, LSMM is associated with worse OS. A risk stratification model based on LSMM, AFP >400 ng/mL, and BCLC stage successfully predicted patient mortality. The model may support and enhance patient selection.
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Braquiterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , alfa-Fetoproteínas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Body composition parameters have been reported to be prognostic factors in patients with oncologic diseases. However, the available data on patients with HCC are conflicting. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of body composition on survival in patients with HCC treated with sorafenib or selective internal radioembolization (SIRT) and sorafenib. METHODS: This is an exploratory subanalysis of the prospective, randomized controlled SORAMIC trial. Within the palliative arm of the study, patients were selected if a baseline abdominal CT was available. A broad set of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue parameters were measured at the L3 level. Low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) and density parameters were defined using published cutoffs. The parameters were correlated with overall survival. RESULTS: Of 424 patients in the palliative study arm, 369 patients were included in the analysis. There were 192 patients in the combined sorafenib/SIRT and 177 patients in the sorafenib group. Median overall survival was 9.9 months for the entire cohort and 10.8 and 9.2 months for the SIRT/sorafenib and sorafenib groups, respectively. There was no relevant association of either body composition parameter with overall survival in either the overall cohort or in the SIRT/sorafenib or sorafenib subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This subanalysis of the prospective SORAMIC trial does not suggest a relevant influence of body composition parameters of survival in patients with advanced HCC. Body composition parameters therefore do not serve in patient allocation in this palliative treatment cohort.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Sorafenibe , Estudos Prospectivos , Composição CorporalRESUMO
Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverters (FD) has become one of the most promising interventions. Due to its woven high-density structure they are particularly applicable for challenging lesions. Although several studies have already conducted realistic hemodynamic quantification of the FD efficacy, a comparison with morphologic post-interventional data is still missing. This study analyses the hemodynamics of ten intracranial aneurysm patients treated with a novel FD device. Based on pre- and post-interventional 3D digital subtraction angiography image data, patient-specific 3D models of both treatment states are generated applying open source threshold-based segmentation methods. Using a fast virtual stenting approach, the real stent positions available in the post-interventional data are virtually replicated and both treatment scenarios were characterized using image-based blood flow simulations. The results show FD-induced flow reductions at the ostium by a decrease in mean neck flow rate (51%), inflow concentration index (56%) and mean inflow velocity (53%). Intraluminal reductions in flow activity for time-averaged wall shear stress (47%) and kinetic energy (71%) are present as well. However, an intra-aneurysmal increase in flow pulsatility (16%) for the post-interventional cases can be observed. Patient-specific FD simulations demonstrate the desired flow redirection and activity reduction inside the aneurysm beneficial for thrombosis formation. Differences in the magnitude of hemodynamic reduction exist over the cardiac cycle which may be addressed in a clinical setting by anti-hypertensive treatment in selected cases.
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Aneurisma Intracraniano , Humanos , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Stents/efeitos adversos , Imageamento Tridimensional , HidrodinâmicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of body composition parameters with outcomes in Covid-19. METHODS: 173 patients hospitalized for Covid-19 infection in 6 European centers were included in this retrospective study. Measurements were performed at L3-level and comprised skeletal muscle index (SMI), muscle density (MD), and adipose tissue measurements [visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), visceral-to-subcutaneous-adipose-tissue-area-ratio (VSR)]. The association with mortality, the need for intubation (MV), and the need for admission to ICU within 30 days were evaluated. RESULTS: Higher SAT density was associated with a greater risk of MV (OR = 1.071, 95%CI=(1.034;1.110), p < 0.001). Higher VAT density was associated with admission to ICU (OR = 1.068, 95%CI=(1.029;1.109), p < 0.001). Higher MD was a protective factor for MV and ICU admission (OR = 0.914, 95%CI=(0.870;0.960), p < 0.001; OR = 0.882, 95%CI=(0.832;0.934), p = 0.028). Higher VSR was associated with mortality (OR = 2.147, 95%CI=(1.022;4.512), p = 0.044). Male sex showed the strongest influence on the risk of ICU admission and MV. SMI was not associated with either parameter. CONCLUSION: In patients hospitalized for Covid-19 infection, higher VSR seems to be a strong prognostic factor of short-term mortality. Weak associations with clinical course were found for MD and adipose tissue measurements. Male sex was the strongest prognostic factor of adverse clinical course. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: VSR is a prognostic biomarker for 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized for Covid-19 disease.
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COVID-19 , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Gordura Subcutânea/diagnóstico por imagem , Tecido Adiposo/diagnóstico por imagem , Progressão da Doença , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Background Evidence supporting a potential benefit of thrombectomy for distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is, to the knowledge of the authors, unknown. Purpose To compare the clinical and safety outcomes between mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and best medical treatment (BMT) with or without intravenous thrombolysis for primary isolated ACA DMVOs. Materials and Methods Treatment for Primary Medium Vessel Occlusion Stroke, or TOPMOST, is an international, retrospective, multicenter, observational registry of patients treated for DMVO in daily practice. Patients treated with thrombectomy or BMT alone for primary ACA DMVO distal to the A1 segment between January 2013 and October 2021 were analyzed and compared by one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM). Early outcome was measured by the median improvement of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at 24 hours. Favorable functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale scores of 0-2 at 90 days. Safety was assessed by the occurrence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and mortality. Results Of 154 patients (median age, 77 years; quartile 1 [Q1] to quartile 3 [Q3], 66-84 years; 80 men; 94 patients with MT; 60 patients with BMT) who met the inclusion criteria, 110 patients (median age, 76 years; Q1-Q3, 67-83 years; 50 men; 55 patients with MT; 55 patients with BMT) were matched. DMVOs were in A2 (82 patients; 53%), A3 (69 patients; 45%), and A3 (three patients; 2%). After PSM, the median 24-hour NIHSS point decrease was -2 (Q1-Q3, -4 to 0) in the thrombectomy and -1 (Q1-Q3, -4 to 1.25) in the BMT cohort (P = .52). Favorable functional outcome (MT vs BMT, 18 of 37 [49%] vs 19 of 39 [49%], respectively; P = .99) and mortality (MT vs BMT, eight of 37 [22%] vs 12 of 39 [31%], respectively; P = .36) were similar in both groups. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in three (2%) of 154 patients. Conclusion Thrombectomy appears to be a safe and technically feasible treatment option for primary isolated anterior cerebral artery occlusions in the A2 and A3 segment with clinical outcomes similar to best medical treatment with and without intravenous thrombolysis. © RSNA, 2023 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Zhu and Wang in this issue.
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Isquemia Encefálica , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Anterior , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Isquemia Encefálica/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Anterior/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombectomia/métodosRESUMO
AIM: This study aimed at assessing body composition parameters, creeping fat (CrF), and Crohn's disease's (CD) activity based on the Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA). METHODS: 114 CD patients who underwent magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) between June 2010 and April 2020 were retrospectively assessed. The semi-automated body composition segmentation, the qualitative evaluation of CrF, and MaRIA were performed. Based on their MaRIA score, patients were divided into two groups: mild-to-moderate disease (MaRIA <11, n = 50) and severe disease (MaRIA ≥11, n = 64). MRE parameters were analyzed between both groups. Patients were dichotomized according to body composition categories and the presence of CrF. Univariate regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between dichotomized variables and severe disease. Significant variables were incorporated into the multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS: The severe disease group exhibited higher serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to the mild-to-moderate disease group (p ≤0.001). In the mild-to-moderate disease group, a higher proportion of patients had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 (kg/m2) (32.0%) compared to the severe disease group (16.5%) (p = 0.04). The subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI) was significantly higher in the mild-to-moderate disease group (p = 0.04). The visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT) ratio tended to be higher in the severe disease group (p = 0.09). There was no significant difference between both groups regarding total adipose tissue index (TATI) (p = 0.10), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) (p = 0.51), intramuscular adipose tissue index (IMATI) (p = 0.38), skeletal muscle index (SMI) (p = 0.83), and sarcopenia (p = 0.75). In the multivariate analysis, CrF was significantly associated with severe disease (odds ratio [OR] 11.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.13-42.17; p ≤0.001). Additionally, a BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2) was protective against severe disease (OR: 0.34, 95% CI 0.12-0.95; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: CrF is significantly associated with CD activity.
Assuntos
Doença de Crohn , Humanos , Doença de Crohn/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Crohn/metabolismo , Doença de Crohn/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Composição Corporal , Gordura Subcutânea , Gordura Intra-AbdominalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: High visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and creeping fat (CrF) in Crohn's disease (CD) have been widely recognized. The VAT to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) ratio and sarcopenia have been associated with CD complications. Studies regarding the influence of body composition predictors on CD complications assessed with magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) are scarce. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess body composition parameters and CrF in opportunistic MRE as predictors of complicated CD. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 114 patients with inflammatory (n = 54) and complicated (n = 60) CD. The semiautomated assessment of body composition and the qualitative evaluation of CrF were performed. RESULTS: Body composition parameters did not differ between both groups regarding the body mass index (p = 0.50), total adipose tissue index (TATI) (p = 0.14), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI) (p = 0.17), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) (p = 0.33), VAT/SAT ratio (p = 0.77), intramuscular adipose tissue (p = 0.64), skeletal muscle index (p = 0.22), and sarcopenia (p = 0.50). 47 strictures, 18 fistulae, and seven abscesses were identified. Fistulae were more likely to occur in patients with CrF (odds ratio [OR] 5.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76-14.56; p=<0.001) and high VAT/SAT ratio (OR: 3.82, 95% CI 1.34-10.85; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Body composition measurements in CD patients displayed no statistically significant difference between the groups of inflammatory and complicated disease. Nonetheless, CD patients stratified in the group of high VAT/SAT ratio and the presence of CrF should be recognized as risk groups for the occurrence of fistulae.
Assuntos
Doença de Crohn , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Doença de Crohn/complicações , Doença de Crohn/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Índice de Massa CorporalRESUMO
PURPOSE: Image-guided interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy (iBT) has been demonstrated to offer high local tumor control rates (LTC) of >90% after local ablation of intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; BCLC B and C). The purpose of this study was to show the efficacy of iBT stratified by subgroups and to identify clinical characteristics associated with superior local tumor control (LTC) based on a highly heterogenous patient population METHODS AND MATERIALS: A cumulative number of 286 HCC nodules in 107 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and imaging follow-ups were conducted every 3 months after treatment. Analyzed clinical factors were: etiology, presence of liver cirrhosis, radiographic features, lesion size, pretreatment, administered dose, presence of portal hypertension, portal vein thrombosis, and level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). RESULTS: LTC rate was 88.8% for a median follow-up of 14.3 months (range 3-81 months; 95% CI: 85-92%). Median minimal enclosing tumor dose (D100) was 16.1 Gy (range 7.1-30.3 Gy; reference dose 15 Gy). Subgroup analysis showed significant fewer local recurrences for alcoholic liver disease (ALD)-related HCCs compared to those related to other causes of liver cirrhosis (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, virus-related liver cirrhosis and other causes) (pâ¯=â¯0.015). LTC was significantly lower after prior surgical resection (pâ¯=â¯0.046). No significant variance was observed for the applied D100 in each group or for all other clinical factors tested. CONCLUSIONS: IBT achieves high LTC rates across treated subgroups. However, further studies should particularly address the possible impact of underlying etiology on local recurrence with emphasis on a possible higher radiosensitivity of ALD-related HCCs.