Rhodium-Catalyzed ß-Acylalkylation of Allylbenzene Derivatives with Allyl Alcohols via C-C Bond Cleavage.

We report here a deallylative ß-acylalkylation reaction of allylbenzene derivatives with allyl alcohols in the presence of Cp*Rh catalysts. Allylbenzenes possessing pyridyl and pyrazolyl directing groups were converted to ß-aryl ketones via the cleavage of C(aryl)-C(allyl) bonds. Synthesis of a quinoline derivative from a ß-aryl ketone product bearing a pyrazolyl group was also achieved.

Tubulointerstitial B-cell infiltration and tertiary lymphoid tissue in adult-onset immunoglobulin A vasculitis with nephritis.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine tubulointerstitial B-cell infiltration in patients with adult-onset immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) and nephritis (IgAV-N), and to evaluate whether B-cell infiltration correlated with clinicopathological variables at kidney biopsy and with short-term renal outcomes. METHODS: Twenty patients with adult-onset IgAV-N and 10 control patients with thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) were retrospectively examined. The lymphatic organization was graded based on B-cell infiltration and was classified into 4 groups: 0-T cells without B cells, 1-scattered B and T cells, 2-clustered B and T cells, and 3-nodular compartmentally arranged B- and T-cell aggregates, equivalent to tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT). RESULTS: The B-cell infiltration grade was significantly higher in patients with IgAV-N than in patients with TBMN, and no age differences were observed. The B-cell infiltration grade in patients with IgAV-N was significantly correlated with age, serum IgA level, renal dysfunction, and tubulointerstitial injury parameters, but was not correlated with duration after purpura or glomerular injury parameters. Most patients with IgAV-N were treated with corticosteroids. The proteinuria level was significantly decreased, but renal function was not improved in 12 patients after the 24-month follow-up compared with the values at baseline. The B-cell infiltration grade was significantly correlated with renal dysfunction after 24 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The B-cell infiltration grade in patients with IgAV-N was associated with renal dysfunction and tubulointerstitial injuries but not with glomerular injury parameters. B-cell infiltration and TLT might have a pathologically significant role in irreversible renal dysfunction in patients with early phase adult-onset IgAV-N.

Pyuria without Casts and Bilateral Kidney Enlargement Are Probable Hallmarks of Severe Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Acute Pyelonephritis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The patient was a 38-year-old man who had experienced nausea and fever for a few days and presented with back pain, oliguria, and pyuria, suggesting acute pyelonephritis (APN). He showed acute kidney injury (AKI) with bilateral kidney enlargement and was using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). AKI-induced by APN was confirmed by kidney biopsy. The AKI was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy. A search of the relevant literature for reports on histopathologically-proven APN-induced severe AKI revealed that the key characteristics were bilateral kidney enlargement with pyuria without casts. Oligoanuria was frequently associated with APN-induced severe AKI, and NSAID use may be a possible risk factor. Prompt antibiotic treatment based on the clinical characteristics of APN-induced AKI can improve the renal outcome.

Catalytic, Directed C-C Bond Functionalization of Styrenes.

A method for catalytic conversion of C(aryl)-C(alkenyl) bonds in styrene derivatives to new C-C bonds is developed. In the presence of a rhodium catalyst, the alkenyl groups of styrenes bearing a pyrazolyl directing group were efficiently converted to other carbon substituents upon reacting with various alkenes including styrenes, aliphatic alkenes, and allyl alcohols. It is also indicated that the C-C bond cleavage proceeded via a hydrometalation/ß-carbon elimination pathway.

A Patient with MPO-ANCA-positive IgA Nephropathy Diagnosed with the Clinical Onset of Macrohematuria.

A 21-year-old woman presented with renal dysfunction during macrohematuria. A kidney biopsy revealed IgA nephropathy with a small percentage of crescent formation and macrohematuria-associated tubular injury. Macrohematuria-associated acute kidney injury could explain her renal dysfunction. However, she was seropositive for myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and showed fibrin deposition around one arteriole. Corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil were administered as for ANCA vasculitis, and the serum creatinine, abnormal urinalysis and MPO-ANCA titer all gradually ameliorated. The presence of extra-glomerular vasculitis, which was probably induced by ANCA, suggested that MPO-ANCA was an exacerbating factor for her prolonged renal dysfunction. This condition has so far only rarely been addressed in ANCA-positive IgA nephropathy.

Clinicopathological Implications of Proteinuria after Long-Term Isolated Hematuria due to Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

A 45-year-old obese man presented with persistent hematuria for 21 years. At the age of 37, he developed hypertension and proteinuria which later increased up to 1.6 g/g creatinine. Kidney biopsy revealed thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which explained his urinary abnormalities. Although a subgroup of TBMN can be complicated by FSGS, his FSGS was associated with obesity because of its histological features. Reduction of body weight and increasing a dose of angiotensin-receptor blocker could transiently reduce the amount of proteinuria. Clinicopathological implications of proteinuria after long-term hematuria by TBMN and FSGS were further discussed.