[Detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis species specific antigens and antibodies to alpha-toxin in the blood of patients with pneumonia]. / Vyiavlenie vidospetsificheskikh antigenov Staphylococcus aureus i Staphylococcus epidermis, a takzhe antitel k alfa-toksinu v syvorotkakh bol'nykh pnevmoniei.

Test systems for indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test for detection of S. aureus and S. epidermidis teichoic acids and S. aureus alpha-toxin in patients' sera have been developed on the basis of immunoglobulins isolated from monospecific sera. Test system for IHA test for detection of antitoxin in donor and patients' sera has been created on the basis of highly purified alpha-toxin. Thirty donor sera and 61 sera from patients with pneumonia were analyzed. Low antibody levels in the patients may be due to the fact that the sera were collected during the first days of disease. Group of patients with high content of staphylococcal antigens and antitoxin in the blood was particularly interesting. These patients developed severe pneumonia, among whose etiological agents were S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Diagnostic analysis of patients' sera by IHA test for detection of staphylococcal antigens was more effective, accurate, and rapid in comparison with the bacteriological method; moreover, it confirmed the significance of staphylococci in the pathogenesis of pneumonia.

[The clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of the combined use of diaphragmatic electrostimulation and ultrasonic inhalation in patients with obstructive bronchitis]. / Klinicheskaia i patofiziologicheskaia kharakteristika sochetannogo primeneniia élektrostimuliatsii diafragmy i ul'trazvukovoi ingaliatsii u bol'nykh obstruktivnym bronkhitom.

Efficiency of diaphragm electrostimulation (DES) in combination with ultrasound inhalations (USI) was tried in 172 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) in the exacerbation phase. They were divided into 3 groups by the degree of respiratory distress (RD) and circulatory insufficiency (CI). Group 1 consisted of 61 patients with RD of the first degree, group 2--of 57 patients with RD of the second degree and CI stage I, group 3--of 54 patients with RD of the second degree and CI stage IIA. Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups exposed to DES + USI, USI, DES (subgroups 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Before and after the treatment, the patients underwent spirography, ECG, stimulation electromyography of the diaphragm, x-ray of the chest. Positive effects of DES + USI were reported on respiration mechanics, diaphragm contractility, pulmonary ventilation, function of the bronchopulmonary system and diaphragm. This combination promoted also deeper inhalation of the aerosol, faster relief of clinical symptoms. DES in COB patients is contraindicated unless bronchospasm is properly reduced.

[Assessment of tissue microcirculation in patients with aseptic necrosis of femur heads in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)]. / Otsenka tkanevoi mikrotsirkuliatsii u bol'nykh s asepticheskim nekrozom golovok bedrennykh kostei pri sistemnoi krasnoi volchanke.

AIM: To study microcirculation in the tissues above the hip joints with and without aceptic necrosis of the femur head for diagnosis of necrosis stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 22 SLE patients were examined for blood flow above the region of affected and intact (control) hip joints using clearance of Xe-133 from the intratissue deposit. Basal circulation and factors of its regulation were investigated with laser dopplerflowmetry. RESULTS: Effective skin blood flow above the hip joints with necrosis stage I significantly differed from that of the control. Basal skin blood flow above the hip joints in suspected stage I of aceptic necrosis differed significantly from the control and that in stage II osteonecrosis. CONCLUSION: The study of tissue microcirculation above the hip joints in SLE patients with aceptic necrosis of the femur heads allows making diagnosis both at early and late stage of osteonecrosis.

[Corticosteroid therapy and aseptic bone necrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. / Kortikosteroidnaia terapiia i asepticheskie nekrozy kostei u bol'nykh revmatoidnym artritom.

Two groups of RA patients were compared: 102 patients with osteonecrosis of the head of the femur (group 1) and 50 patients free of it (group 2). Group 1 patients had bilateral lesion of the hip joints (28% of cases), unilateral osteonecrosis of knee joint in 14.5% and bilateral in 2.9% of the patients. Unilateral humeral osteonecrosis occurred in 17.6%, bilateral in 4.9% of patients. Extra-articular manifestations of RA (lymphadenopathy, renal lesions and Cushing's syndrome) were diagnosed more frequently in group 1. Progression of osteonecrosis is related to a mean maximal day dose of prednisolone in the first month of therapy.

[Treatment of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Sposob lecheniia bolnykh khronicheskim obstruktivnym bronkhitom.

As shown in a trial in 172 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis suffering from respiratory trouble, chronic cor pulmonale, circulatory insufficiency, combined application of electrical stimulation of the diaphragm with ultrasonic inhalations is much more effective than separate use of these two modalities which, when used together, potentiate positive and abate side effects of each other. The method is simple in application, reduces the duration of the hospital stay, prevents incapacitation.

[The microcirculatory bed of the myocardium in experimental embolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery]. / Sostoianie mikrotsirkuliatornogo rusla miokarda pri éksperimental'noi émbolii vetvei legochnoi arterii.

Experiments were conducted on rabbits to appraise the condition of the myocardial microcirculatory channel (MCC) in embolism of branches of the pulmonary artery and to determine the dynamics of changes in the MCC with explanation of the mechanisms of their compensation. Mobilization of nonfunctioning capillaries in the healthy myocardium was revealed in the early postembolism period. Compensatory reaction of the thebesian drainage from the 1st to 7th day after the embolism was demonstrated. Ultrastructural changes of the myocardial MCC were found in embolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery. Vulnerability of the posterior parts of the left-ventricular myocardium and the anterior wall of the right ventricle in relation to insufficiency of coronary blood supply in embolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery was noted.

[Immunofluorescence study of reactions between the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and components of connective tissue cellular elements]. / Izuchenie reaktsii syvorotki bol'nykh revmatoidnym artritom s komponentami kletochnykh élementov soedinitel'noi tkani metodom immunofliuorestsentsii.

By means of immunofluorescence using sera against three classes of human immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA), localization of the components (or one of the components) responsible for reaction of sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with connective tissue antigens was found to be in the cytoplasm of different kinds of cell elements of the connective tissue present in joints. Sera from RA patients collected at different stages of the disease reacted with connective tissue cell elements in titers of 1 : 64 to 1 : 1024, whereas sera from normal subjects (in 33% of specimens) reacted only to 1 : 8--1 : 16.