[CHRONOBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF THE ABOVE-GROUND PART OF AGRIMONIA PILOSA L. IN RATS.]

It is established that lithium is accumulated in the above-ground part of agrimony (Agrimoniapilosa L.), the aqueous extract of which exhibits lithium-specific chronobiological activity in rats. The chronobiological study was carried out during the winter solstice on 40 adult male rats divided into three groups: control (intact animals treated with purified water and the extract purified from lithium) and two test groups. Animals in the test groups were administered the aqueous extract of A. pilosa in the morning (8.00 am) and evening (19.00 pm) in amount corresponding to receiving lithium hydroxybutyrate in a dose of 10 mg/kg (p.o.). From the sixth to seventh day of experiment, without canceling this treatment, pilot testing (open field test, rectal temperature measurement) was started at 9 am and continued every 4 h over a period of 48 hours. The primary chronograms were statistically processing by analysis of variance, spectral analysis, and cosinor analysis. The quantitative determination of lithium in the above-ground part of A. pilosa L., its extract and brain of animals was carried out by flame photometry on a SOLAAR Series S spectrometer (Thermo Scientific Co., United States) equipped with a flaming atomizer operating in increased deuterium background correction emission mode. It was found that aqueous extract of the above-ground part of A. pilosa L. contained up to 8.5 ± 0.4 µg/g lithium; in the extract purified by ion-exchange chromatography, this amount was reduced to 1.4 ± 0.2 pg/g. All control animals exhibited external and internal desynchronism. Under the action of herbal extract, the daily dynamics of behavioral activity and rectal temperature in animals acquired a rhythmic character and became consistent with the external day-night cycle.

[Reactivity of the central nervous system influences the sensitivity of secretory cells of the stomach to carbacholine and glycyl-proline (Gly-Pro)].

In experiments using cluster analysis of the behavioral activity of rats in the "open field" test, the animals were divided into three groups with different types of behavior and response to the first presentation of the test: (i) active-search (all the studied reactions are expressed), (ii) intermediate, and (iii) passive-defensive (lowest level of activity). Differences in the indices of carbacholine-stimulated gastric secretion in rats of different groups were manifested by greater secretion of the stomach and lower digestive capacity of gastric juice observed in rats with active-search and intermediate types of behavior in the "open field" test in contrast to rats with passive-defensive type. Combined administration of cholinomimetic and glycyl-proline (Gly-Pro) lead to decreased proteolytic activity of gastric juice in rats with active-search behavior in the "open field" test, decreased volume of gastric secretion in rats with an intermediate type of behavior, and increased volume of juice and its decreased digestive ability in rats with passive-defensive behavior.

[THE INFLUENCE OF LEU-ENKEPHALIN AND MEDICAL PLANTS ON MOTOR ACTIVITY OF STOMACH IN DOGS].

The aim of the real research was a study influence of leu-enkephalin and extracts from the leaves of goose-grass large, of burdock of felted and root of chicory on the motor function of stomach for dogs. The study was carried out on 6 outbred dogs-males, by mass 14-17 kg, with the fistula of stomach by Basov. A leu-enkephalin ("Vector", Russia) was entered intravenously in a dose 7 mcg/kg. The corresponding plant-based preparations entered perorally during 10-14 days to beginning of experiments, on an empty stomach, in a volume a no more than 20 ml. Experiments put in a morning clock, in 16-18 hours after eating, after the careful washing of stomach. For 30 mines to the record of motive activity of stomach an animal was enter a peptide or gave a corresponding extract as water or spirit infusion. At the choice of doses of vegetable preparations came from the before obtained data about the antiulcerous action of the used plants. The conduct of peptide rendered considerable stimulant influence on motor activity of stomach, that was expressed in the increase of period of work and increase of force of reductions especially tonic. All used plants preparations rendered modulating influence on motive activity of stomach. Changes consisted in strengthening of tonic and oppressing of phase component. The most considerable decline of amount of phase reductions caused application of extract of goose-grass. Not only an amount but also force of phase reductions diminished thus. An extract from the root of chicory less considerably reduced the arnount of Phase reJuctions, but here substantially increased their force. All used herbal medicines stimulated tonic activity. Thus, peptide and all studied herbal medicines stimulated motion activity of the stomach that could cause acceleration of evacuation of food to duodenum. Such effect should be considered while choosing the medicine for correction of stomach functional activity.

[Treatment of surgical stress response by neuroleptics, leu-enkephalin, glycyl-proline dipeptide, and electroanesthesia in experimental animals].

We have studied the effects of chlorpromazine, acepromazine, droperidol, and transcranial electroanesthesia upon evacuation function of the stomach in piglets and the effects of leu-enkephalin and glycyl-proline upon secretory activity of the stomach in dogs and rats during surgical stress to optimize anesthetic dosage. All pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical methods of anesthesia used in the experiments were implemented by actiovating stress-limiting systems in post-operational period. Leu-enkephalin, apart from stimulating the stress-limiting factors of neurohumoral systems of the organism, shifted the vector ratio of aggressive and protective factors of gastric mucosa toward strengthening of the latter. The opposite trends of changes in the secretory activity of the stomach of rats in response to surgical stress can be leveled using glycyl-proline as a component of anesthesia.

Optimization of parameters of physiological systems in animals under conditions of experimental stress exposure.

Physiological and biomedical experiments were performed. We estimated the parameters of tree main levels of physiological systems as a response of an organism to stress. Mechanisms of physiological defense of an organism against stress should be considered systemically. The response of physiological systems of animal organism was modeled by the activation of latent functional reserves by various exposures to stress (abdominal surgery, cranial electrotherapy stimulation, cranial electrotherapy stimulation with simultaneous administration of droperidol, aminazine, vetranquil, and carbacholine).

[Leu-enkephalin modulates gastric secretion activated by various stimulants].

The results of chronic experiments on dogs showed that leu-enkephalin in doses 1, 7, and 9 microg/kg produced different effects on the gastric secretion and excretion on the background of various stimulants. The maximum protective effect of opiate was produced in a dose of 7 microg/kg. The peptide effect depended on the gastric secretion stimulator used: on the background of carbachol and pentagastrine, the activity of acidic and peptic factors was decreased and the protective factors of gastric juice were increased. In the case of histamine, leu-enkephalin increased the juice acidity and mucus secretion, but decreased the activity of pepsin and the excretion of ammonia from the stomach.

[Preventive and post-stressor effects of Gly-Pro on gastric secretion in dogs].

In dogs with initially high level of gastric secretory activity (stimulated by carbachol), both preliminary and post-stressor infusion of glycilproline (Gly-Pro) (i) increased the gastric juice volume, the acidity, and the rate of hydrogen ion production inhibited by stress and (ii) potentiated the stress-induced decrease in the proteolytic activity. In the animals with initially low level of gastric secretion, the preliminary introduction of Gly-Pro led to an increase in the gastric juice volume, while the post-stress treatment reduced the juice volume, the acidity, the rate of production of active hydrogen ions (increased by immobilization). In both groups of animals, an increase in the content of fucose was observed in experiments with preliminary introduction of Gly-Pro.