First record of the genus Dolichosoma Stephens (Coleoptera, Dasytidae) from China, with two newly-recorded species.

Background: Dolichosoma Stephens, 1830 is small genus belonging to the tribe Dasytini of the family Dasytidae (Coleoptera, Cleroidea), with two subgenera and five species hitherto known. It is widespread in the Palearctic Region of Eurasia, but has never been reported from China until now. New information: The genus Dolichosoma Stephens, 1830 is reported from China for the first time, with discoveries of two newly-recorded species, including D. (Dolichomorphus) femorale Morawitz, 1861 and D. (Dolichosoma) lineare (Rossi, 1794) from Xinjiang Autonomous Region. They are re-described in detail and illustrated with habitus, ultimate abdominal tergites and sternites and genitalia of both sexes, as well as tarsal claws of male. In addition, a macrohabitat photograph and a distribution map of the two species occurring in China are provided.

First record of the genus Pectapalochrus Tshernyshev, 2016 (Coleoptera, Malachiidae) from China.

Background: Pectapalochrus Tshernyshev, 2016 is a small genus belonging to the tribe Apalochrini in the family Malachiidae (Coleoptera, Cleroidea), with four currently known species: P.omega (Evers, 1965) from Mongolia, P.armenus (Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1978) from Armenia, P.pictus (Motschulsky, 1860) from Russia and P.pectinicornis (Erichson, 1840) from Russia and Mongolia. New information: Pectapalochrus Tshernyshev, 2016 is newly recorded from China upon the discovery of P.omega (Evers, 1965) from Ningxia Autonomous Region. The morphological characters of the adult are re-described in detail with illustrations of external appearance and relevant characters.

First record of the genus Sceloattalus Wittmer, 1966 (Coleoptera, Malachiidae) from China, with description of a new species.

The genus Sceloattalus Wittmer, 1966 is recorded from China for the first time. A new species, S.nigroprominens Tong & Yang, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Xizang Autonomous Region of China. This new species is the fourth member of Sceloattalus and can be easily distinguished from others by the yellow antennae with a small black spot at apex of last antennomere, black elytra without metallic lustre, all tarsi yellow, and hind tibiae yellow to black. The generic diagnosis of Sceloattalus is resummarized. An identification key to all known species of Sceloattalus is also updated.

The Coupling and Coordinated Development of Green Builds and Financial Development in China.

As a labor-intensive industry with a strong industrial driving force and high-technology integration, green buildings offer some comparative advantages. Driven by the concept of green development, green buildings are ushering in a period of opportunity for integrated development among multiple fields. Therefore, this research will select the panel data of the financial industry and the green buildings industry in 2014 and 2018, respectively, in 31 provinces in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) and, through the method of factor analysis, will innovatively construct a financial industry development index and a green building Development Index for each province in China. Through the coupling coordination model, it studies the development level of the financial industry and green buildings in various provinces, in order to deeply explore the path and mechanism of coordinated development between the two. The results show that the financial industry and green buildings in the eastern coastal areas have a high level of coupling, and the coupling and coordinated development have a greater degree of correlation. The potential for coupling and coordination in Central China is developing for the better, while volatility in the Northeast and Northwest regions is relatively large. From the time dimension angle, the degree of coupling and coordination between green buildings and the financial industry in China is generally low, and in the transitional stage, from the brink of unbalanced development to a primary stage of coordinated development. Accordingly, this paper proposes that local government should pay attention to the coordination relationship between green buildings and financial industry development and formulate a coordination mechanism between their growth according to local conditions, so as to promote the correct interactive advancement of the two.

Knowledge Reuse of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Cooperative Tasks.

With the development and appliance of multi-agent systems, multi-agent cooperation is becoming an important problem in artificial intelligence. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is one of the most effective methods for solving multi-agent cooperative tasks. However, the huge sample complexity of traditional reinforcement learning methods results in two kinds of training waste in MARL for cooperative tasks: all homogeneous agents are trained independently and repetitively, and multi-agent systems need training from scratch when adding a new teammate. To tackle these two problems, we propose the knowledge reuse methods of MARL. On the one hand, this paper proposes sharing experience and policy within agents to mitigate training waste. On the other hand, this paper proposes reusing the policies learned by original teams to avoid knowledge waste when adding a new agent. Experimentally, the Pursuit task demonstrates how sharing experience and policy can accelerate the training speed and enhance the performance simultaneously. Additionally, transferring the learned policies from the N-agent enables the (N+1)-agent team to immediately perform cooperative tasks successfully, and only a minor training resource can allow the multi-agents to reach optimal performance identical to that from scratch.

First record of the genus Troglocollops (Coleoptera, Malachiidae) from China, with description of a new species.

The genus Troglocollops Wittmer, 1965 is reported from China for the first time. A new species is described and illustrated under the name Troglocollops (Troglocollopsoides) sinicus Tong & Yang, sp. nov. from Xinjiang, China. This new species can be easily distinguished from other species of Troglocollops by the body coloration (pronotum yellow with a black longitudinal stripe in the middle, elytra black with blue metallic lustre and yellow margination of apices), antennomere 1 somewhat smaller than 3, and endophallus with five strong spines and two groups of small spines near apex. An identification key to all known species of Troglocollops is updated.

A contribution to the genus Romattalus Tshernyshev, 2021 (Coleoptera, Malachiidae).

The genus Romattalus Tshernyshev, 2021 is recorded from China for the first time. A new species, Romattalus flavojubatus Tong & Yang, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Xizang, China. This new species is the second member of Romattalus and differs from R. dudkoi Tshernyshev, 2021 by the male sexually dimorphic pronotum possessing tufts of long pendent yellow hairs on lateral sides, and the shape of aedeagus, which is subparallel-sided at basal 2/3 in ventral view, then progressively narrowed apically, while in R. dudkoi, pronotum mixed with brown and yellow hairs, and the aedeagus distinctly swollen in middle part and widest at apical 1/4 part.

A review of the genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg, 2004 from China (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

In the present study, the taxonomy of the genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg, 2004 from China is revised. The number of Chinese species of Sasajiscymnus was increased from thirty-five to sixty-four. Twenty-seven species are newly described: S. fusinus sp. nov., S. acutus sp. nov., S. cultratus sp. nov., S. subulatus sp. nov., S. lishanicus sp. nov., S. striatus sp. nov., S. wuliangshan sp. nov., S. aureus sp. nov., S. longus sp. nov., S. latus sp. nov., S. obliquus sp. nov., S. niganulus sp. nov., S. maculatus sp. nov., S. variabilis sp. nov., S. flexus sp. nov., S. sagittalis sp. nov., S. robustus sp. nov., S. atypicus sp. nov., S. intricatus sp. nov., S. pseudoamplus sp. nov., S. flavostictus sp. nov., S. falcatus sp. nov., S. parallelus sp. nov., S. tumidus sp. nov., S. guniujiang sp. nov., S. applanatus sp. nov., S. cuonaicus sp. nov. Two species are newly recorded from China: S. ocelliferus (Canepari, 1997) and S. nepalicus (Miyatake, 1985). Pseudoscymnus hamatus (Yu & Pang, 1993) is transferred to Sasajiscymnus (comb. nov.). Five species groups of Chinese Sasajiscymnus are proposed for the first time: S. sylvaticus species group, S. hareja species group, S. atypicus species group, S. amplus species group and S. kurohime species group. Keys to the species groups of Sasajiscymnus, as well as to species level within each species group are provided. Furthermore, maps of the species distribution and detailed descriptions to fifty-nine species are also given.

The suppression effect of emotional contagion in the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-layer hybrid modelling and simulation approach.

The entire world has suffered a lot since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2019, so simulation models of COVID-19 dynamics are urgently needed to understand and control the pandemic better. Meanwhile, emotional contagion, the spread of vigilance or panic, serves as a negative feedback to the epidemic, but few existing models take it into consideration. In this study, we proposed an innovative multi-layer hybrid modelling and simulation approach to simulate disease transmission and emotional contagion together. In each layer, we used a hybrid simulation method combining agent-based modelling (ABM) with system dynamics modelling (SDM), keeping spatial heterogeneity while reducing computation costs. We designed a new emotion dynamics model IWAN (indifferent, worried, afraid and numb) to simulate emotional contagion inside a community during an epidemic. Our model was well fit to the data of China, the UK and the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. If there weren't emotional contagion, our experiments showed that the confirmed cases would increase rapidly, for instance, the total confirmed cases during simulation in Guangzhou, China would grow from 334 to 2096, which increased by 528%. We compared the calibrated emotional contagion parameters of different countries and found that the suppression effect of emotional contagion in China is relatively more visible than that in the US and the UK. Due to the experiment results, the proposed multi-layer network model with hybrid simulation is valid and can be applied to the quantitative analysis of the epidemic trends and the suppression effect of emotional contagion in different countries. Our model can be modified for further research to study other social factors and intervention policies in the COVID-19 pandemic or future epidemics.

A contribution to the genus Sphaeroplotina Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Plotinini).

The genus Sphaeroplotina Miyatake, 1969 is reviewed. Sphaeroplotina hainanensis Miyatake, 1969 is redescribed and Sphaeroplotina varimarginata Tong Wang sp. nov. is described as new to science. Both species are illustrated. A diagnosis of the genus is provided. A key and a distribution map of the known species are also presented.

Three new species of Shirozuella Sasaji (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China.

Three new species of Shirozuella Sasaji, 1967 are described from Yunnan, China, Shirozuella flavosemiovata sp. n., Shirozuella limbata sp. n. and Shirozuella poststigmaea sp. n. A distribution map, diagnoses and detailed descriptions for these new species are provided. A key to the known species from China is updated.