Apically extruded debris during the removal of canal filling material from root canals using three techniques.

AIM: In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the single-cone technique (SCT), cold lateral compaction (CLC), and wave vertical compaction (WVC) technique performed using two different sealers on the amount of apically extruded debris (AED) produced during the removal of canal filling material. METHODS: Ninety extracted mandibular premolars were prepared with ProTaper instruments. The teeth were then randomly assigned to six groups (N = 15) for root canal filling: (a) group 1, CLC+AH Plus; (b) group 2, SCT+AH Plus; (c) group 3, WVC+AH Plus; (d) group 4, CLC+MTA Fillapex; (e) group 5, SCT+MTA Fillapex; and (f) group 6, WVC+MTA Fillapex. In all groups, the removal of canal filling material was performed with ProTaper retreatment instruments. The mean weight of the AED was assessed with an analytical balance. RESULTS: The amount of AED was lowest in groups 2 and 5 (P < .05), with no difference between these groups (P > .05). Groups 3 and 6 produced the greatest amount of extruded debris (P < .05); there was no difference between these groups (P > .05). Additionally, there was no difference between groups 1 and 4 (P > .05). There was no significant difference among the groups regarding sealer type (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The canal filling technique used affected the amount of AED produced during the removal of canal filling material, but not sealer type.

The effect of blood contamination on dislocation resistance of different endodontic reparative materials.

This study evaluated the retention characteristics of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), RetroMTA, Supra MTA, and Biodentine biomaterials used to repair furcation perforations contaminated with blood. Furcal perforations measuring 1.3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height were created in 96 mandibular first molar teeth, which were then randomly divided into the following two groups (n = 48): contaminated (+) or non-contaminated (-) with blood. The groups were subdivided into four groups (n = 12) according to the material used (ProRoot MTA, RetroMTA, Supra MTA, and Biodentine) to seal the perforations. The samples were allowed to set for 14 days and were then subjected to push-out testing. The results were analyzed using ANOVA, and the failure modes were examined using a surgical microscope. ProRoot MTA (+/-) and RetroMTA (+/-) exhibited superior bond strength values; in addition, there were no significant differences among these groups (P > 0.05). Biodentine (+) showed intermediate values that were sometimes statistically similar to the ProRoot MTA (+/-) and RetroMTA (+/-) groups (P > 0.05) and, at other times, the Biodentine (-) and Supra MTA (+/-) groups (P > 0.05). The lowest bond strength values were shown by the Biodentine (-) and Supra MTA groups (P > 0.05). "Adhesive failure mode" was the most frequently observed type for all tested materials. Blood contamination did not affect the dislocation resistance of materials.

Effectiveness of different irrigation procedures for removal of dentin debris from a simulated internal resorption cavity.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of different final irrigation techniques to remove artificially placed dentinal debris from a simulated internal root resorption (IRR) cavity. METHODS: Seventy teeth were prepared using the ProTaper system. The roots were then split longitudinally into two halves, in each of which standardized IRR cavities were prepared. Five teeth were set aside to serve as negative control group. Each cavity of the remaining 65 teeth was filled with dentin debris mixed with 2.5% NaOCl. Another 5 teeth (positive control) were not subjected to the debris removal procedure. Sixty teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 15), according to the final irrigation technique used: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and the EndoActivator (EA). Ten milliliters of 2.5% NaOCl was used during the debris removal procedure. The root halves were disassembled, and the amount of remaining debris was evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. RESULTS: SAF and PUI removed debris significantly better than CSI and EA (P<.05). CSI was the least effective in debris removal (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: None of the irrigation techniques used was able to completely remove debris from simulated IRR cavities.

Effectiveness of tenoxicam and ibuprofen for pain prevention following endodontic therapy in comparison to placebo: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Tenoxicam is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent for symptomatic treatment of various conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinically the effectiveness of prophylactic tenoxicam and prophylactic ibuprofen in reducing post-endodontic pain compared with placebo. A total of 48 patients consented to a double-blind, single dose, prophylactic oral administration of 20 mg of tenoxicam, 200 mg of ibuprofen, or a placebo before root canal treatment. The root canal treatment was performed in one visit. The patients registered their degree of discomfort on a 100-mm visual analog scale, immediately postoperative, and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after initiation of root canal treatment. The two-way ANOVA test and Tukey HSD post hoc test showed that in the 6-h period, both 20 mg of tenoxicam and 200 mg of ibuprofen provided significantly better pain relief than the placebo. Prophylactic administration of a single dose of 20 mg tenoxicam or 200 mg ibuprofen before RCT provides an effective reduction at 6 h (P < 0.05). Because of the advantages of tenoxicam, it may be useful as a prophylactic analgesic when post-endodontic pain is anticipated.