Scoping study of definitions of social participation: update and co-construction of an interdisciplinary consensual definition.

BACKGROUND: considering the importance of social participation for quality of life and active ageing in older adults, it is an important target of social and health professionals' interventions. A previous review of definitions of social participation in older adults included articles up to 2009; new publications and changes in the social context (e.g. social media and the COVID-19 pandemic) justify continuing this work. OBJECTIVE: this paper provides an updated inventory and synthesis of definitions of social participation in older adults. Based on a critical review by content experts and knowledge users, a consensual definition is proposed. METHODS: using a scoping study framework, four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycInfo) were searched with relevant keywords. Fifty-four new definitions were identified. Using content analysis, definitions were deconstructed as a function of who, how, what, where, with whom, when, and why dimensions. RESULTS: social participation definitions mostly focused on people's involvement in activities providing interactions with others in society or the community. According to this new synthesis and input from content experts and knowledge users, social participation can be defined as a person's involvement in activities providing interactions with others in community life and in important shared spaces, evolving according to available time and resources, and based on the societal context and what individuals want and is meaningful to them. CONCLUSION: a single definition may facilitate the study of active ageing and the contribution of older adults to society, socioeconomic and personal development, benefits for older adults and society, self-actualisation and goal attainment.

The role of industry in improving quality of life for persons with an ostomy: a Canadian consensus.

Financial and clinical resources (which include 260 enterostomal therapy nurses nationwide) to provide clinical and rehabilitative expertise to the estimated 50,000 to 60,000 Canadians living with an ostomy are limited. Hence, many persons with an ostomy fall through the cracks in the early pre- and postoperative period or are lost to follow-up afterdischarge. Problems and issues related to ostomy management continue to surface throughout their lives. As a result,the time required for rehabilitation is often lengthy, affecting the person's quality of life. The First Canadian Enterostomal Therapy Nurses' Advisory Council consisting of 10 Canadian enterostomal therapy nurses met in February 2004 to identify key issues and concerns for Canadians living the ostomy experience and to identify gaps in information and services available before surgery, during the immediate postoperative period, and as the time from surgery lengthened and patients moved through age-related life issues. The two most important gaps identified were the development of quality, pertinent resources and the dissemination of those resources. The Council also identified potential strategies to bridge these gaps, including utilizing the resources of manufacturer Customer Service departments to follow a communications protocol to provide information to patients, retailers, and providers. Finally, a process map from which individual ostomy manufacturers can build programs and processes for improving patient/provider/manufacturer communication was developed.

L'influence du type de situation sur la compétence sociale: etude de comparaison sociale / Influence of the type of situation over social competence: a study of social comparison

A competência social varia em função do diagnóstico e das situações. O comportamento de pacientes com distúrbios mentais graves (esquizofrênicos, n=30 e pacientes com distúrbios afetivos, n=11) foi comparado com o de um grupo da população em geral(n=26), em oito role plays da escala de Avaliação Ecológica das Habilidades Sociais (Tremblay et Bandeira, 1991). Os resultados mostram que os níveis de competência dos três grupos são paralelos, o que indica que essas oito situações sociais apresentam um nível de dificuldade intrínsica. As situações que permitem distinguir melhor os grupos clínicos do grupo não-clínico são aquelas nas quais o sujeito deve iniciar a interação em um contexto de neutralidade afetiva. Ao contrário do que se esperava, verificou-se que são as situações mais fáceis que possuem o grau de discriminação mais elevado para distinguir os sujeitos clínicos dos não-clínicos. As características específicas das situações sociais devem, portanto, ser levadas em conta para melhorar o impacto do treinamento das habilidades sociais(AU)

Competencia social de psicoticos: um estudo de validacao social

Esta pesquisa utiliza a estrategia de validacao social com o objetivo de estabelecer empiricamente criterios pertinentes para o treinamento da competencia social de pacientes psiquiatricos, dentro do contexto de desinstitucionalizacao. Para isso, avaliou-se o grau de competencia social de 35 psicoticos desinstitucionalizados, comparativamente a 35 individuos de um grupo de referencia nao clinico. O grau de competencia social foi avaliada atraves da observacao e cotacao do comportamento dos sujeitos, no desempenho de papeis em quatro situacoes cotidianas de interacao social, usando-se para isto a Escala de Avaliacao de Habilidades Sociais (EAHS). Os resultados mostram que ambos os grupos apresentam baixo grau de competencia social em cada situacao, tendo o grupo clinico um escore significativamente menor. Os resultados sao discutidos em termos da necessidade de se utilizar o treinamento da competencia social na reabilitacao de pacientes psiquiatricos, a fim de facilitar sua reinsercao social e destaca, em particular, a necessidade de se adaptar os objetivos deste treinamento aos padroes de competencia social do seu grupo de referencia.