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Sci Rep ; 9(1): 18547, 2019 12 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31811229

RESUMO

Membrane integral ATP synthases produce adenosine triphosphate, the universal "energy currency" of most organisms. However, important details of proton driven energy conversion are still unknown. We present the first high-resolution structure (2.3 Å) of the in meso crystallized c-ring of 14 subunits from spinach chloroplasts. The structure reveals molecular mechanisms of intersubunit contacts in the c14-ring, and it shows additional electron densities inside the c-ring which form circles parallel to the membrane plane. Similar densities were found in all known high-resolution structures of c-rings of F1FO ATP synthases from archaea and bacteria to eukaryotes. The densities might originate from isoprenoid quinones (such as coenzyme Q in mitochondria and plastoquinone in chloroplasts) that is consistent with differential UV-Vis spectroscopy of the c-ring samples, unusually large distance between polar/apolar interfaces inside the c-ring and universality among different species. Although additional experiments are required to verify this hypothesis, coenzyme Q and its analogues known as electron carriers of bioenergetic chains may be universal cofactors of ATP synthases, stabilizing c-ring and prevent ion leakage through it.


Assuntos
ATPases Mitocondriais Próton-Translocadoras/ultraestrutura , Proteínas de Plantas/ultraestrutura , Estrutura Quaternária de Proteína , Trifosfato de Adenosina/biossíntese , Cloroplastos/enzimologia , Coenzimas/metabolismo , Cristalografia por Raios X , ATPases Mitocondriais Próton-Translocadoras/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Conformação Proteica , Subunidades Proteicas/metabolismo , Spinacia oleracea/enzimologia , Ubiquinona/metabolismo
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