[Evaluation of amyxin effect in prophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infections]. / Otsenka profilakticheskogo éffekta amiksina v otnoshenii ostrykh respiratornykh virusnykh infektsii.

The results of the evaluation of the oral inductor of endogenic interferon (amyxin), manufactured in Russia are presented. The use of amyxin was found to produce a drop in morbidity in acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) among medical workers 3.4 times, i.e. the preparation exhibited a pronounced prophylactic effect with respect to ARVI. The use of the preparation was accompanied by a decrease in the number of manifest forms of ARVI. Persons given the preparation often had ARVI in a mild or asymptomatic form.

[The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of diphtheria in adults]. / Klinicheskie proiavleniia, diagnostika i lechenie difterii u vzroslykh.

Diphtheria morbidity among adult population of Moscow is growing. The tests of different modes and schemes of heterogeneous antidiphtheria serum administration have found out that the highest efficacy of serotherapy was achieved with a single intravenous dose. Another treatment of diphtheria is hemosorption. Widely used in present-day clinical practice hemosorbents provide adequate elimination of the toxin from plasma. The authors analyse the present situation in clinical symptoms, complications, lethality of diphtheria basing on the data provided by S. P. Botkin's Hospital.

[Use of immunoenzyme analysis in the rapid diagnosis and study of the characteristics of circulating O-antigen in biological fluids of patients with acute dysentery Sonne]. / Ispol'zoavanie immunofermentnogo analiza v ékspress-diagnostike i izuchenii osobennostei tsirkuliatsii O-antigena v biologicheskikh zhidkostiakh bol'nykh ostroi dizenteriei zonne.

The data on the clinical approval of the original enzyme immunoassay system for the determination of somatic O-antigen in the blood serum and urine of patients with acute Sonne dysentery are presented. The level of the antigen determined in the biological fluids of patients has been shown to depend on the severity of the disease. Different types of dynamic curves, reflecting the level of O-antigen in the biological fluids of patients with acute Sonne dysentery and characteristic of different clinical forms of the disease, have been established.

[An immunoenzyme method for determining the O-antigen of Sonne's shigella with the use of affinity isolated antibodies]. / Immunofermentnyi metod opredeleniia O-antigena shigell Zonne s ispol'zovaniem affinno vydelennykh antitel.

The sensitivities of ELISA systems for assays of Shigella sonnei O-antigen, developed on the basis of specific rabbit antibodies isolated from antisera by different chromatography techniques have been compared. The highest specificity and sensitivity of O-antigen determination (0.5-1 ng/ml) is achieved when using affinity-isolated antibodies to O-antigen. Clinical trials of this ELISA system have been carried out.

[Free-radical oxidation of blood plasma lipids in patients with acute intestinal infections]. / Svobodnoradikal'noe okislenie lipidov plazmy krovi u bol'nykh ostrymi kishechnymi infektsiiami.

Blood plasma free radical lipid oxidation was studied in 98 patients with acute dysentery (AD) and 64 patients with food toxinfection (FTI). Free radical lipid oxidation was assessed by the intensity of chemiluminescence and the level of lipid peroxides. Activation of blood plasma lipid peroxidation was established with relation to a clinical variant of the disease. The effect of indomethacin on the parameters of free radical lipid oxidation was noted in patients with AD and FTI.

[Effect of indomethacin on the daily catecholamine excretion and on the rheographic and capillaroscopic indices of salmonellosis patients]. / Issledovanie vliianiia indometatsina na sutochnuiu ékskretsiiu katekholaminov, pokazateli reografii i kapilliaroskopii u bol'nykh sal'monellezom.

A total of 127 patients with salmonellosis were studied for the effect of the disease severity on the central and peripheral hemodynamics, and catecholamine excretion. Introduction of indomethacin into a complex of treatment measures resulted in a more rapid recovery of the parameters of the central and peripheral hemodynamics and made catecholamine excretion return to normal.

[The role of prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of the Shwartzman phenomenon]. / O roli prostaglandinov v patogeneze fenomena Shvartsmana.

Schwartzman's phenomena, namely local and generalized reactions (SLR and SGR) were reproduced in two groups of rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg. Use was made of endotoxin S. typhimurium obtained by the method of Bowen. Before endotoxin injection half of the animals of each group were given indomethacin (10 mg/kg). The coagulograms and thromboelastograms were examined after each endotoxin injection. Light and electron microscopy were used to study the animals' kidneys. Animals with the SLR and SGR demonstrated marked changes in the coagulogram and thromboelastogram characteristic of the development of the disseminated intravascular blood coagulation syndrome (DIC-syndrome). Animals' kidneys, particularly those in SGR, manifested gross structural and ultrastructural disorders, pronounced changes in microcirculation. Administration of indomethacin prevented the development of the DIC-syndrome. Besides, microscopic examination of the kidneys did not show fibrin release to the microcirculatory bloodstream. The data obtained indicate that the changes in hemostasis occurring in the SLR and SGR and microcirculatory disorders in the kidneys are linked with a dramatic intensification of prostaglandin synthesis, that develops in response to endotoxin injection.

[Role of arachidonic acid in platelet aggregation induced by S. typhimurium endotoxin]. / K voprosu o roli arakhidonovoi kisloty v agretatsii trombotsitov, vyzvannoi éndotoksinom S. typhimurium.

The platelet aggregation reaction was used to assess the influence of arachidonic acid (AA), endotoxin (E) S. typhimurium and ADP on platelet aggregation properties. All the three substances induced platelet aggregation. A higher degree of aggregation was attained by the application of E combined with AA and ADP as compared with the effects produced by E and ADP alone. Prolonged incubation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples with E led to an essential decrease of the aggregation degree on ADP addition. Incubation of PRP samples with E and ADP did not evoke any analogous decrease in the platelet aggregation degree. The data obtained indicate that AA stimulates platelet aggregation induced by E and ADP.

[Changes in the nephron and neuroendocrine apparatus of the kidneys following the administration of Salmonella endotoxin]. / Izmeneniia nefrona i neiroéndokrinnykh apparatov pochek posle vvedeniia sal'monelleznogo éndotoksina.

Electron microscopy was used to examine renal glomerules and tubules, as well as the renal neuro-endocrine apparatus 3 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg S. typhimurium endotoxin. The studies demonstrated swelling and vacuolization of the endothelial cells and an increase in the glomerular capillaries of the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with lysosomal sequestration and fibrin emergence 3 hours after endotoxin injection, intravascular coagulation, accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the peritubular capillaries, fat dystrophy of the mesangial cells and nephrocytes in the proximal tubules after 24 hours. The method for mathematical estimation of granulation in the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), designed by the authors, from the density of the contents of epithelioid cell granules enabled the detection of JGA activation, particularly 24 hours after endotoxin injection. The reduction of the number of granules in the interstitial cells of the renal medulla might be due both to JGA activation and endotoxin action that stimulates the synthesis of prostaglandins.