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BACKGROUND: In an aging society, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for super-elderly patients is commonly performed in clinical practice. However, data are scarce regarding the clinical features and outcomes of this population. METHODS: This multicenter observational study enrolled patients aged over 90â¯years who underwent PCI across 10 hospitals between 2011 and 2020. The study included patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The occurrence of all-cause and cardiac deaths during hospitalization and after discharge was investigated. RESULTS: In total, 402 patients (91.9⯱â¯2.0â¯years, 48.3â¯% male) participated in the study, of whom 77.9â¯% presented with ACS. The rate of in-hospital death was significantly higher in patients with ACS compared to patients with CCS (15.3â¯% vs. 2.2â¯%, pâ¯<â¯0.001). The estimated cumulative incidence rates of all-cause death were 24.3â¯%, 39.5â¯%, and 60.4â¯% at 1, 3, and 5â¯years, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the occurrence of all-cause death between patients with ACS and CCS. Regarding causes of death after discharge, non-cardiac deaths accounted for just over half of the cases. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the clinical features and long-term clinical course of patients aged over 90â¯years who underwent PCI in a real-world setting. Patients presenting with ACS exhibited a higher rate of in-hospital mortality compared to those with CCS. Following discharge, both ACS and CCS patients experienced comparable and substantial increases in the incidence rates of both cardiac and non-cardiac mortality over time, and a more holistic management approach is warranted.
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Background: Mushroom poisoning caused by the ingestion of Russula subnigricans has been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis and cardiac dysfunction, leading to death. There have been few reports of cardiogenic shock induced by mushroom poisoning that was successfully treated using mechanical circulatory support devices. Case Summary: A 38-year-old man presented with gastrointestinal symptoms a day after consuming a curry made with forest-collected mushrooms and was admitted with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Despite appropriate fluid management for severe rhabdomyolysis, the patient experienced anuria and cardiogenic shock with a remarkably reduced left ventricular ejection function, followed by the development of ventricular fibrillation. Mechanical support using Impella CP, veno-arterial extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (VA-ECMO), and continuous haemodiafiltration were administered for cardiogenic shock and severe rhabdomyolysis. His cardiac and renal function gradually improved, and the patient was successfully weaned off VA-ECMO on day 4, Impella CP on day 5, and renal replacement therapy on day 23. The left ventricular ejection fraction returned to normal without any neurological, respiratory, or renal sequelae. The remaining mushroom samples were identified as R. subnigricans by polymerase chain reaction testing. Discussion: This is the first reported case of cardiogenic shock caused by R. subnigricans poisoning, successfully treated with Impella CP and VA-ECMO. The optimal use of mechanical circulatory support devices plays an important role in the treatment of cardiogenic shock caused by mushroom toxicity.
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BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with poor prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker for renal injury. However, the association between urinary NGAL concentrations and renal and cardiovascular events in patients with CKD undergoing PCI has not been elucidated. This study investigated the clinical impact of urinary NGAL concentrations on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-dialysis CKD undergoing PCI. METHODSâANDâRESULTS: We enrolled 124 patients with non-dialysis CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) undergoing elective PCI. Patients were divided into low and high NGAL groups based on the median urinary NGAL concentration measured the day before PCI. Patients were monitored for renal and cardiovascular events during the 2-year follow-up period. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that the incidence of renal and cardiovascular events was higher in the high than low NGAL group (log-rank P<0.001 and P=0.032, respectively). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that urinary NGAL was an independent risk factor for renal (hazard ratio [HR] 4.790; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.537-14.924; P=0.007) and cardiovascular (HR 2.938; 95% CI 1.034-8.347; P=0.043) events. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary NGAL could be a novel and informative biomarker for predicting subsequent renal and cardiovascular events in patients with CKD undergoing elective PCI.
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Biomarcadores , Lipocalina-2 , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Humanos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Lipocalina-2/urina , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/urina , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Biomarcadores/urina , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Fatores de Risco , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
With the increasing frequency of heart failure (HF) in elderly patients, polypharmacy has become a major concern owing to its adverse outcomes. However, reports on the clinical impact of polypharmacy and discharge medications in hospitalized super-aged patients with acute HF are rare. Data from 682 patients aged 80 years or older, hospitalized for treating acute HF, were analyzed. We recorded the number of medications at discharge and classified them into three groups: HF, non-HF cardiovascular, and non-cardiovascular medications. We investigated the correlation of polypharmacy, defined as daily administration of 10 or more medications at discharge, and the use of discharge medications with post-discharge prognosis. Polypharmacy was recorded in 24.3% of enrolled patients. Polypharmacy was not an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, the incidence of cardiac-related death, or HF-associated rehospitalization; however, the number of non-cardiovascular medications, multiple usage of potentially inappropriate medications, use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and doses of loop diuretics were associated with poor prognosis. Polypharmacy was significantly associated with higher mortality in patients with Barthel index ≥ 60 at discharge; hence, physical function at discharge was useful for the stratification of prognostic impacts of polypharmacy. The current study demonstrated that polypharmacy was not essentially associated with poor prognosis in super-aged patients with acute HF. Appropriate medications that consider the patient's physical function, rather than polypharmacy itself, are important for the management of HF.
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Insuficiência Cardíaca , Alta do Paciente , Polimedicação , Humanos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/mortalidade , Insuficiência Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Masculino , Prognóstico , Doença Aguda , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Japão/epidemiologia , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores EtáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The proportion of young females among the patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is relatively small, and information on their clinical characteristics is limited. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors for future cardiac events in young females who underwent PCI. METHODS: This multicenter observational study included 187 consecutive female patients aged < 60 years who underwent PCI in seven hospitals. The primary composite endpoint was the incidence of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 52.1 ± 6.1 years and 89 (47.6%) had diabetes, and renal dysfunction (an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) was observed in 38 (20.3%). During a median follow-up of 3.3 years, the primary endpoint occurred in 28 patients. The Cox proportional hazards models showed that renal dysfunction was an independent predictor for the primary endpoint (hazard ratio 3.04, 95% confidence interval 1.25-7.40, p = 0.01), as well as multivessel disease (hazard ratio 2.79, 95% confidence interval 1.12-6.93, p = 0.03). Patients with renal dysfunction had a significantly higher risk for the primary endpoint than those without renal dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Renal dysfunction was strongly associated with future cardiac events in young females who underwent PCI.
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Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Humanos , Feminino , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Incidência , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/cirurgia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/epidemiologia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/mortalidade , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Prognóstico , Japão/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Fatores Etários , Seguimentos , Adulto , Fatores Sexuais , Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Oral health problems are common and are associated with various geriatric conditions in older adults. The importance of oral health has not been fully highlighted in the assessment and management of patients with heart failure. Here, we investigated the association between oral health status and the decline in physical function during hospitalization in elderly patients with acute heart failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated oral health using the revised oral assessment guide in 77 patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to hospital for acute heart failure. Oral health problems were defined as a revised oral assessment guide score ≥9. RESULTS: Oral health problems were identified in 66.2% of the patients. Patients with oral health problems had high prevalence of decreased physical function, undernutrition, and cognitive impairment. A reduction in the Barthel Index, as an indicator of activities of daily living during hospitalization, was significant in the enrolled patients. The Barthel Index decreased more in patients with oral health problems than those with normal oral health. Furthermore, the revised oral assessment guide score on admission was found to be the only independent predictor of changes in the Barthel Index during hospitalization in the multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Oral assessment using the revised oral assessment guide during hospitalization could provide useful information for the management of elderly heart failure patients.