RESUMO
Skin barrier function (SBF) disorders are a class of pathologies that affect a significant portion of the world population. These disorders cause skin lesions with intense itch, impacting patients' physical and psychological well-being as well as their social functioning. It is in the interest of patients that their disorder be monitored closely while under treatment to evaluate the effectiveness of the ongoing therapy and any potential adverse reactions. Symptom-based assessment techniques are widely used by clinicians; however, they carry some limitations. Techniques to assess skin barrier impairment are critical for understanding the nature of the disease and for helping personalize treatment. This review recalls the anatomy of the skin barrier and describes an atomic-force microscopy approach to quantitatively monitor its disorders and their response to treatment. We review a panel of studies that show that this technique is highly relevant for SBF disorder research, and we aim to motivate its adoption into clinical settings.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Bases de Dados Factuais , Rosácea , Humanos , Rosácea/epidemiologia , Rosácea/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , AdolescenteRESUMO
Contact dermatitis (CD) is a common and burdensome condition divided into irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. Treatment relies on accurate diagnosis and identification of the trigger, because definitive treatment is irritant or allergen avoidance. However, avoidance is not always possible, such as when the patient is reacting to a necessary medical device, when the trigger is integral to the patient's occupation, and when avoidance is practically untenable. In these cases, treatment is particularly challenging, especially because the literature on treatments in this clinical scenario is limited. In addition, CD has a complex pathophysiology that varies according to the trigger type, leading to variable treatment efficacy. This article reviews the current literature on treatments for CD with a focus on treatments when trigger avoidance is not feasible.
Assuntos
Alopecia em Áreas , Isquemia Miocárdica , Humanos , Alopecia em Áreas/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/epidemiologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Based on a potential shared pathophysiology tied to mast cell activity and neurogenic inflammation that may link pruritus and chronic cough (CC), this study, leveraging the All of Us database, examines the association between the two conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A nested case-control comparison was used to examine the association, identifying cases with SNOMED codes 418363000 (pruritus) and 68154008 (CC). Matching was performed on a 1:4 ratio by age, sex, and ethnicity using the MatchIt package in R, followed by maximum likelihood method to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals from 2x2 contingency tables. RESULTS: CC patients (n = 2,388) were more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with pruritus (OR: 2.65) and pruritus patients (n = 22,496) were more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with CC (OR: 2.57), than respective matched controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the potential bidirectional relationship between CC and pruritus, suggesting possible shared immune and neural pathways. Treatments like difelikefalin and nalbuphine that modulate these pathways, alongside P2X3 targeting agents, are emerging as potential therapeutic approaches for itch and chronic cough given the possible interconnected pathophysiology. This study's insights into the associations between pruritus and CC may pave the way for targeted therapeutic strategies that address their shared mechanisms.
Assuntos
Tosse , Prurido , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prurido/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doença Crônica , Tosse/etiologia , Tosse/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados Unidos , Adulto , Bases de Dados Factuais , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Tosse CrônicaAssuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Rosácea , Humanos , Rosácea/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Idoso , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Melanoma case reports show variations in treatment by age and sex.
Assuntos
Bibliometria , Melanoma , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Etários , Melanoma/patologia , Melanoma/epidemiologia , Melanoma/terapia , Fatores Sexuais , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Relatos de Casos como AssuntoRESUMO
This cross-sectional study characterizes the frequency and degree of innovation of new dermatologic drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from 2012 to 2022.
Assuntos
Aprovação de Drogas , Estados Unidos , Humanos , United States Food and Drug Administration , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
This study demonstrated the value of using electrical impedance spectroscopy in primary care to manage and diagnose pigmented skin lesions.