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Vertical integration models aim for the integration of services from different levels of care (e.g., primary, and secondary care) with the objective of increasing coordination and continuity of care as well as improving efficiency, quality, and access outcomes. This paper provides a view of the Portuguese National Health Service (NHS) healthcare providers' vertical integration, operationalized by the Portuguese NHS Executive Board during 2023 and 2024. This paper also aims to contribute to the discussion regarding the opportunities and constraints posed by public healthcare organizations vertical integration reforms. The Portuguese NHS operationalized the development and generalization of Local Health Units management model throughout the country. The same institutions are now responsible for both the primary care and the hospital care provided by public services in each geographic area, in an integrated manner. This 2024 reform also changed the NHS organic and organizational structures, opening paths to streamline the continuum of care. However, it will be important to ensure adequate monitoring and support, with the participation of healthcare services as well as community structures and other stakeholders, to promote an effective integration of care.
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Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Portugal , Humanos , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Medicina Estatal/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Continuidade da Assistência ao PacienteRESUMO
Schiff bases represent a valuable class of organic compounds, synthesized via condensation of primary amines with ketones or aldehydes. They are renowned for possessing innumerable applications in agricultural chemistry, organic synthesis, chemical and biological sensing, coating, polymer and resin industries, catalysis, coordination chemistry, and drug designing. Schiff bases contain imine or azomethine (-C=N-) functional groups which are important pharmacophores for the design and synthesis of lead bioactive compounds. In medicinal chemistry, Schiff bases have attracted immense attention due to their diverse biological activities. This review aims to encompass the recent developments on the antimicrobial activities of Schiff bases. The article summarizes the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities of Schiff bases reported since 2011.
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Introduction: Oral cancer refers to malignant tumors, of which 90% are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). These malignancies exhibit rapid progression, poor prognosis, and often mutilating therapeutical approaches. The determination of a prophylactic and/or therapeutic antitumor role of the polyphenolic extract Polypodium leucotomos(PL) would be relevant in developing new tools for prevention and treatment. Methods: We aimed to determine the antitumor effect of PL by treating OSCC cell lines with PL metabolites and evaluating its action during OSCC progression in vivo. Results: PL treatment successfully impaired cell cycling and proliferation, migration, and invasion, enhanced apoptosis, and modulated macrophage polarization associated with the tumoral immune-inflammatory response of tongue cancer cell lines (TSCC). PL treatment significantly decreased the expression of MMP1 (p < 0.01) and MMP2 (p < 0.001), and increased the expression of TIMP1 (p < 0.001) and TIMP2 (p < 0.0001) in these cells. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition phenotype was promoted in cells treated with PL, through upregulation of E-CAD (p < 0.001) and reduction of N-CAD (p < 0.05). PL restrained OSCC progression in vivo by inhibiting tumor volume growth and decreasing the number of severe dysplasia lesions and squamous cell carcinomas. Ki-67 was significantly higher expressed in tongue tissues of animals not treated with PL(p < 0.05), and a notable reduction in Bcl2 (p < 0.05) and Pcna (p < 0.05) cell proliferation-associated genes was found in dysplastic lesions and TSCCs of PL-treated mice. Finally, N-cad(Cdh2), Vim, and Twist were significantly reduced in tongue tissues treated with PL. Conclusion: PL significantly decreased OSCC carcinogenic processes in vitro and inhibited tumor progression in vivo. PL also appears to contribute to the modulation of immune-inflammatory oral tumor-associated responses. Taken together, these results suggest that PL plays an important antitumor role in processes associated with oral carcinogenesis and may be a potential phytotherapeutic target for the prevention and/or adjuvant treatment of TSCCs.
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Clinical presentation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatric immunosuppressed patients is unknown. Emerging data describe a milder or asymptomatic course in children compared with adults in this scenario. We present the seroprevalence and clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 in a prospective cohort of 114 immunosuppressed children and adolescents from three groups: kidney transplantation, liver transplantation, and cancer patients. Among the thirty-five (30.7%) patients who had a positive serological test for SARS-CoV-2, 77% did not report previous symptoms and none of them developed any complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after 30 or more days of follow-up. Among those who were symptomatic, diarrhea, fever, and cough were the most common findings.Conclusion: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is high among immunosuppressed children and adolescents. COVID-19 has a mild or asymptomatic course in most of these patients. What is Known: ⢠The number of immunosuppressed patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is increasing. ⢠Viral infections have the potential for greater severity in immunocompromised children. What is New: ⢠Seroprevalence for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in immunocompromised pediatric patients was 31%. ⢠A quarter of the serology-positive patients reported mild symptoms and none of them developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019.
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COVID-19 , Neoplasias , Transplante de Órgãos , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estudos Prospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória SistêmicaRESUMO
Introduction: The human body is colonized by trillions of microbial cells, called the microbiota. The microbiome is defined as microbial cells and their genomes. Vaginal microbiota, especially lactic acid bacteria (mainly Lactobacillus sp.), seem to play a critical role in the prevention of various urogenital diseases such as bacterial vaginosis, fungal infections, sexually transmitted diseases, urinary tract infections, and human papillomaviridae (HPV) infections. Changes in the vaginal microbiome contribute to the development of precancerous cervical lesions. Objective: To evaluate studies associating the vaginal microbiota with HPV, including the risk and persistence of infection and evolution to squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix. Methods: A systematic review was conducted based on articles published between September 2011 and September 2019, using the following keyword combinations: "HPV [All Fields] AND "microbiota" [MeSH Terms] OR "microbiota" [All Fields] OR "microbiome" [All Fields])." The keyword search was performed in the MEDLINE, Latin American, and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), Cochrane Library, Highwire Stanford, and Embase databases. Results: In total, 239 original articles published between 2011 and 2019 were found in the researched databases on microbiome/microbiota and HPV. After exclusion, only six articles remained. Conclusion: There is a relationship between HPV and the cervicovaginal microbiota, but the mechanism of this influence cannot be specified.
Introdução: O corpo humano é colonizado por trilhões de células microbianas, denominadas microbiota. Microbioma é definida como células microbianas e seus genomas. A microbiota vaginal, especialmente as bactérias produtoras de ácido lático (principalmente Lactobacillus sp.), parece desempenhar um papel crítico na prevenção de várias doenças urogenitais, como a vaginose bacteriana, infecções fúngicas, doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, infecções do trato urinário e infecção pelo Papilomavírus humano (HPV). As alterações no microbioma vaginal parecem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de lesões cervicais pré-cancerosas. Objetivo: Avaliar estudos que associem a microbiota vaginal ao risco de infecção por HPV, sua persistência e evolução para lesões escamosas intraepiteliais do colo do útero. Métodos: Esta é uma revisão sistemática desenvolvida com base em artigos publicados entre setembro de 2011 e setembro de 2019, usando as seguintes combinações de palavras-chave: "HPV" [Todos os Campos] AND ("microbiota" [Termos MeSH] OU "microbiota" [Todos os Campos] OU "microbioma" [All Fields]) nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs), Cochrane Library, Highwire Stanford e Embase. Resultados: Entre 2011 e 2019, foram encontrados 239 artigos originais nas bases de dados pesquisadas sobre microbioma/microbiota e HPV. Desse total, após o uso dos critérios de exclusão, restaram apenas seis artigos. Conclusão: Existe uma relação entre o HPV e a microbiota cervicovaginal, mas não foi possível especificar qual mecanismo está envolvido.
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Humanos , Feminino , Vagina/microbiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Microbiota , Vagina/patologia , Vagina/virologia , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/patologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Este trabalho teve como meta ilustrar um caso clínico que oferece noções da sequência clínica e alguns passos explicativos das fases laboratoriais para a aplicação do processo de eletroerosão em infraestruturas de próteses protocolo fresadas pelo sistema CAD/CAM, colaborando com a literatura e clínicos interessados, dando um diagnóstico da situação atual do tema. O trabalho executado atendeu às expectativas de estética da paciente e aos anseios profi ssionais em relação à passividade clínica obtida pela prótese.
This article aimed to illustrate a case that off ers notions of the clinical and laboratorial steps of the spark erosion technique in implant-supported metallic CAD/CAM milled frameworks and thus contribute to literature and clinicians interested in that, providing a diagnosis of the current status of the subject. The work performed met the expectations of the patient's aesthetic desires and professionals wishes towards the clinical passivity in the prosthesis.
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Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho Assistido por Computador , Implantes Dentários , Prótese Dentária Fixada por Implante , Reabilitação BucalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Brazil is facing, since October of 2015, an outbreak of microcephalic fetuses. This outbreak is correlated with the beginning of circulation of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the country. Although it is clear that the size of the head is diminished in these fetuses, the brain phenotype associated with these malformations is unknown. METHODS: We collected computed tomography images of the microcephaly cases from the region of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, from September 2015 to February 2016. FINDINGS: The microcephalies derived from the current outbreak are associated with intracerebral calcifications, malformation of the ventricular system, migratory disorders in the telencephalon and, in a lower frequency, malformation of the cerebellum and brainstem. DISCUSSION: The characteristics described herein are not usually found in other types of microcephaly. We suggest that this work can be used as a guideline to identify microcephaly cases associated to the current outbreak.
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INTRODUCTION: Experiences of clinical and nonclinical learning environments, as well as assessment and study environments influence student satisfaction with their medical schools. Student-tutor ratios may impact on their perception of clinical learning environments. The aim of this study was to analyze medical students' satisfaction and student-tutor ratios in relation to medical schools' number of admissions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was created, regarding learning, assessment and study environments in eight medical schools. 2037 students participated in this cross-sectional study. Cronbach' alpha (internal consistency) was calculated and principal component analysis was conducted. Pearson correlations and multiple comparisons were analyzed. RESULTS: Assessment environments showed the highest satisfaction scores and clinical learning environments the lowest scores. The national student-tutor ratio in clinical rotations is 7.53; there are significant differences among schools. Institutions with higher number of admissions showed the lowest scores of overall student satisfaction (r = -0.756; p < 0.05), which decreased with progression in the medical course. High student-tutor ratios are strongly correlated with low levels of satisfaction regarding clinical learning environments (r = -0.826; p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: Clinical learning environments show the lowest satisfaction scores, which may expose the effect of high ratios in clinical rotations. Depending on the number of admissions, significant differences between medical schools were found. Quality of teaching-learning strategies and articulation with hospitals might also be important variables. CONCLUSION: Medical schools with more admissions might be more susceptible to lower scores of student satisfaction. High student-tutor ratios in clinical rotations may reduce the quality of learning experiences and inhibit the acquisition of competences.
Introdução: Os ambientes de ensino clínico e não clínico, bem como as condições de avaliação e estudo, influenciam a satisfação estudantil com as Escolas Médicas. Os rácios estudante-tutor podem ter impacto na perceção sobre o ensino em meio clínico. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a satisfação dos estudantes de Medicina e os rácios estudante-tutor em relação com o número de admissões das Escolas Médicas. Materiais e Métodos: Foi criado um questionário sobre os ambientes de aprendizagem, avaliação e estudo em oito Escolas Médicas, distribuído a 2037 estudantes. Calculou-se o alfa de Cronbach (consistência interna) e executou-se uma análise de componentes principais. Resultados: Condições de avaliação obtiveram os melhores resultados de satisfação, enquanto o ensino em meio clínico revelou as menores pontuações. O rácio estudante-tutor nacional em disciplinas clínicas (7,53) traduz diferenças significativas entre Escolas. Instituições com maior número de admissões evidenciam resultados inferiores de satisfação estudantil (r= -0,756; p < 0,05), com redução progressiva ao longo do curso. Elevados rácios estão correlacionados com baixa satisfação com o ensino em meio clínico (r= -0,826; p < 0,05). Discussão: O ensino em meio clínico evidencia menor satisfação estudantil, traduzindo os elevados rácios em disciplinas clínicas. Dependendo do número de admissões, existem diferenças significativas entre Escolas. A qualidade das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e articulação hospitalar podem igualmente ser variáveis importantes. Conclusão: As Escolas com maior número de admissões podem ser mais suscetíveis a baixos resultados de satisfação estudantil. Elevados rácios estudante-tutor em disciplinas clínicas podem reduzir a qualidade do ensino em meio clínico e inibir a aquisição de competências.
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Educação Médica , Docentes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Satisfação Pessoal , Critérios de Admissão Escolar/estatística & dados numéricos , Faculdades de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Portugal , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Resumo A doença cística da adventícia é uma entidade rara que acomete principalmente a artéria poplítea. A ocorrência em veias é muito rara, e sua etiologia é desconhecida. Clinicamente, apresenta-se como isquemia, trombose ou dor a depender do território acometido. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente masculino jovem referindo nódulo no braço esquerdo. A angiorressonância magnética do membro mostrou lesão cística em contato com a veia basílica, com conteúdo homogêneo e sem realce pós-contraste. Foi realizada ressecção da lesão em bloco com o segmento venoso envolvido. O estudo anatomopatológico foi sugestivo de cisto de adventícia de veia basílica.
Abstract Cystic adventitial disease is a rare entity that most often involves the popliteal artery. It rarely occurs in veins. Its etiology is unknown. Clinically, it presents with ischemia, thrombosis or pain, depending on the vessel affected. Here we present the case of a young male with a nodule in the left arm. Magnetic resonance angiography showed a cystic lesion in contact with the basilic vein, with homogenous content without post-contrast enhancement. The lesion was resected en bloc together with the venous segment involved. The results of microscopic analysis were suggestive of basilic vein cystic adventitial disease.
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cisto Epidérmico/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Poplítea/anatomia & histologia , Artéria Poplítea/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Objectives:To assess the prevalence of polyps in patients with a family history of colorectal cancer, in comparison to asymptomatic individuals with indication for screening. Methods: A prospective study in a group of patients who underwent colonoscopy between 2012 and 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I: no family history of colorectal cancer, and Group II: with a family history in first-degree relatives. Demographic characteristics, findings on colonoscopy, presence, location and histological type of polyps were evaluated, comparing the two groups.Results: 214 patients were evaluated: 162 in Group I and 52 in Group II. The distribution of patients with polyps was similar in relation to gender: polyps were evidenced in Group I in 33 (20%) female patients vs. 10 (6%) male patients (p= 1.00); in Group II, the presence of polyps was evidenced in 9 (17%) female patients vs. 2 (4%) male patients (p= 1.00). Polypoid lesions were found in 54 patients (25%), with 43 (26%) in Group I and 11 (21%) in Group II. The prevalence of adenomas was similar in both groups (Group I = 18/37% vs. Group II = 10/50%) (p= 0.83).Conclusion: In this preliminary study, no correlation was found between prevalence of polyps and a family history of colorectal cancer. (AU)
RESUMO: Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de pólipos em pacientes com história familiar de câncer colorretal comparando com indivíduos assintomáticos com indicação para rastreamento. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo realizado em um grupo de indivíduos submetidos à colonoscopia entre 2012 e 2014. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo I: sem história familiar de câncer colorretal e Grupo II: com história familiar em parentes de primeiro grau. Avaliaram-se características demográficas, achados na colonoscopia, presença, localização e tipo histológico dos pólipos, comparando os dois grupos. Resultados: Foram avaliados 214 pacientes, 162 incluídas no grupo I e 52 no grupo II. A distribuição dos pacientes com pólipos foi similar em relação ao sexo, sendo evidenciado pólipos no Grupo I em 33 (20%) pacientes do sexo feminino vs. 10 (6%) masculino (p = 1,00) e no Grupo II, presença de pólipos em pacientes do sexo feminino em 9 (17%) vs. 2 (4%) masculino (p = 1,00). Foram encontradas lesões polipóides em 54 pacientes (25%), sendo 43 (26%) no grupo I e 11 (21%) no grupo II. A prevalência de adenomas foi similar em ambos os grupos (Grupo I = 18/37% vs. Grupo II = 10/50%) (p = 0,83).Conclusão: Neste estudo inicial, não foi encontrada correlação entre a prevalência de pólipos e o histórico familiar de câncer colorretal. (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Retais , Pólipos do Colo/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo , Anamnese , Pólipos do Colo/patologia , ColonoscopiaRESUMO
Este artigo descreveu a filosofia de tratamento para a reposição de um incisivo central com implante em carga imediata em alvéolo pós-extração, com preenchimento do gap vestibular através do enxerto xenógeno Geistlich Bio-Oss Collagen. O bom planejamento sobre o posicionamento palatino do implante, preservação alveolar, preenchimento do gap com um biomaterial de baixa taxa de reabsorção, desenho adequado do implante e o manejo da coroa provisória sobre o implante torna possível a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios, controlados clinicamente e tomograficamente durante dez meses, onde foi possível observar a manutenção do material de enxertia e, portanto, a arquitetura gengival...
This article describes the treatment philosophy for replacement of an upper central incisor with immediate implant loading in a fresh-extraction socket, being the gap filled with Bio-Oss Collagen. Implant palatal positioning, alveolar preservation, a low resorption biomaterial for gap filling, adequate implant design, and the management of provisional crown led to satisfactory results after 10 months of clinical and CBCT controls, with the maintenance of graft and gingival architecture...
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Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante Ósseo , Implantes Dentários , Estética Dentária , Carga Imediata em Implante Dentário , Cirurgia BucalRESUMO
Background. An adequate blood flow is directly related to graft survival in living donor liver transplantation. However, in some cases, unfavorable conditions prevent the use of the hepatic artery for arterial reconstruction. Herein, we report a case in which the recipient right gastroepiploic artery was used as an option for arterial reconstruction in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Case Report. A 62-year-old woman, with cirrhosis due to hepatitis B associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, was submitted to living donor liver transplantation. During surgery, thrombosis of the hepatic artery with intimal dissection until the celiac trunk was observed, which precluded its use in arterial reconstruction. We decided to use the right gastroepiploic artery for arterial revascularization of the liver graft. Despite the discrepancy in size between donor hepatic artery and recipient right gastroepiploic artery, anastomosis was performed successfully. Conclusions. The use of the right gastroepiploic artery as an alternative for arterial revascularization of the liver graft in living donor liver transplantation should always be considered when the hepatic artery of the recipient cannot be used. For performing this type of procedure, familiarity with microsurgical techniques by the surgical team is necessary.
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A toxoplasmose é uma zoonose altamente disseminada. A maioria das infecções em imunocompetentes é assintomática. Porém, em pacientes imunodeprimidos, a infecção adquire um curso variável. Em pacientes com contagem de CD4 abaixo de 100 e que foram previamente expostos ao Toxoplasma gondii, pode haver reativação da doença em diversos tecidos. Envolvimento do trato gastrintestinal por Toxoplasma gondii é raramente relatado. Embora os sintomas gastrintestinais sejam comuns entre os pacientes com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, a maioria é causada por infecções entéricas que não o Toxoplasma gondii. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso raro de toxoplasmose gástrica. Paciente do gênero feminino, 38 anos, com diagnóstico recente de vírus da imunodeficiência humana, iniciou sintomas gástricos inespecíficos como: epigastralgia, náuseas, vômitos e perda ponderal. O diagnóstico definitivo foi fechado com o estudo anatomopatológico da lesão na mucosa gástrica. Foi instituído tratamento para a toxoplasmose com clindamicina, pirimetamina e ácido folínico (devido à mielotoxicidade), com melhora parcial dos sintomas. Embora raro, a toxoplasmose gástrica deve entrar no diagnóstico diferencial de dor epigástrica em pacientes portadores da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida com contagem de CD4 baixa. Seu diagnóstico presuntivo pode ser dado pelo quadro clínico, mas o diagnóstico definitivo é obtido pela biópsia da lesão...
Toxoplasmosis is a highly disseminated zoonosis. Most infections are asymptomatic in immunocompetent patients. However, in immunocompromised patients, infection acquires a variable course. In patients with CD4 counts lower than 100 and who have been previously exposed to Toxoplasma gondii, there may be reactivation of the disease in various tissues. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by Toxoplasma gondii is rarely reported. Although gastrointestinal symptoms are common among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, most are caused by enteric infections other than Toxoplasma gondii. The aim of this study was to report a rare case of gastric toxoplasmosis. A 38-year-old female patient, recently diagnosed with immunodeficiency human virus, presented with nonspecific gastric symptoms such as epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and weight loss. The definitive diagnosis was reached with anatomopathological examination of gastric mucosa damage. She was treated for toxoplasmosis with clindamycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid (due to myelotoxicity), with partial improvement of symptoms. Although rare, gastric toxoplasmosis should enter the differential diagnosis of epigastric pain in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with low CD4 count. Its presumptive diagnosis can be made on a clinical basis, but the definitive diagnosis is reached with biopsy...
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Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Gastropatias/parasitologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/parasitologia , Mucosa Gástrica/parasitologia , Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Toxoplasmose/parasitologiaRESUMO
Anatomical resection of segment VIII (SVIII) is one of the most difficult hepatectomies to perform. Although it is the best choice of surgical treatment for tumors located at SVIII, its feasibility can be compromised when the right hepatic vein (RHV) must be resected en bloc with SVIII. Herein we describe a case of a cirrhotic patient that was submitted to segmentectomy VIII in bloc with the main trunk of the RHV, due to hepatocellular carcinoma. The resection could only be performed because a well developed inferior right hepatic vein (IRHV) was present. Anatomical variations of the liver vascularization should be used by liver surgeons to improve surgical results.
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Nos últimos anos, o perfil dos pacientes que procuram o tratamento com implantes tem mudado. Cada vez mais, a preocupação com a estética e a exigência para que os dentes reabilitados tenham o aspecto dos dentes naturais é uma realidade. A associação entre técnicas clássicas, como a carga imediata, com técnicas mais recentes, como a instalação de implantes em regiões de alvéolo pós-extração e individualização das coroas sobreimplante, tem contribuído para suprir essa crescente demanda por estética na Implantodontia. Este artigo relata um caso clínico de reabilitação maxilomandibular com carga imediata superior e instalação de implantes imediatamente após a extração dos dentes, com individualização das coroas após o período de osseointegração. A instalação de implantes em alvéolos frescos em conjunto com a carga imediata das coroas provisórias possibilitou a obtenção de um resultado estético-funcional satisfatório que atendeu as expectativas do paciente
In the last years, the patient profile seeking for dental implant treatment has changed. Concerns around esthetics and the demand for more natural looking rehabilitated cases are real. The association between classic techniques (e.g., immediate loading) and recent protocols such as implant placement in fresh extraction sockets receiving implant-supported crowns has contributed to this phenomenon. This article illustrates a patient with a maxillomandibular rehabilitation being immediate-loaded in the maxillary arch, immediate implant placement after tooth extraction and single crowns after the osseointegration period. The proposed therapy generated an esthetic-functional outcome in accordance with patient expectations
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Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Implantes Dentários , Reabilitação Bucal , OsseointegraçãoRESUMO
A reabilitação de um dente perdido na região ântero-superior através da carga imediata é uma técnica de grande procura, porque alia as vantagens biológicas de se instalar o implante logo após a extração do dente com a comodidade de se restabelecer a estética, também de forma imediata. Porém, proporcionalmente às vantagens, os riscos também são grandes, especialmente por se tratar de uma área de grande exigência estética. Este artigo relata um caso clínico de reabilitação de um incisivo central superior perdido por fratura radicular, onde foi utilizada a técnica de carga imediata com instalação do abutment de zircônia para prótese cimentada no momento da cirurgia, visando aprimorar a técnica e melhorar o prognóstico para esses casos. A técnica possibilitou a redução no tempo de tratamento com mínimo trauma ao paciente, além disso, a utilização de um sistema metal-free possibilitou um excelente resultado estético e resposta biológica favorável.
The rehabilitation of a compromised tooth in the anterior esthetic zone through immediate loading has received great attention because it combines biological advantages of implant placement soon after tooth extraction along with immediate esthetics. However, the risks are great due to the great demand for esthetics in this region. A case report is presented where a maxillary central incisor was lost due to root fracture, with immediate implant placement and loading with a single crown cemented over a zirconia abutment to improve the surgical technique and prognosis in these cases Thus, minimal trauma and treatment time are reduced, with a metal-free system providing excellent esthetic results and favorable biological response.
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prótese Dentária , Prótese Dentária Fixada por Implante , Estética DentáriaRESUMO
Em próteses sobreimplante, um grande problema relacionado às coroas parafusadas é a presença do orifício de acesso ao parafuso protético que compromete a estética dessas coroas. Esses orifícios, frequentemente, apresentam-se fechados com resinas compostas cuja coloração se altera com o passar do tempo devido à infiltrações, gerando prejuízos à estética nessas regiões. Esse problema é ainda mais frequente na arcada inferior onde a oclusal dos dentes é mais evidente durante o sorriso. Os orifícios de acesso ao parafuso protético em coroas parafusadas sobreimplante influem grandemente na estética dessas coroas porque seu diâmetro mínimo mede 3 mm e corresponde a aproximadamente 50% da mesa oclusal de um molar e mais de 50% da mesa oclusal de um pré-molar inferior, fato que se agrava quando se utiliza implantes de plataforma larga (WP) de 5,0 mm cujo diâmetro do parafuso protético é ainda maior. Por isso a utilização de incrustrações de porcelana para o fechamento desses canais representa uma boa alternativa para casos de grande exigência estética. Os casos clínicos a seguir, mostram uma opção estética para o fechamento dos orifícios de acesso aos parafusos protéticos de coroas parafusadas com a cimentação de incrustrações (inlays) em cerâmica restabelecendo a anatomia oclusal.
For screw-retained, implant-supported prostheses, the screw-access hole (SAH) is an issue that compromises esthetic results. Frequently, those are sealed with composite resins with color changes over time due to marginal leakage resulting in poor outcomes. This problem is more evident in the mandibular arch with occlusal surfaces exposed on smiling. Its influence is significant because the screw hole diameter reaches 3 mm corresponding to 50% of the molar occlusal table and more than 50% for lower premolars, a fact aggravated by the abutment screw of wide-platform implants (WD). Thus, the use of porcelain insets to seal the accesses represents a good option in cases of high esthetic demands. The clinical cases presented here ilustrate an esthetic way of sealing the access hole with ceramic inlay insets to reestablish occlusal anatomic characteristics.
Assuntos
Humanos , Prótese Dentária , Prótese Dentária Fixada por Implante , Estética DentáriaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Estudar a relação dos vasos sanguíneos e as fibras de músculo liso presentes no saco herniário. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas 250 operações para correção de hérnia inguinal em crianças e adultos de dois meses a 75 anos, no período de julho de 2002 a fevereiro de 2003. Foram isolados 192 sacos herniários em 184 procedimentos e somente oito pacientes foram tratados com hérnia inguinal bilateral. Foram excluídos os pacientes que não apresentavam saco herniário durante as operações, e nas mulheres por não haver material. Destes 184 casos, foram escolhidos, aleatoriamente, 90 pacientes para realização desta análise distribuídos em três grupos: 30 adultos masculinos, 30 crianças do gênero feminino e 30 crianças do gênero masculino. RESULTADOS: Os vasos sanguíneos estavam presentes em todos os campos estudados com uma média de 11 vasos por campo. As fibras de músculo liso estavam presentes em alguns casos e tanto na distância horizontal quanto na vertical com a arteríola escolhida, não apresentavam nenhuma relação. CONCLUSÃO: As fibras de músculo liso são próprias do saco herniário e não relacionadas com as dos vasos sanguíneos.
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between the blood vessels and the smooth muscles in the hernial sac. MEHTODS: 250 surgeries were done to correct inguinal hernias, in children and adults from two months to 75 years old, from March 2002 and February 2003. A hundred ninety two hernial sacs were isolated in 184 surgeries and only eight patients were treated of bilateral inguinal hernia. They were excluded the patients with inguinal hernia which did not have hernial sac during the surgeries and the adult women cause there was no material. From these 184 cases, 90 patients were chosen aleatorialy to make this analysis. They were distributed as follows: 30 male children, 30 female children and 30 male adults. RESULTS: The vessels were present in all groups with a media of 11 vessels per field. The smooth muscle fibers were present in some cases and the horizontal distance was in media 0,1665µ and the vertical 0,1378µ in the adult group with a media of 4,5 isle of smooth muscle fibers, in the child male group the horizontal distance was 0,135µ, the vertical 0,190µ and the isle, 5,35. In the child female group, the horizontal distance was 0,052µ, the vertical 0,037µ and the median number of isles, 4,75. CONLCUSION: The majority of smooth muscles fibers would be proper of the hernial sac independent of the smooth muscles fibers of the blood vessels.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Vasos Sanguíneos/patologia , Hérnia Inguinal/patologia , Músculo Liso/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between the blood vessels and the smooth muscles in the hernial sac. METHODS: 250 surgeries were done to correct inguinal hernias, in children and adults from two months to 75 years old, from March 2002 and February 2003. A hundred ninety two hernial sacs were isolated in 184 surgeries and only eight patients were treated of bilateral inguinal hernia. They were excluded the patients with inguinal hernia which did not have hernial sac during the surgeries and the adult women cause there was no material. From these 184 cases, 90 patients were chosen aleatorialy to make this analysis. They were distributed as follows: 30 male children, 30 female children and 30 male adults. RESULTS: The vessels were present in all groups with a media of 11 vessels per field. The smooth muscle fibers were present in some cases and the horizontal distance was in media 0,1665micro and the vertical 0,1378micro in the adult group with a media of 4,5 isle of smooth muscle fibers, in the child male group the horizontal distance was 0,135micro, the vertical 0,190micro and the isle, 5,35. In the child female group, the horizontal distance was 0,052micro, the vertical 0,037micro and the median number of isles, 4,75. CONCLUSION: The majority of smooth muscles fibers would be proper of the hernial sac independent of the smooth muscles fibers of the blood vessels.