Increased incidence of Campylobacter enteritis and their quinolone resistance between 2010 and 2015: Results of a French national observatory conducted in 21 general hospitals (CHG).

INTRODUCTION: In Europe, the number of cases of Campylobacter enteritis and their quinolone resistance is increasing. The aims of this work were to evaluate: (1) the hospital epidemiology of bacterial enteritis between 2010 and 2015. (2) The proportion of Campylobacter and Salmonella enteritis. (3) Resistance to quinolones in adult and paediatric populations. (4) To investigate possible regional epidemiological and bacteriological disparities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a multicentric study carried out in 21 general hospitals (CHG) representing 14 French regions with a prospective collection of the results of coprocultures from 2010 to 2015 in adult and paediatric populations (children < 15 years old not exposed to quinolones). The epidemiological and bacteriological data were collected from software laboratory for positive stool cultures for Campylobacter and Salmonella. The results were compared year by year and by a period of 2 years. RESULTS: In adults, Campylobacter enteritis was each year significantly more frequent than Salmonella (P < 0.001), with a significant increase from 2010 to 2015 (P < 0.05). In children, there was also a significant and stable predominance of Campylobacter enteritis over the study period (P = 0.002). The quinolone resistance of Campylobacter was greater than 50% on the whole territory, with no North-South difference over the three periods studied. It increased significantly from 2012 to 2015 in adults (48% to 55%, P < 0.05) and in children (54% to 61%, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the increase in the prevalence of Campylobacter enteritis compared to Salmonella between 2010 and 2015. The quinolone resistance of Campylobacter is greater than 50% on the whole territory, stable between 2010 and 2015 in adults and significantly increased in children.

A cluster of Vibrio cholerae O1 infections in French travelers to Rajasthan (India), May 2006.

A woman aged 60 years was hospitalized for Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 cholera. Twenty-six fellow travelers and 48 health care workers who cared for the patient were individually traced and contacted. Of the 23/27 travelers with diarrhea during the trip, 4 presented antibodies. There was no person-to-person transmission.

Antimicrobial resistance data on 16,756 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in 1999: A Pan-Regional Multicenter Surveillance Study in France.

The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is a phenomenon observed to different degrees around the world. The present national surveillance study report analyzes a total of 16,756 strains of S. pneumoniae collected across France in 1999. The overall prevalence of S. pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin was 44%, to amoxicillin 26%, and to cefotaxime 17%. The proportion of high-level resistant strains to penicillin (MIC > 1 mg/L), amoxicillin and cefotaxime (MIC > 2 mg/L) remained low: 12.3%, 1.8%, and 0.4% respectively. Prevalence of resistance to other antibiotics was high: 53% to erythromycin, 41.7% to cotrimoxazole, 31.8% to tetracycline, and 24.6% to chloramphenicol. Prevalence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae varied according to subject age and specimen source. It was higher in children (52.7%) than in adults (39.8%) and higher in strains isolated from middle ear fluid (63.6%) than from blood cultures (41.8%) in children. S. pneumoniae resistant to other antibiotics were more common in children than in adults, although figures showed geographical variations. Comparison with a previous study realized in 1997 in the same regions confirms a rising trend in the prevalence of resistant bacteria. Therefore, we conclude that prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae in 1999 continued to rise in France, although strains with high-level resistance to penicillin remained stable.