Atypical presentation of a lymphangioma as a conjunctival horn.

Conjunctival lymphangiomas are rare hamartomas of lymphatic origin that are usually located in the bulbar conjunctiva. They commonly present either as focal or diffuse bulbar chemosis or as dilatation of lymphatic vessels that resembles an isolated cyst or a group of cysts. There can be bleeding inside the lymphangioma resulting in "chocolate cysts".1 We report the unusual case of a conjunctival lymphangioma on a 36 year-old male that presented as a large horn-like protruding structure. The lesion was surgically removed with simple excision associated with cryotherapy to the lesion's borders, as malignancy could not be ruled out preoperatively. Histopathological examination revealed a lymphangioma composed of an ill-defined proliferation of dilated lymphatic channels in the lamina propria, underlying conjunctival epithelium with squamous metaplasia, acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. One year postoperatively, the patient remains asymptomatic and without recurrence of the lesion.

Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among health professionals of a public hospital network during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Burnout is most commonly defined as a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and ineffectiveness, which occurs in response to chronic stressors at work. It can adversely affect health workers' physical and mental health, and the quality of care provided. The COVID-19 pandemic increased stressors and could impact burnout prevalence in this group. There is a lack of information regarding the prevalence of burnout among hospital health workers in Brazil. A newer definition of burnout has been proposed that considers three different clinical profiles: the frenetic, underchallenged and worn-out subtypes. This differentiation could lead to interventions tailored for each subtype. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of burnout, its subtypes, and associated factors in workers of a public hospital network in Brazil, during the pandemic. A total of 143 randomly selected participants answered an online form that included sociodemographic and occupational items, and the Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire, a summarized version. This questionnaire evaluates three burnout dimensions (overload, lack of development, neglect) that can be used to discriminate the three burnout subtypes (frenetic, underchallenged, worn-out, respectively); higher scores indicate higher burnout levels. The prevalence of burnout was high (53.85%), similar to other studies during the pandemic. The most common subtypes were 'frenetic' (34.97%), characterized by increased efforts to meet work demands, to the point of neglecting personal needs, and 'lack of development' (23.78%), characterized by a sense that work is uninteresting and does not contribute to personal development, and a perfunctory behavior towards tasks. Age was associated with burnout: workers with less than 51 years presented higher levels of burnout. These findings indicate the need for effective interventions to prevent and/or treat burnout. The assessment of burnout subtypes can allow managers to better understand the processes affecting employees, and inform actions to improve workforce health.

Acute management of cerebral venous thrombosis: Indications, technique, and outcome of endovascular treatment in two high-volume centers.

INTRODUCTION: After several uncontrolled studies and one randomized clinical trial, there is still uncertainty regarding the role of endovascular treatment (EVT) in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). This study aims to describe and assess different acute management strategies in the treatment of CVT. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of an international two-center registry of CVT patients admitted since 2019. Good outcome was defined as a return to baseline modified Rankin scale at three months. We described and compared EVT versus no-EVT patients. RESULTS: We included 61 patients. Only one did not receive systemic anticoagulation. EVT was performed in 13/61 (20%) of the cases, with a median time from diagnosis to puncture of 4.5 h (1.25-28.5). EVT patients had a higher median baseline NIHSS [6 (IQR 2-17) vs 0 (0-2.7), p = 0.002)] and a higher incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (53.8% vs 20.3%, p = 0.03). Recanalization was achieved in 10/13 (77%) patients. Thrombectomy was performed in every case with angioplasty in 7 out of 12 patients and stenting in 3 cases. No postprocedural complication was reported. An improvement of the median NIHSS from baseline to discharge [6 (2-17) vs 1(0-3.75); p < 0.001] was observed in EVT group. A total of 31/60 patients (50.8%) had good outcomes. Adjusting to NIHSS and ICH, EVT had a non-significant increase in the odds of a good outcome [aOR 1.42 (95%CI 0.73-2.8, p = 0.307)]. CONCLUSIONS: EVT in combination with anticoagulation was safe in acute treatment of CVT as suggested by NIHSS improvement. Selected patients may benefit from this treatment.

Giant Tophaceous Gout: The Importance of Therapeutic Compliance.

Gout is a metabolic disease resulting from the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints, tissues, and organs. Nowadays, the treatment of hyperuricemia is easily accessible and widespread and mainly consists of xanthine oxidase inhibitors and uricosurics. In refractory and advanced cases of gout, amputation surgery may be required. The authors present the case of an 85-year-old man who is non-compliant with hypouricemic medication, has exuberant gout, and has refused amputation surgery several times. The patient went to the emergency department with a triad of acute kidney injuries, acute gout, and poorly controlled pain. Cases of tophaceus gout such as the one presented are very rare nowadays.

Non-alpine primary thyroid angiosarcoma

SUMMARY Thyroid angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy, which occurs more frequently in the alpine region, likely associated with iodine deficiency and endemic goiter. This is an aggressive neoplasm that usually harbors a poor prognosis. We report the case of a 49-year-old Portuguese female patient presenting with a large nodule in the anterior neck region, with rapid growth and associated dysphonia. The neck ultrasound showed a hypoechogenic and heterogeneous thyroid nodule, with a larger axis of 44 mm. The fine needle aspiration cytology was not conclusive, and a biopsy of the lesion was performed. The result was suggestive of a mesenchymal tumor constituted by spindle cells and vascular clefts, showing positivity for endothelial markers and negativity for thyroglobulin, calcitonin and TTF1. The chest CT scan performed before surgery showed multiple pulmonary nodules suggestive of secondary lesions. The patient was submitted to total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection in order to relieve compressive symptoms. A diagnosis of thyroid angiosarcoma was made after histologic examination of the surgical specimen. Despite undergoing multiple lines of palliative chemotherapy, the pulmonary lesions increased in size and number. The patient died due to respiratory failure 29 months after the diagnosis. Thyroid angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy, generally with poor prognosis. In our case, the patient presented with pulmonary metastases at diagnosis, which is a negative prognostic factor. Due to its rarity, data regarding management and treatment of this disease are scarce.

Determinantes das perturbações musculoesqueléticas nos trabalhadores de cuidados pessoais em residências de apoio ao idoso / Determinants of musculoskeletal disorders in personal care workers in residential care homes for the elderly

Introdução: O enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação é o profissional com competências e conhecimentos para, após o diagnóstico, implementar e monitorizar os resultados dos programas de redução do risco das perturbações musculosqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho (PME), junto dos trabalhadores de cuidados pessoais em residências de apoio ao idoso, avaliando e introduzindo no processo de prestação de cuidados os necessários ajustamentos, promovendo assim, práticas mais seguras e eficazes. Assim, o presente estudo centrou-se em identificar os determinantes das PME nestes trabalhadores e suas repercussões na saúde. Métodos: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, de tipologia transversal e descritivocorrelacional, com recurso a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 120 indivíduos, na sua maioria do género feminino (95,8%) e com uma média de idades de 43,21 anos (Dp=10,812 anos). Como instrumento de colheita de dados utilizou-se o inquérito de saúde e trabalho (INSAT), aferido para este domínio de investigação. Resultados: Estes cuidadores formais manifestam défices de saúde com principal relevância para os relacionados com a mobilidade física e dor, quer pela existência de constrangimentos de natureza física e biomecânica, organizacional e psicossocial, bem como de natureza individual. Os problemas de saúde identificados por estes trabalhadores, resultantes das condições e características do trabalho foram: dores de costas (90,8%), dores musculares e articulares (82,5%), varizes (64,2%), dores de cabeça (49,2%) e ansiedade ou irritabilidade (47,5%). Ser do género feminino, ter idade entre os 49-58 anos, ser viúvo ou divorciado, ter doenças crónicas, tomar medicação e efetuar horário diurno, revelaram-se como determinantes percursores das PME assim como, a nível laboral, as características e os constrangimentos organizacionais e relacionais relacionados com o esforço físico, a intensidade e tempo de trabalho, as exigências emocionais, a insuficiência de autonomia e a má qualidade das relações sociais. Conclusão: Estes resultados apontam para a necessidade de desenvolvimento de estratégias preventivas das PME neste grupo profissional, onde é fundamental a intervenção do enfermeiro de reabilitação na implementação de programas de promoção da saúde, gestão do stresse e riscos psicossociais e formação profissional.

Introduction: The rehabilitation specialist nurse is a professional with the skills and knowledge which allow him, after diagnosis to implement and monitor the results of risk reduction programs of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The care workers in personal residences support the elderly by evaluating and adjusting the necessary care, thus promoting the safest and most effective practices. Thus, the present study identifies the determinants of WMSDs in care workers and their impact on health. Methods: We have developed a quantitative, transversal, descriptive study, of a correlational type using a non-probabilistic sample of convenience that consisted of 120 personal care workers mostly female (95.8%) and with an average age of 43.21 years (SD = 10.812 years). As data collection instrument used the work and health survey (INSAT), calibrated to this field of research. Results: We show that, in the majority of the cases, these care workers have health deficits related with physical mobility and pain. These are consequence of constraints such as physical and biomechanical, organizational and psychosocial as well as individual constraints. The health problems identified by these workers as a result of their work conditions and characteristics were: back pain (90.8%), muscle and joint pain (82.5%), varices (64.2%), headaches (49.2%) and anxiety or irritability (47.5%). Be of the female gender, age between 49-58 years, be widowed or divorced, have chronic illnesses, medication and daytime, proved as crucial precursors of WMSDs as well as the employment level, the characteristics and the organizational and relational constraints related to physical exertion, the intensity and time of work, emotional demands, insufficient autonomy and the poor quality of social relations. Conclusions: These results stress the need to develop new strategies in the prevention of WMSDs in care workers. The rehabilitation specialist nurse intervention is crucial to implement health promotion programs, stress management and psychosocial risks and vocational training.

Intenção de mudança de comportamento em adolescentes para a prática de atividades físicas de lazer / Intention of behavior changing in adolescents to practice leisure physical activities / Intención de cambio en el comportamiento de los adolescentes para la práctica de actividades físicas de ocio

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a intenção da mudança de comportamento de adolescentes de diferentes níveis socioeconómicos (NSE) para a prática de atividades físicas de lazer, adotando o Modelo Transteorético e a Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TCP). Foi realizado um estudo transversal com a participação de 416 adolescentes, pertencentes a escolas do ensino médio nas cidades de Belo Horizonte e Contagem/MG, com média de idade de 16,4 ± 1,2 anos. As análises foram feitas utilizando estatísticas descritivas e paramétricas (ANOVA e regressão logística). Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que a maioria dos adolescentes é inativa no lazer, e às variáveis, sexo, atitude e controle percebido são os fatores mais relevantes para classificar o nível de atividade física de lazer, sendo que as variáveis sociais (nível socioeconómico e norma subjetiva) têm pouca importância para predizer a intenção de mudança de comportamento para a prática dessas atividades.

The aim of this study was to investigate the intention of behavior changing in adolescents from different socioeconomic status (SES) to leisure physical activities, adopting the transtheoretical model and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 416 adolescents belonging to high schools in the cities of Belo Horizonte and Contagem / MG, with a mean age of 16.4 ± 1.2 years. Analyses were performed using descriptive and parametric statistics (ANOVA and logistic regression). The results show that most of teenagers are inactive during leisure time, and the variables, sex, attitude and perceived control are the most relevant factors to rate the level of leisure physical activity, and social variables (socioeconomic status and standard subjective) are of less importance in predicting the intention to change behavior to practice these activities.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la intención de cambiar el comportamiento de los adolescentes de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos (NSE) para la práctica de actividades físicas de ocio, por la que se aprueba el modelo Transteoretico y la teoría de la Conducta Planificada (TCP). Se realizó un estudio transversal con la participación de 416 adolescentes, pertenecientes a las escuelas de enseñanza secundaria de las ciudades de Belo Horizonte y Contagem/MG, con una edad media de 16,4 ±1,2 años. Los análisis se realizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y paramétrico (ANOVA y regresión logística), con p < 0,05. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los adolescentes e inactivo en su tiempo libre, y en cuanto a las variables, el género, la actitud y la percepción de control son los factores más relevantes para clasificar el nivel de actividad física de ocio, y que las variables sociales (nivel socio-económico y normas subjetivas) tiene poca importancia en la predicción de la intención de cambiar el comportamiento de la práctica de esas actividades.

Intenção de uso de preservativo masculino entre jovens estudantes de Belo Horizonte: um alerta aos ginecologistas / Condom use intention among young students in Belo Horizonte: an alert to gynecologists

OBJETIVO: pesquisar fatores que motivam a prática de sexo seguro, investigando os antecedentes da intenção de uso do preservativo masculino na população de jovens estudantes da cidade de Belo Horizonte. MÉTODOS: um levantamento, baseado na Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TCP), foi realizado em amostra de 732 estudantes, com idade entre 18 e 19 anos. Utilizando-se regressão múltipla em dados obtidos com questionário anônimo, investigou-se a importância de antecedentes da intenção de usar preservativo masculino, a saber: atitude, norma subjetiva, norma moral, resistência à tentação e controle percebido. Procurou-se ainda evidenciar diferenças comportamentais e de atitudes entre as classes sociais alta e baixa e entre homens e mulheres, por meio de teste t, para comparação de médias de amostras independentes. RESULTADOS: na amostra global não foi verificada associação significativa entre atitude e intenção comportamental. No teste da TCP, quando a intenção de uso do condom foi operacionalizada como decisão de uma única pessoa relativa ao uso de preservativo (intenção-eu), explicou-se maior percentual da variância da intenção do que quando se interpretou a intenção como decisão conjunta do casal (intenção-nós). Não houve diferenças significativas entre grupos de classe social alta e baixa, mas encontraram-se algumas entre homens e mulheres. Homens mostraram menor resistência à tentação de não usar preservativo. Na avaliação da pressão social (norma subjetiva), médicos e mães destacam-se como as influências mais expressivas em relação à intenção de uso do condom, especialmente entre as mulheres. A inclusão do antecedente 'norma moral' aumentou a variância explicada da intenção de uso de condom de 22 para 31 por cento. CONCLUSÕES: diferenças atitudinais entre homens, que são menos resistentes à tentação de não usar preservativo, e mulheres, que destacam a importância da influência de ginecologistas e pais na orientação para que façam sexo ...

PURPOSE: to investigate factors that motivate safe sex practice, searching for antecedents of the intention to use condom among the population of young students in Belo Horizonte. METHODS: a survey based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been carried out in a sample of 732 students, with ages from 18 to 19 years old. Using the multiple regression analysis on data obtained from an anonymous questionnaire, the importance of antecedents of the intention to use condom, such as: attitude, subjective norm, moral norm, resistance to temptation and perceived control, was investigated. Differences in behavior and attitudes between high and low social classes and between men and women were also assessed, through the t-test for means' comparison between independent samples. RESULTS: in the overall sample, the significant association of attitude and behavioral intention was not detected In the TPB, a higher percent of the intention variance was explained when only one of the partners was responsible for the decision of using the condom (intention-me), than when it was a joint decision of the couple (intention-us). There has been no significant difference between high and low social class groups, but differences have been found between men and women. Men have shown less resistance to the temptation of not using condom. In the evaluation of social pressure (subjective norm), medical doctors and mothers seem to have more influence on the intention to use condom, especially among women. The inclusion of the moral norm antecedent has increased the explained variance in the intention to use condom from 22 to 31 percent. CONCLUSIONS: attitude differences between men, less resistant to the temptation of not using condom, and women, who highlight the importance of gynecologists and parents' influence in advising about safe sex, may guide campaigns to promote the regular use of condoms.