Cisternal, vascular, and parenchymal landmarks in amygdalohippocampectomy for mesial temporal sclerosis: an index case with learnings from 820 resections.

Cortico-amygdalo-hippocampectomy is the most common epilepsy surgery resection in adults and offers excellent outcomes. Seizure outcome benefits range from 75% to 88% with a 2%-4% adverse event rate. The safety profile and outcomes could be enhanced further by clearly defining key surgical landmarks that could also aid tumoral resections in the mesial temporal lobe and selective mesial resections. The authors present their learnings of intraoperative landmarks (cisternal, parenchymal, and vascular) and surgical substeps through an index case of cortico-amygdalo-hippocampectomy with lessons from 820 resections. The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.4.FOCVID2428.

Extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma: a challenge and an opportunity.

Glioblastoma is a highly heterogeneous tumor whose pathophysiological complexities dictate both the diagnosis of disease severity as well as response to therapy. Conventional diagnostic tools and standard treatment regimens have only managed to achieve limited success in the management of patients suspected of glioblastoma. Extracellular vesicles are an emerging liquid biopsy tool that has shown great promise in resolving the limitations presented by the heterogeneous nature of glioblastoma. Here we discuss the contrasting yet interdependent dual role of extracellular vesicles as communication agents that contribute to the progression of glioblastoma by creating a heterogeneous microenvironment and as a liquid biopsy tool providing an opportunity to accurately identify the disease severity and progression.