Um caso raro de destruição total do pâncreas por pancreatite em cão / A rare case of total pancreatic destruction due to pancreatitis in a dog

A 16-year-old female Poodle entered UFMG's Veterinary Hospital with severe prostration, lack of appetite, and vomit. During physical examination, abdominal pain, dehydration, and hyperglycemia (448mg/dl) were found, therefore the animal was admitted under the suspicion of diabetic ketoacidosis. Screening revealed metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, glycosuria, ketonuria, and proteinuria. Leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, increase in the number of hepatic enzymes and hyperglycemia were also present in these tests. The ultrasound images showed a smaller and hypoechogenic pancreas, irregularity and folds in duodenum and reactivity of the surrounding tissue, indicating pancreatitis. Thirty days after the dog had been discharged for treatment at home, it was taken back to the veterinary hospital due to status epilepticus, which motivated the owner's decision of euthanasia. During post mortem examination no trace of pancreas was found. On histological examination of the adipose tissue next to the duodenum, only one pancreatic duct was seen, together with inflamatory cells , thus characterizing a rare case of total pancreatic destruction due to pancreatitis.(AU)

Diffuse heterotopic hair in a canine uterus: case report / Heterotopia de pelo difusa no útero de uma cadela: relato de caso

The present report describes the clinical and pathological findings related to diffuse heterotopic hairs associated with pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia in a canine uterus. Macroscopically, the uterus was intensely enlarged and thicker, and the endometrial surface was irregular and covered with black hairs similar to the hairs of the bitch. Histologically, heterotopic hairs associated with pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia were observed.

O presente relato descreve os achados clínicos e patológicos de uma heterotopia de pelos difusa associada com hiperplasia endometrial pseudo-placentacional em um útero de uma cadela. Macroscopicamente, o útero estava intensamente aumentado de volume e espesso, a superfície do endométrio estava irregular e recoberta com pelos pretos semelhantes aos pelos da cadela. Histologicamente, heterotopia de pelos associada com hiperplasia endometrial pseudoplacentacional foi observada.

The anti-adherence effect of Lippia sidoides Cham: extract against microorganisms of dental biofilm / Efeito anti-aderente de Lippia sidoides: extrato contra microorganismos do biofilme dental

Most illnesses affecting the oral cavity are proven to have infectious origin. Several categories of chemical agents have been used in the chemical control of dental biofilm through strategies that aim at reducing bacterial adhesion and inhibiting the growth and the proliferation of microorganisms on the tooth surface. The use of plants in folk medicine and in Dentistry, as well as the spread of successful cases, has led to scientific exploration, resulting in chemical-pharmacological knowledge of thousands of plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-adherence activity of Lippia sidoides Cham., comparing the results with those of 0.12% chlorhexidine by means of an in vitro simulation of dental biofilm. The studied bacterial strains were Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus casei, main responsible for the biofilm adherence. The studied extract was effective in inhibiting the adherence of Streptococcus mutans up to a concentration of 1:16, compared to Chlorhexidine. Lippia sidoides Cham extract showed anti-adherence effect on the major microorganisms responsible for dental biofilm consolidation.

É fato comprovado que a maior parte das doenças que acometem a cavidade bucal são de origem infecciosa. Várias categorias de agentes químicos têm sido utilizadas no controle químico do biofilme dental através de estratégias que visam a redução da adesão bacteriana, a inibição do crescimento, e a proliferação dos microrganismos na superfície do dente. A utilização das plantas pela medicina popular, seu uso na Odontologia e a divulgação dos êxitos, conduziram a exploração científica resultando no conhecimento químico-farmacológico de milhares de plantas. A presente pesquisa objetivou avaliar a atividade antiaderente da folha da Lippia sidoides Cham. comparando seus resultados com a Clorexidina 0,12%, através de uma simulação, in vitro, do biofilme dental. As linhagens bacterianas utilizadas na pesquisa foram o Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, e o Lactobacillus casaram, principais responsáveis pela aderência do biofilme. O extrato estudado mostrou-se efetivo na inibição de aderência das bactérias ensaiadas até uma concentração de 1:16, sobre o Streptococcus mutans, sendo comparável à Clorexidina. O extrato da Lippia sidoides Cham. demonstrou efeito antiederente, sobre os principais microrganismos responsáveis pela consolidação do biofilme dental.

Efficacy and safety of combined piroxicam, dexamethasone, orphenadrine, and cyanocobalamin treatment in mandibular molar surgery.

Third molar extraction is a common procedure frequently accompanied by moderate or severe pain, and involves sufficient numbers of patients to make studies relatively easy to perform. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic combination of 10 mg piroxicam, 1 mg dexamethasone, 35 mg orphenadrine citrate, and 2.5 mg cyanocobalamin (Rheumazin) when compared with 20 mg piroxicam alone (Feldene) in mandibular third molar surgery. Eighty patients scheduled for removal of the third molar were included in this randomized and double-blind study. They received (vo) Rheumazin or Feldene 30 min after tooth extraction and once daily for 4 consecutive days. Pain was determined by a visual analogue scale and by the need for escape analgesia (paracetamol). Facial swelling was evaluated with a measuring tape and adverse effects and patient satisfaction were recorded. There was no statistically significant difference in facial swelling between Rheumazin and Feldene (control group). Both drugs were equally effective in the control of pain, with Rheumazin displaying less adverse effects than Feldene. Therefore, Rheumazin appears to provide a better risk/benefit ratio in the mandibular molar surgery. Since the side effects resulting from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration are a severe limitation to the routine use of these drugs in clinical practice, our results suggest that Rheumazin can be a good choice for third molar removal treatment.

Efficacy and safety of combined piroxicam, dexamethasone, orphenadrine, and cyanocobalamin treatment in mandibular molar surgery

Third molar extraction is a common procedure frequently accompanied by moderate or severe pain, and involves sufficient numbers of patients to make studies relatively easy to perform. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic combination of 10 mg piroxicam, 1 mg dexamethasone, 35 mg orphenadrine citrate, and 2.5 mg cyanocobalamin (Rheumazin®) when compared with 20 mg piroxicam alone (Feldene®) in mandibular third molar surgery. Eighty patients scheduled for removal of the third molar were included in this randomized and double-blind study. They received (vo) Rheumazin or Feldene 30 min after tooth extraction and once daily for 4 consecutive days. Pain was determined by a visual analogue scale and by the need for escape analgesia (paracetamol). Facial swelling was evaluated with a measuring tape and adverse effects and patient satisfaction were recorded. There was no statistically significant difference in facial swelling between Rheumazin and Feldene (control group). Both drugs were equally effective in the control of pain, with Rheumazin displaying less adverse effects than Feldene. Therefore, Rheumazin appears to provide a better risk/benefit ratio in the mandibular molar surgery. Since the side effects resulting from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration are a severe limitation to the routine use of these drugs in clinical practice, our results suggest that Rheumazin can be a good choice for third molar removal treatment.

Aspectos clínicos do entrópio de desenvolvimento em cães da raça Shar Pei / Clinical aspects of developmental entropion in Shar Pei dogs

Avaliaram-se os aspectos clínicos do entrópio de desenvolvimento em filhotes de cães da raça Shar Pei. Utilizaram-se 50 animais com idades entre 18 e 128 dias, que apresentavam graus variáveis de inversão palpebral e lesões oculares, as quais foram classificadas de acordo com um modelo específico proposto. As lesões encontradas foram fotofobia, epífora, inversão da margem palpebral, blefarospasmo, conjuntivite, quemose, edema, erosão e vascularização da córnea e phthisis bulbi.

Avaliação da atividade larvicida de saponinas triterpênicas isoladas de Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Fabaceae) e Cordia piauhiensis Fresen (Boraginaceae) sobre Aedes aegypti / Evaluation of larvicidal activity of triterpenoid saponins isolated of Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Fabaceae) and Cordia piauhiensis Fresen (Boraginaceae) against Aedes aegypti

A atividade larvicida de quatro saponinas monodesmosídicas (1-4) isoladas de Pentaclethra macroloba e de uma saponina bidesmosídica (5) isolada de Cordia piauhiensis foi avaliada sobre larvas de estágio 3 de Aedes aegypti. As larvas foram expostas a várias concentrações (500, 250, 100, 50, 25 e 12,5 mg/mL) das saponinas por um período de 24 h. Os resultados indicam que somente as saponinas 1-3 mostraram alta atividade larvicida, com CL50 variando de 18,6 a 27,9 mg/mL. Estes resultados ressaltam as potencialidades destas saponinas como possíveis agentes larvicidas naturais.

The larvicidal activity of the four monodesmoside saponins (1-4) isolated from Pentaclethra macroloba and one bidesmoside saponin (5) from Cordia piauhiensis was evaluated on 3rd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. The larvae were exposed to serial concentrations (500, 250, 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/mL) saponins for a period of 24 h. The results indicate that, only the saponins 1-3 showed high larvicidal activity, with LC50 ranging of 18,6-27,9 mg/mL. These results suggest that these can be used as natural larvicidal agents.

Ecocardiografia Doppler em cäes neonatos / Echodoppler cardiography in newborn dogs

Utilizaram-se 10 cäes neonatos (cinco machos e cinco fêmeas), obtidos a partir de cinco ninhadas (um casal de cada) com o objetivo de estabelecer o perfil ecodopplercardiográfico normal durante a fase neonatal (de um até 30 dias). Por meio do Doppler pulsado foram mensurados os picos de velocidade dos fluxos sangüíneos através das valvas mitral, tricúspide, aórtica e pulmonar. Observou-se correlaçäo positiva de todas as mensuraçöes com o peso corporal e a idade dos neonatos de ambos os sexos. Näo houve diferenças significativas no padräo de velocidade dos fluxos sangüíneos estudados entre machos e fêmeas durante a fase neonatal

Avaliaçäo das enzimas alanina-aminotransferase, aspartato-aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina e creatinina-fosfoquinase em cäes submetidos à administraçäo semanal de ivermectina / Evaluation of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phofatase and creatine-phosphate-kinase in dogs subjected to a weekly administration of ivermectin

Estudou-se a influência da administraçäo semanal de ivermectina, em cäes, sobre as enzimas alanina-aminotransferase, aspartato-aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina e creatinina-fosfoquinase. Utilizaram-se 15 cäes sem raça definida (peso médio de 7kg), distribuídos em três grupos. Foram realizadas inoculaçöes subcutâneas de ivermectina nas doses de 200mcg/kg PV (grupo 1) e 400mcg/kg PV (grupo 2), durante três semanas consecutivas. O terceiro grupo serviu como controle. Apesar das diferenças entre médias serem estatisticamente significativas em alguns tratamentos, pode-se observar que estas diferenças, possivelmente, se devam à induçäo enzimática microssomal