Prevalence of HTLV-1/2 in pregnant women living in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro.

BACKGROUND: HTLV-1/2 infection can cause severe and disabling diseases in children and adults. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in pregnant women living in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 1,204 pregnant women were tested upon hospital admission for delivery in two public hospitals in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Mesquita, between November, 2012 and April, 2013. The samples were screened by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and reactive ones were confirmed by Western blot (WB). Epi-info software was used for building the database and performing the statistical analysis. Eight patients had confirmed HTLV-1/2 infection (7 HTLV-1, one HTLV-2), equivalent to a prevalence rate of 0.66%. Two further reactive screening tests had negative Western blot results and therefore were considered negative in the statistical analysis. All HTLV-1/2-positive patients were born in Rio de Janeiro, most were non-Caucasian (87.5%), in a stable relationship (62.5%), had at least ten years of formal education (62.5%) and a monthly family income of up to US$600.00 (87.5%). There was only one case of coinfection with syphilis and none with HIV. The mean age of the infected women was 28.4 (SD = 6.3) years and of the seronegative ones was 24.8 (SD = 6.5) (p = 0.10). The median number of pregnancies were 3.0 and 1.0 (p = 0.06) and the median number of sexual partners were 3.5 and 3.0 (p = 0.33) in the seropositive and negative groups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: A significant prevalence of HTLV-1/2 was found in our population. The socio-epidemiological profile of carrier mothers was similar to the controls. Such findings expose the need for a public health policy of routine HTLV-1/2 screening in antenatal care, since counselling and preventive measures are the only strategies currently available to interrupt the chain of transmission and the future development of HTLV-1/2-related diseases.

Pós-graduaçäo na área biomédica / Graduation in biomedical area

Relatam-se os resultados das discussöes sobre pós-graduaçäo na área biomédica, com profissionais biomédicos pós-graduados, obtidos a partir de painel e discussöes em grupo. Concluiu-se que há forte condicionamento do biomédico à pós-graduaçäo pela ligaçäo com a carreira do magistério (ensino-pesquisa). Entretanto, parece näo ocorrer bom preparo pedagógico dentro das programaçöes oferecidas nos referidos cursos, surgindo conflito entre formaçäo e exigência profissional, o que eventualmente interfere na relaçäo professor-aluno. Enfatizam-se, outrossim, sugestöes oferecidas anteriormente

Sorologia positiva em doadores voluntários de sangue em área endêmica de doença de Chagas / Positive serology in voluntary blood donors in endemic area of Chagas' disease

Com a finalidade de detectar a prevalência de portadores da doença de Chagas entre doadores de sangue em zona endêmica (município de Piumhy-MG), foram estudados 30 doadores voluntários de sangue (com 1 a 3 doaçöes nos últimos 5 meses). Eram 25 homens e 5 mulheres com idade entre 26 e 52 anos (média 39), todos da raça branca, naturais e residentes no município, assintomáticos e sem contato com "barbeiro" e/ou ter recebido transfusäo sangüínea. Foram realizadas três reaçöes sorológicas: Guerreiro-Machado, Imunofluorescência e Hemaglutinaçäo. As três reaçöes sorológicas foram positivas em 4 doadores (13,3%) e negativas nos demais. Discute-se a importância deste diagnóstico para a prevençäo da disseminaçäo da doença tanto em áreas endêmicas quanto em grandes centros