[Immunological profile of lymphoid cells in patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia and immunological complications during the treatment with prednisolone and chlorambucil].

Comparative study of immunological phenotype of lymphoid cells of peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) and immune cytopenia at the treatment with prednisolone and chlorambucil has been carried out. It was shown, that inclusion in the treatment of chlorambucil (chlorambucil + prednisolone) enabled the achievement of remission of immune process at the majority of patients though average duration of remission essentially did not differ. The best clinical result was accompanied by more essential variations of leukemic B-cellular population than during the treatment with prednisolone alone. The reduction of absolute number of lymphocytes in patients with CLL under the treatment with chlorambucil and prednisolone was accompanied by reduction of expression of separate B-cellular antigens of mature cells with minimal signs of their activation. The expediency of a combination of prednisolone with chlorambucil in cases of high leukocytosis and expressed hyperplasia of organs of the limphoid systems.

[Peculiarities of cytogenetic changes in different types of myelodysplastic syndrome].

We carried out the cytogenetic investigation of bone marrow aspirate from 32 patients with different types of MDS. The patients were from 8 regions of Ukraine. 11 patients had abnormal karyotype, and the transformation to AML were observed in 5 of them (45.5%). 27% of all patients had chromosomal changes with 3 or more chromosomes involved. The highest percentage of the patients with chromosomal anomalies (66.7%) was in cases of RAEB. Chromosome deletions were the most frequently detected karyotype abnormalities. We consider the phenomenon of chromosome fragmentation as the cytogenetic approval of the increased level of apoptosis in patients with MDS. The risk of the transformation to AML was measured using new international score system IPSS.

[Use of recombinant activated factor VII (NovoSeven) in the treatment of a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura complicated with subarachnoid and parenchimatous hemorrhage]. / Zastosuvannia rekombinantnoho aktyvovanoho faktora VII (NovoSeven) u khvoroho z idiopatychnoiu trombotsytopenichnoiu purpuroiu, uskladnenoiu subarakhnoïdal'no-parenkhimatoznym krovovylyvom.

Efficiency of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) (NovoSeven) in treatment of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) complicated with subarachnoid and parenchimatous hemorrhage was shown in the article. The action of NovoSeven in patients with an affected megakaryocytic system depends on the binding of rFVIIa with activated thrombocites and on their surface rFVIIa provides the activation of X factor and thrombin formation. NovoSeven proved to be called a universal hemostatic medication for the idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment. Taking into account that transfusion of thrombocites concentrate is not recommended for patients with thrombocytopenia of immune origin and after immunoglobulin infusion we need time to see thrombocites number grow so in urgent NovoSeven is a medication of choice to stop bleeding in patients with ITP.

[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]. / Hipereozynofil'nyi syndrom.

The article focuses on one of rarely occuring forms of "major eosinophilias"--hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Based on two observations and data from the published literature the clinical presentation of HES is described together with affection of different organs, changes in the blood and bone marrow. The article has a particular focus on differential diagnosis of HES, symptomatic and clonal eosinophilias, importance of cytogenetic investigations. The policy of managing patients presenting with the above medical problem is discussed.

[Karyotype studies of patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome]. / Doslidzhennia kariotypu u khvorykh z miielodysplastychnym syndromom.

Cytogenetic investigations, including the analysis of karyotype indicated by G-banding and FISH for Ph chromosome, were performed in the patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), classified according to FAB system. In RA we have not revealed any important karyotype abnormalities. In patients with RAEB we have detected monosomy 7, considered an unfavourable prognostic sign. There was found an unidentified marker chromosome in the patient with CMML. Diagnostic and prognostic value of karyotype investigation in MDS patients was discussed.

[The evaluation of cytochemical criteria in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia]. / Otsinka tsytokhimichnykh kryteriïv u diahnostytsi hostroï miieloïdnoï leikemiï.

With the purpose of determining the reliability of cytochemical parameters in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) we carried out morphological and cytochemical studies on blast cells from 72 patients with freshly diagnosed AML. Cases were categorized according to the FAB-classification. It is recommended that a reaction to chloracetat-transferase be included into the set of cytochemical tests together with semiquantification of myeloperoxidase activity in blasts. Such an approach will, we believe, help in distinguishing between the M1/M2 and M4/M5 subvarieties of AML.

[Mortality indices for hemoblastoses in Rivno Province before and after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Pokaznyky smertnosti vid hemoblastoziv u Rivnens'kii oblasti do i pislia avariï na ChAES.

In-depth study of mortality rates for hemoblastoses in Rivno region in which six Northern territories are known to be contaminated with radionuclides, over the period 1981-1991, revealed increase in mortality in postaccident period from hemoblastoses both on the whole and some of its nosologic entities. The statistical analysis of mortality rates for hemoblastoses did not show any significant difference in the corresponding figures between radionuclide contaminated and uncontaminated parts of the Rivno region.