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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of preloading crestal bone loss (PLCBL) and to identify the patient-related and implant-related factors associated with PLCBL. METHODS: This retrospective cohort examined the dental records of patients who received at least one dental implant. PLCBL was defined as a reduction ⩾0.5 mm and severe PLCBL (primary variable) as a reduction ⩾1.5 mm in mesial and/or distal bone level, measured from the day of implant placement to uncovering or abutment installation/crown delivery. The incidence of PLCBL and patient and implant variables were recorded. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression identified factors associated with PLCBL ⩾0.5 mm and ⩾1.5 mm. RESULTS: A total of 746 dental implants placed in 361 patients from January 2011 to July 2021 was included in the analyses. Of the implants assessed, 24.4% (n = 182) exhibited PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm and 10.5% (n = 78) presented severe PLCBL (i.e., ⩾1.5 mm). Males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-3.07), patients with diabetes (OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.73-6.42), and those allergic to penicillin (OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.57-6.22) were more likely to experience severe PLCBL (p < 0.05). Implants placed in the anterior area (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.16-3.73), with bone-level platform-abutment connection (OR = 4.73, 95% CI = 1.94-11.49) and inserted supracrestally (OR = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.84-7.72), presented a greater risk of developing severe PLCBL (p < 0.05). Implants placed in a previously grafted area presented a lower likelihood of developing severe PLCBL (OR = 0.489, 95% CI = 0.28-0.84). CONCLUSION: The incidence of PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm and ⩾1.5 mm was 24.4% and 10.5%, respectively. Male sex, diabetes, allergy to penicillin, anterior location, bone-level platform-abutment connection, and supracrestal implant placement are potential risk factors for severe PLCBL. A previously grafted area is a potential protective factor.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between demographic/medical and geographic factors with follow-up medical care and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among cancer survivors during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: An online survey was sent to cancer survivors between May 2020 and January 2021, exploring their experience with SARS-CoV-2, follow-up care, and HRQoL. PolicyMap was used to geocode home addresses. Both geographic and demographic/medical factors were examined for their associations with SARS-CoV-2 experience, follow-up care, and HRQoL (FACT-G7). RESULTS: Geographic data were available for 9651 participants. Patients living in the highest area deprivation index (ADI) neighborhoods (most deprived) had higher odds of avoiding in-person general (odds ratio [OR] = 7.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.79-18.60), cancer (OR = 8.47; 95% CI = 3.73-19.30), and emergency (OR = 14.2; 95% CI = 5.57-36.30) medical care, as well as lower odds of using telemedicine (OR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.52-0.73) compared to the lowest ADI group. Race/ethnicity was not associated with follow-up care after controlling for ADI. The effect of ADI on HRQoL was generally in the expected direction, with higher ADI being associated with worse HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: ADI influenced follow-up medical care more than age, race/ethnicity, or health insurance type. Healthcare providers and institutions should focus on decreasing barriers to in-person and telemedicine health care that disproportionally impact those living in more deprived communities, which are exacerbated by health care disruptions like those caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sobreviventes de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , Sobreviventes de Câncer/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Adulto , Idoso , SARS-CoV-2 , Inquéritos e Questionários , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/terapia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Pandemias , Telemedicina/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Abstract Background: Tropical grasses, such as elephant grass, have high moisture content during its ideal phenological state for silage. High moisture content hinders proper preservation and reduces the nutritive value of silage due to secondary fermentation and production of effluents. Adding feed materials with high dry matter content, such as murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) meal, is a potential alternative to improve silage yield. Objective: To determine the effects of including murumuru meal (0, 7, 14, 21, and 28%) on the fermentative characteristics, microbiological activity, aerobic stability, and chemical composition of elephant grass silages. Methods: A completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates was used. Elephant grass was collected at 60 d of age, minced, and homogenized with murumuru meal. The mass was placed in experimental 15-L silos. The silos were collected and analyzed 45 d later. Results: Effluent production decreased (p<0.05) as the proportions of murumuru meal in silage increased. A quadratic effect (p<0.05) was observed on dry matter recovery. An increase (p<0.05) was observed in dry matter content, a decrease (p<0.05) in the neutral detergent fiber content, and an increase (p<0.05) in the non-fibrous carbohydrate content with the inclusion of murumuru meal. Conclusions: Addition of murumuru meal improves chemical composition and does not affect the fermentative characteristics of elephant grass silage, while it reduces effluent losses. Nevertheless, the inclusion of murumuru meal in the elephant grass silage decreased the time of aerobic stability.
Resumen Antecedentes: los pastos tropicales, tales como el pasto elefante, tienen alto contenido de humedad cuando están en su estado fenológico ideal para ensilar. Esto dificulta su adecuada preservación en el silo, reduciendo el valor nutritivo del ensilaje debido a fermentaciones secundarias y generación de efluentes. Una posible solución sería incluir materiales con alto contenido de materia seca, tales como la torta de murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru). Objetivo: determinar el efecto de la inclusión de torta de murumuru (0; 7; 14; 21 y 28%) sobre las características fermentativas, microbiológicas, estabilidad aeróbica y composición química de los ensilajes de pasto elefante. Métodos: se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar, con cinco tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. El pasto elefante fue colectado a los 60 días de edad, luego picado y homogeneizado con la torta de murumuru. La masa fue colocada en silos experimentales con capacidad de 15 L. Luego de 45 días de ensilado, los silos fueron abiertos y las muestras fueron colectadas para su posterior análisis. Resultados: hubo reducción (p<0,05) en la producción de efluentes a medida que se incrementó la proporción de torta de murumuru en el ensilado. Se observó un efecto cuadrático (p<0,05) en la recuperación de materia seca. Hubo aumento (p<0,05) en los contenidos de materia seca con la adición de torta de murumuru. Se observó disminución (p<0,05) en el contenido de fibra detergente neutra y aumento (p<0,05) de carbohidratos no fibrosos. Conclusión: La adición de torta de murumuru mejora la composición química, reduce las perdidas por efluentes y no afecta las características fermentativas de ensilado de pasto elefante. Sin embargo, la inclusión de la torta de murumuru en el ensilado de pasto elefante disminuye el tiempo en estabilidad aeróbica.
Resumo Antecedentes: capins tropicais, como por exemplo o capim-elefante apresentam alto teor de umidade quando possuem produtividade compatível e estão no estádio fenológico adequado para ensilagem. Isso dificulta a adequada preservação no silo, ocasionando a redução do valor nutritivo da silagem devido a fermentações secundárias e a produção de efluentes. Uma possível solução seria o uso de aditivos com alto teor de matéria seca, como bolo de murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru). Objetivo: determinar o efeito da inclusão da torta de murumuru (0; 7; 14; 21 e 28%) na ensilagem de capim-elefante sobre as características fermentativas, microbiológicas, estabilidade aeróbia e a composição química das silagens. Métodos: utilizou- se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. O capim-elefante foi colhido aos 60 dias de idade, o mesmo foi picado e homogeneizado à torta de murumuru. A massa foi ensilada em silos experimentais com capacidade de 15 L. Após 45 dias de ensilagem, os silos foram abertos e amostras foram coletadas para posteriores análises laboratoriais. Resultados: houve redução (p<0,05) na produção de efluentes à medida que se elevaram as proporções da torta de murumuru na ensilagem. Observou-se efeito quadrático (p<0,05) na recuperação de matéria seca. Houve aumento (p<0,05) nos teores de matéria seca com a adição da torta murumuru. Observou-se diminuição (p<0,05) nos teores de fibra em detergente neutro e aumento (p<0,05) nos teores de carboidratos não fibrosos. Conclusão: torta de murumuru como aditivo melhora a composição química, reduz perdas principalmente por efluente e não afeta as características fermentativas de silagens de capim- elefante. Entretanto, a inclusão da torta de murumuru na ensilagem de capim-elefante diminui o tempo em estabilidade aeróbia.
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ABSTRACT Two new species of Oxyethira Eaton, 1873 are described: Oxyethira cascadanta sp. n. and Oxyethira quadrilobata sp. n. Description and illustrations of the new species are provided based on specimens collected in Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil. Both species are assigned to the subgenus Loxotrichia but differ from other species mainly in morphology of the subgenital plate, subgenital processes and inferior appendages. Additionally, we provide an updated checklist of the Oxyethira species from Brazil.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Lista de Checagem/normas , Insetos/anatomia & histologia , Insetos/classificação , Especificidade da Espécie , Brasil , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Etários , Caracteres Sexuais , Estruturas Animais , Distribuição AnimalRESUMO
The acute intoxication of Cypermethrin in Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) was evaluated. Animals weighing 56.67±4.43g and measuring 18.92±1.16cm were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cypermethrin for the species in hydrological conditions during 96 hours. A total of 52 fish divided into three groups were used and received the following concentrations of Cypermethrin: 0 (n=12); 1.5 (n=20) and 2.5 (n=20)mg/L. The intoxicated animals suffered behavioral changes such as loss of balance, swimming alteration, dyspnea, upright swimming and sudden spiral swimming movements. As soon as the 96-hour period was over, a blood collection for hematological and biochemical analyses was performed. A complete haemogram test, plasmatic protein test, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were studied. The values of erythrocytes, hematocrits, haemoglobin, total number of leukocytes, thrombocyte, ALT, AST and ALP changed according to the groups. The results have shown that the environmental contamination by Cypermethrin is toxic to the species...
Avaliou-se a intoxicação aguda da cipermetrina em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). Jundiás que pesavam 56,67±4.43g e mediam 18,92±1,16cm foram expostos a concentrações subletais de cipermetrina para a espécie em 96 horas, via hídrica, utilizando-se 52 peixes, distribuídos em três grupos, segundo a concentração de cipermetrina: 0 (n = 12); 1,5 (n = 20) e 2,5 (n = 20)mg/L. Os animais intoxicados apresentaram alterações comportamentais, como perda de equilíbrio, dispneia, natação na posição vertical e movimentos bruscos de natação em espiral. Após 96 horas de exposição, foi coletado sangue para análises de hemograma completo, proteína plasmática, albumina, alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e gamaglutamiltransferase. Os valores de eritrócitos, hematócrito, hemoglobina, número total de leucócitos, número total de plaquetas, ALT, AST e ALP diferiram entre os grupos. Os resultados demonstraram que a contaminação ambiental por cipermetrina é tóxica para a espécie...
Assuntos
Animais , Análise Química do Sangue/veterinária , Peixes-Gato/metabolismo , Piretrinas/intoxicação , Sintomas Toxicológicos , Inseticidas/intoxicaçãoRESUMO
Two experiments evaluated an operant procedure for establishing stimulus control using auditory and electrical stimuli as a baseline for measuring the electrical current threshold of electrodes implanted in the cochlea. Twenty-one prelingually deaf children, users of cochlear implants, learned a Go/No Go auditory discrimination task (i.e., pressing a button in the presence of the stimulus but not in its absence). When the simple discrimination baseline became stable, the electrical current was manipulated in descending and ascending series according to an adapted staircase method. Thresholds were determined for three electrodes, one in each location in the cochlea (basal, medial, and apical). Stimulus control was maintained within a certain range of decreasing electrical current but was eventually disrupted. Increasing the current recovered stimulus control, thus allowing the determination of a range of electrical currents that could be defined as the threshold. The present study demonstrated the feasibility of the operant procedure combined with a psychophysical method for threshold assessment, thus contributing to the routine fitting and maintenance of cochlear implants within the limitations of a hospital setting.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Surdez , Implante Coclear , Percepção Auditiva , Limiar AuditivoRESUMO
Two experiments evaluated an operant procedure for establishing stimulus control using auditory and electrical stimuli as a baseline for measuring the electrical current threshold of electrodes implanted in the cochlea. Twenty-one prelingually deaf children, users of cochlear implants, learned a Go/No Go auditory discrimination task (i.e., pressing a button in the presence of the stimulus but not in its absence). When the simple discrimination baseline became stable, the electrical current was manipulated in descending and ascending series according to an adapted staircase method. Thresholds were determined for three electrodes, one in each location in the cochlea (basal, medial, and apical). Stimulus control was maintained within a certain range of decreasing electrical current but was eventually disrupted. Increasing the current recovered stimulus control, thus allowing the determination of a range of electrical currents that could be defined as the threshold. The present study demonstrated the feasibility of the operant procedure combined with a psychophysical method for threshold assessment, thus contributing to the routine fitting and maintenance of cochlear implants within the limitations of a hospital setting.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Percepção Auditiva , Limiar Auditivo , Implante Coclear , SurdezRESUMO
Limiares auditivos de crianças surdas pré-linguais usuárias de implante coclear foram avaliados com estimulação elétrica em um dos eletrodos mediais. A avaliação empregou um procedimento operante do tipo go/no go para ensinar uma discriminação simples, evidenciada por uma resposta motora, entre presença e ausência do estímulo auditivo. Estabelecida a linha de base, a manipulação na intensidade do estímulo foi implementada de acordo com o método psicofísico de escada modificado, começando por uma seqüência descendente. Os sete participantes do estudo mostraram perda da precisão no responder sob controle do estímulo quando a intensidade diminuía além de um certo valor e a precisão era recuperada quando a intensidade era novamente aumentada, o que permitiu a identificação de limiares individuais. Os resultados sugerem que o método psicofísico combinado com o procedimento operante pode ser uma alternativa viável para avaliar limiar auditivo de pessoas sem linguagem em situação clínica de regulagem do implante coclear.
Auditory thresholds of prelingually deaf children who received cochlear implants were evaluated for the electrical stimulation to one of the medial electrodes. A go/no go operant procedure was used to teach a simple discrimination, indicated by a motor response, between the presence versus the absence of an auditory stimulus. Simple discrimination was used as a baseline upon which the electrical stimulus's intensity was manipulated in a decreasing sequence followed by an increasing sequence, according to a modified psychophysical staircase method. The accuracy of responding in the presence of the electrical stimulus was reduced for all seven participants when the stimulus intensity decreased bellow a certain value and was recovered when the stimulus intensity was increased to the previous level. The experimental design allowed reliable identification of individual thresholds. The results suggest that the psychophysical paradigm in combination with the operant procedure might be useful for the evaluation of the auditory threshold for purposes of cochlear implant fitting in clinical settings.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Limiar Auditivo , Condicionamento Operante , Surdez , Implante Coclear/psicologiaRESUMO
Limiares auditivos de crianças surdas pré-linguais usuárias de implante coclear foram avaliados com estimulação elétrica em um dos eletrodos mediais. A avaliação empregou um procedimento operante do tipo go/no go para ensinar uma discriminação simples, evidenciada por uma resposta motora, entre presença e ausência do estímulo auditivo. Estabelecida a linha de base, a manipulação na intensidade do estímulo foi implementada de acordo com o método psicofísico de escada modificado, começando por uma seqüência descendente. Os sete participantes do estudo mostraram perda da precisão no responder sob controle do estímulo quando a intensidade diminuía além de um certo valor e a precisão era recuperada quando a intensidade era novamente aumentada, o que permitiu a identificação de limiares individuais. Os resultados sugerem que o método psicofísico combinado com o procedimento operante pode ser uma alternativa viável para avaliar limiar auditivo de pessoas sem linguagem em situação clínica de regulagem do implante coclear.(AU)
Auditory thresholds of prelingually deaf children who received cochlear implants were evaluated for the electrical stimulation to one of the medial electrodes. A go/no go operant procedure was used to teach a simple discrimination, indicated by a motor response, between the presence versus the absence of an auditory stimulus. Simple discrimination was used as a baseline upon which the electrical stimulus's intensity was manipulated in a decreasing sequence followed by an increasing sequence, according to a modified psychophysical staircase method. The accuracy of responding in the presence of the electrical stimulus was reduced for all seven participants when the stimulus intensity decreased bellow a certain value and was recovered when the stimulus intensity was increased to the previous level. The experimental design allowed reliable identification of individual thresholds. The results suggest that the psychophysical paradigm in combination with the operant procedure might be useful for the evaluation of the auditory threshold for purposes of cochlear implant fitting in clinical settings.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Surdez , Implante Coclear/psicologia , Condicionamento Operante , Limiar AuditivoRESUMO
As tendências atuais na terapia com implantes odontológicostêm incluído o uso de implantes com superfícies modificadasutilizando nanotecnologia. Ciência que permite a construçãode novos materiais e dispositivos pela manipulação de átomosindividuais e moléculas (escala menor do que 100nm). O objetivodeste trabalho foi avaliar o papel das modificações em escalananométrica de superfícies de implantes osseointegradospara melhorar o processo de osseointegração. Nanotecnologiaoferece a engenheiros e profissionais da área de biologia e saúdenovos meios para entender e otimizar funções e respostasespecíficas de células. As várias técnicas utilizadas para adicionarcaracterísticas nanométricas às superfícies de implantesosseointegrados são descritas neste trabalho. Vários trabalhostem apresentado os efeitos da nanotecnologia na modulaçãode etapas fundamentais do processo de osseointegração. Asvantagens e desvantagens da utilização da nanotecnologia nasuperfície de implantes também são discutidas nesse trabalho.Posteriormente, em uma série de experimentos in vitro e in vivo,foi possível avaliar o efeito específico destas modificações emdois diferentes modelos. Como efeitos observados da aplicaçãode nanoestruturas à superfície dos implantes osseointegradosfoi possível verificar-se uma melhor e mais rápida resposta deosseointegração destes materiais, atuando efetivamente na cascatade diferenciação de osteoblastos.
Current trends in clinical dental implant therapy include useof endosseous dental implant surfaces embellished with nanoscaletopographies. Nanotechnology deals with materials withat least one significant dimension less than 100nm. The goal ofthis study was to consider the role of nanoscale topographic modificationof titanium substrates for the purpose of improvingosseointegration. Nanotechnology offers engineers and biologistsnew ways of interacting with relevant biological processes.Moreover, nanotechnology has provided means of understandingand achieving cell specific functions. The various techniquesthat can impart nanoscale topographic features to titaniumendosseous implants are described. Existing data supportingthe role of nanotopography suggests that critical steps in osseointegrationcan be modulated by nanoscale modification ofthe implant surface. Important distinctions between nanoscaleand micron-scale modification of the implant surface are presentlyconsidered. The advantages and disadvantages of nanoscalemodification of the dental implant surface are discussed.Finally, available data concerning the current dental implantsurfaces that utilize nanotopography in clinical dentistry aredescribed. Nanoscale modification of titanium endosseous implantsurfaces can alter cellular and tissue responses that maybenefit osseointegration and dental implant therapy. In a seriesof in vitro and in vivo experiments it was possible to evaluatethe effect of this modifications in different study designs. Theadvantages of the use of nanocues added to the surface of theosseointegrated dental implants allowed to a better and fasterosseointegration response of these materials, by acting on thedifferentiation of the osteoblasts.