Design and preparation of fluorescent covalent organic frameworks for biological sensing.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new class of functional solids featuring several fantastic structural characteristics, including a great diversity of building units and cross-linking patterns, precise integration of building blocks, and adjustable topology of porous architecture. In addition to the above features, some COF samples are constructed with high-density conjugated fragments, which have unique potential advantages in fluorescence imaging, and thus may have great potential applications in bioimaging. Herein, this article summarizes the recent progress in the design and preparation of fluorescent covalent organic frameworks. We investigate the systemic correlation between the structural qualities of COF networks and biological sensors. Finally, the significant advantages, major challenges, and future opportunities of fluorescent covalent organic frameworks are discussed for the development of next-generation porous materials for sensing applications.

A Less-is-More Strategy for Mitochondria-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) faces a dilemma: low-power is insufficient to kill pro-inflammatory cells while high-power exacerbates inflammation. Herein, mitochondrial targeting is introduced in PDT of RA to implement a "less-is-more" strategy, where higher apoptosis in pro-inflammatory cells are achieved with lower laser power. In arthritic rats, chlorine 6-loaded and mitochondria-targeting liposomes (Ce6@M-Lip) passively accumulated in inflamed joints, entered pro-inflammatory macrophages, and actively localized to mitochondria, leading to enhanced mitochondrial dysfunction under laser irradiation. By effectively disrupting mitochondria, pro-inflammatory macrophages are more susceptible to PDT, resulting in increased apoptosis initiation. Additionally, it identifies that high-power irradiation caused cell rupture and release of endogenous danger signals that recruited and activated additional macrophages. In contrast, under low-power irradiation, mitochondria-targeting Ce6@M-Lip not only prevented inflammation but also reduced pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Overall, targeting mitochondria reconciled therapeutic efficacy and inflammation, thus enabling efficacious yet inflammation-sparing PDT for RA. This highlights the promise of mitochondrial targeting to resolve the dilemma between anti-inflammatory efficacy and inflammatory exacerbation in PDT by implementing a "less-is-more" strategy.

Durable Attenuation of Tumor pH-Platelet Linkage Reinstates Bioorthogonal Targeting of Residual Tumors Post-Debulking.

There are circumstances where tumors can only be partially resected. Therefore, multimodality therapy targeting post-operative residuals is important. Here, we show that bioorthogonal click chemistry enables targeted delivery to heterogeneous tumors, but its utility against tumor post-debulking is ineffective due to platelet cloaks that shield tumor cells from bioorthogonal pairing. We further discover tumor-infiltrating platelet levels respond to local pH changes. Elucidating this pH-platelet linkage, we design an injectable hydrogel for resection cavity implantation that simultaneously azido-tags tumor cells and inhibit their catalysis to acidify surrounding milieu. Unlike transient buffering, tumor acidification blockade sustains pH normalization, leading to durable platelet reduction. This reinstates bioorthogonal targeting of dibenzyl cyclooctyne-modified nanoparticles, thereby enhancing photodynamic ablation of residuals while amplifying systemic antitumor immunity. Concurrently, platelet/pH normalization interrupts metastasis cascade from invasion to circulation to colonization. Overall, attenuating tumor pH-platelet linkage unlocks bioorthogonal chemistry as a potential option for adjuvant therapy after tumor debulking.

Molecular identification and validation of four stable QTL for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in Chinese wheat cultivar Bainong 64.

KEY MESSAGE: Four stable QTL for adult-plant resistance (APR) to powdery mildew were identified on chromosome arms 1DL, 2BS, 2DL, and 6BL in the widely grown Chinese wheat cultivar Bainong 64. These QTL had no effect on response to stripe rust or leaf rust. Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a devastating fungal disease. Seedlings of Chinese wheat Bainong 64 are susceptible to Bgt, but adult plants have maintained resistance since it was released in 1996. A population of 171 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from cross Jingshuang 16/Bainong 64 (JS16/BN64) was used to dissect genetic components of powdery mildew resistance. A genetic map comprising 5383 polymorphic markers was constructed using the 15 K SNP chip and kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers. Composite interval mapping identified four stable QTL with favorable alleles all from BN64 on chromosome arms 1DL, 2BS, 2DL, and 6BL in at least four environments. They accounted for 8.3%, 13.8%, 14.4%, and 9.0% of the total phenotypic variation explained (PVE) in maximum, respectively. QPmjbr.caas-1DL, situated about 22 Mb from centromere, is probably a new QTL. QPmjbr.caas-2DL located near the end of arm 2DL and explained the largest PVE. Using genetic maps populated with KASP markers, QPmjbr.caas-2BS and QPmjbr.caas-6BL were fine mapped to a 1.8 cM genetic intervals spanning 13.6 Mb (76.0-89.6 Mb) and 1.7 cM and 4.9 Mb (659.9-664.8 Mb), respectively. The four QTL independent of stripe rust and leaf rust resistance were validated for powdery mildew resistance in another RIL population related to BN64 and a cultivar panel using representative KASP markers. Since BN64 has been a leading cultivar and an important breeding parent in China, the QTL and markers reported in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection of APR.

Anxiety, depression, and quality of life in postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients under the intervention of cognitive-behavioral stress management.

Objective: Cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) is a psychotherapy that helps patients cognize and manage stress to improve mental health and quality of life. This study aimed to explore the influence of CBSM on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: In total, 172 NSCLC patients who received tumor resection were randomized 1:1 into the usual care (UC) group (N = 86) and CBSM group (N = 86) to receive 10-week UC and CBSM interventions. Moreover, all participants attended a 6-month follow-up. Results: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS)-anxiety score at 3rd month (M3) (P = 0.015) and 6th month (M6) (P = 0.018), HADS-depression score at M3 (P = 0.040) and M6 (P = 0.028), and depression rate at M6 (P = 0.035) were descended in CBSM group compared to UC group. Besides, depression severity was reduced at M6 (P = 0.041) in CBSM group compared to UC group, but anxiety severity only showed a decreased trend (P = 0.051). Additionally, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) global health status score and QLQ-C30 function score at 1st month (M1), M3, and M6 were elevated (all P < 0.05), while QLQ-C30 symptoms score was declined at M1 (P = 0.031) and M3 (P = 0.014) in CBSM group compared to UC group. Notably, the efficacy of CBSM was impressive in patients with baseline depression or undergoing adjuvant therapy. Conclusion: CBSM is a feasible intervention that effectively improves mental health and quality of life in postoperative NSCLC patients.

Molecular characterization and validation of adult-plant stripe rust resistance gene Yr86 in Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 895.

KEY MESSAGE: Adult-plant stripe rust resistance gene Yr86 in Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 895 was mapped to the physical interval 710.2-713.2 Mb on the long arm of chromosome 2A. Adult-plant resistance to stripe rust is generally more durable than all-stage resistance. Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 895 showed stable stripe rust resistance at the adult-plant stage. To map the genetic loci underlying its resistance, 171 doubled haploid (DH) lines from a Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 cross were genotyped with the wheat 660 K SNP chip. Disease severities of the DH population and parents were assessed in four environments. A major QTL designated QYryz.caas-2AL was mapped to interval 703.7-715.3 Mb on the long arm of chromosome 2A using both chip-based and KASP (kompetitive allele-specific PCR) marker-based methods, explaining 31.5 to 54.1% of the phenotypic variances. The QTL was further validated in an F2 population of cross Emai 580/Zhongmai 895 with 459 plants and a panel of 240 wheat cultivars using KASP markers. Three reliable KASP markers predicted a low frequency (7.2-10.5%) of QYryz.caas-2AL in the test panel and remapped the gene to the physical interval 710.2-713.2 Mb. Based on different physical positions or genetic effects from known genes or QTL on chromosome arm 2AL, the gene was predicted to be a new one for adult-plant stripe rust resistance and was named Yr86. Twenty KASP markers linked to Yr86 were developed in this study based on wheat 660 K SNP array and genome re-sequencing. Three of them are significantly associated with stripe rust resistance in natural population. These markers should be useful for marker-assisted selection and also provide a starting point for fine mapping and map-based cloning of the new resistance gene.

Accumulation of Wheat Phenolic Acids under Different Nitrogen Rates and Growing Environments.

The health benefits of whole wheat grains are partially attributed to their phenolic acid composition, especially that of trans-ferulic acid (TFA), which is a powerful natural antioxidant. Breeders and producers are becoming interested in wheat with enhanced health-promoting effects. This study investigated the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates (0, 42, 84, 126, and 168 N kg ha-1) on the phenolic acid composition of three wheat varieties in four locations for two years. The results indicate that the different N rates did not affect the TFA concentration but that they significantly affected the concentrations of para-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, and cis-ferulic acid in the wheat grains. A statistical analysis suggested that the wheat phenolic acid composition was predominantly determined by wheat variety, though there existed some interaction effect between the wheat variety and environments. The TFA concentration of the variety Jimai 22 was generally higher (with a mean value of 726.04 µg/g) but was easily affected by the environment, while the TFA concentration of the variety Zhongmai 578 (with a mean value of 618.01 µg/g) was more stable across the different environments. The results also suggest that it is possible to develop new wheat varieties with high yield potential, good end-use properties, and enhanced nutraceutical values.

Fine mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in bread wheat.

KEY MESSAGE: A stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 was mapped to a genomic interval of 636.4 kb on chromosome arm 2AL, and a candidate gene was predicted. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST), is a worldwide wheat disease that causes large losses in production. Fine mapping and cloning of resistance genes are important for accurate marker-assisted breeding. Here, we report the fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in a Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175. Fifteen F1, 7,325 F2 plants and 117 F2:3 lines derived from cross Avocet S/Zhongmai 175 were inoculated with PST race CYR32 at the seedling stage in a greenhouse, and F2:3 lines were also evaluated for stripe rust reaction in the field using mixed PST races. Bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) analyses revealed 13 SNPs in the region 762.50-768.52 Mb on chromosome arm 2AL. By genome mining, we identified SNPs and InDels between the parents and contrasting bulks and mapped YrZM175 to a 0.72-cM, 636.4-kb interval spanned by YrZM175-InD1 and YrZM175-InD2 (763,452,916-764,089,317 bp) including two putative disease resistance genes based on IWGSC RefSeq v1.0. Collinearity analysis indicated similar target genomic intervals in Chinese Spring, Aegilops tauschii (2D: 647.7-650.5 Mb), Triticum urartu (2A: 750.7-752.3 Mb), Triticum dicoccoides (2A: 771.0-774.5 Mb), Triticum turgidum (2B: 784.7-788.2 Mb), and Triticum aestivum cv. Aikang 58 (2A: 776.3-778.9 Mb) and Jagger (2A: 789.3-791.7 Mb). Through collinearity analysis, sequence alignments of resistant and susceptible parents and gene expression level analysis, we predicted TRITD2Bv1G264480 from Triticum turgidum to be a candidate gene for map-based cloning of YrZM175. A gene-specific marker for TRITD2Bv1G264480 co-segregated with the resistance gene. Molecular marker analysis and stripe rust response data revealed that YrZM175 was different from genes Yr1, Yr17, Yr32, and YrJ22 located on chromosome 2A. Fine mapping of YrZM175 lays a solid foundation for functional gene analysis and marker-assisted selection for improved stripe rust resistance in wheat.

Molecular mapping and characterization of QBp.caas-3BL for black point resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

KEY MESSAGE: We fine-mapped QBp.caas-3BL for black point resistance in an interval of 1.7 Mb containing five high-confidence annotated genes and developed a KASP marker suitable for selection of QBp.caas-3BL. Wheat black point, which occurs in most wheat-growing regions of the world, is detrimental to grain appearance, processing and nutrient quality. Mining and characterization of genetic loci for black point resistance are helpful for breeding resistant wheat cultivars. We previously identified a major QTL QBp.caas-3BL in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of Linmai 2/Zhong 892 across five environments. Here we confirmed the QTL in two additional environments. The genetic region of QBp.caas-3BL was enriched with newly developed markers. Using four sets of near isogenic lines, QBp.caas-3BL was narrowed down to a physical interval of approximately 1.7 Mb, including five annotated genes according to IWGSC reference genome. TraesCS3B02G404300, TraesCS3B02G404600 and TraesCS3B02G404700 were predicted as candidate genes based on the analyses of sequence polymorphisms and differential expression. We also converted a SNP of TraesCS3B02G404700 into a breeding-applicable KASP marker and verified its efficacy for marker-assisted breeding in a panel of germplasm. The findings not only lay a foundation for map-based cloning of QBp.caas-3BL but also provide a useful marker for selection of resistant cultivars genotypes in wheat breeding.

Molecular Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in a Doubled Haploid Population of Chinese Bread Wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide, particularly in China. To map genetic loci underlying FHB resistance, a doubled haploid (DH) population consisting of 174 lines was developed from a cross between widely grown Chinese cultivars Yangmai 16 and Zhongmai 895. The DH population and parents were evaluated in field nurseries at Wuhan in 2016 to 2017 and 2017 to 2018 crop seasons with both spray inoculation and natural infection, and at Jingzhou in 2017 to 2018 crop season with grain-spawn inoculation. The DH lines were genotyped with a wheat 660K SNP array. The FHB index, plant height, anther extrusion, and days to anthesis were recorded and used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. Seven QTL for FHB resistance were mapped to chromosome arms 3BL, 4AS, 4BS, 4DS, 5AL, 6AL, and 6BS in at least two environments. QFhb.caas-4BS and QFhb.caas-4DS co-located with semi-dwarfing alleles Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, respectively, and were associated with anther extrusion. The other five QTL were genetically independent of the agronomic traits, indicating their potential value when breeding for FHB resistance. Based on correlations between FHB indices and agronomic traits in this population, we concluded that increasing plant height to some extent would enhance FHB resistance, that anther extrusion had a more important role in environments with less severe FHB, and that days to anthesis were independent of the FHB response when viewed across years. PCR-based markers were developed for the 3BL and 5AL QTL, which were detected in more than three environments. The InDel marker InDel_AX-89588684 for QFhb.caas-5AL was also validated on a wheat panel, confirming its effectiveness for marker-assisted breeding for improvements in FHB resistance.

Characterization and antioxidant activities of intracellular polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (QuéL.) Sacc. Chaidam ZJU-CDMA-12.

The antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from the fruiting body (PFB), extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) from Agaricus bitorquis (QuéL.) Sacc. Chaidam ZJU-CDMA-12 in vitro were compared. IPS showed stronger antioxidant activities than PFB and EPS in vitro. Further purification and structure analyses indicated that IPS mainly consisted of three fractions (IPS-I, IPS-II and IPS-III). FT-IR and NMR data indicated that IPS was mainly composed of (1 â†’ 6)-linked α-d-glucose. There are significant differences of antioxidant activities among IPS-I, IPS-II and IPS-III fractions in vitro, and IPS-III showed stronger antioxidant activity than IPS-I and IPS-II. IPS-III also possesses a potent antioxidant ability inside HepG2 cells, and it could protect HepG2 cells from H2O2-induced cytotoxicity by scavenging overproduced cellular ROS and inhibiting SOD, CAT and GSH depletion to weaken lipid peroxidation. These findings suggested that IPS-III could be a novel antioxidant and that it could afford protection against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress.

Identification of a PRKAR1A mutation (c.491_492delTG) in familial cardiac myxoma: A case report.

RATIONALE: Cardiac myxoma is the most common cardiac neoplasm. Currently, there are not many reports on familial cardiac myxoma. Herein, we reported 2 first-degree relatives with left atrial myxoma. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 20-year-old female was admitted in our hospital for lapsing into a coma for 24 hours, and was diagnosed with recurrent left atrial cardiac myxoma. The patient's father also had a history of cardiac myxoma. DIAGNOSIS: The patient was diagnosed with left atrial myxoma using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a p.Val164Aspfs (c.491-492delTG) mutation in the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory (R) subunit 1 (PRKAR1A) gene for both the proband and her father, but not in her uncle and brother, who had not shown manifestation of cardiac myxoma by the time of this report. INTERVENTIONS: The myxoma resection was performed following the standard procedure of open chest surgery. OUTCOMES: The tumor was successfully removed along with the tuberculum. The patient recovered well and was discharged home. No recurrence occurred during 1-year follow-up. LESSONS: Our findings suggest that PRKAR1A mutation (c.491_492delTG) may be associated with cardiac myxoma, and genetic counseling and specific locus mutation tests may contribute to assessing the risk of cardiac myxoma.

Preparation of a 6-OH quaternized chitosan derivative through click reaction and its application to novel thermally induced/polyelectrolyte complex hydrogels.

In the present study, a chitosan derivative with long chain quaternary ammonium locating grafted at 6-OH (CTS-6-QAS) was designed and prepared via a novel click reaction. The structure and thermal stability of the products of each step were determined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Rheological tests indicate that CTS-6-QAS possesses excellent thermally induced hydrogel formation property in the presence of ß-glycerophosphate (ß-GP). Based on these results, a novel thermally induced/polyelectrolyte complex CTS-6-QAS/alginate (SA)/ß-GP dual-network hydrogel was designed. This controllable preparation method can avoid the disadvantages of the preparation methods for single thermo-induced hydrogels and polyelectrolyte complex hydrogels, and promote the homogeneity of the hydrogel. Porous sponges were prepared by freeze-drying the CTS-6-QASSA/ß-GP hydrogels. The effects of hydrogel preparation conditions on the porous structure and swelling property of the sponges were quantitatively investigated. Tea tree oil (TTO), a natural antibacterial agent, was successfully embedded in the hydrogel due to the lipophilicity of the long chain quaternary ammonium grafted at 6-OH of chitosan. The sustained release of TTO from the hydrogel was studied.

Novel karyotypes of partial monosomy 21 and partial monosomy 1 and underlying etiology.

We report two novel karyotypes in the siblings of a Chinese family, 45,XY,der(1)t(1;21)(q44;q21)mat,-21 and 45,XX,der(1)t(1;21)(q44;q21)mat,-21. These karyotypes are the result of unbalanced inheritance of a maternal balanced reciprocal translocation 46,XX,t(1;21)(q44;q21). Both patients share a phenotype of intellectual disability, facial malformation, and infertility. The infertility is manifest by: azoospermia in the brother and recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) in the sister. Database search revealed recurrent copy number losses associated with these translocated regions. Here we propose that the partial deletion of the gene SMYD3 is responsible for both the intellectual disability in both patients, as well as the azoospermia in the male patient. Altogether, SMYD3 may be an important candidate gene for future research on male fertility.

Effects of preoperative bromocriptine treatment on prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma surgery.

Pituitary adenomas are benign intracranial endocrine tumors, accounting for ~10% of intracranial tumors. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of preoperative treatment with bromocriptine on the surgical treatment and postoperative complications of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas). Data from 102 patients whose prolactinomas were surgically treated between March 2006 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed in the present study. The study group included 54 patients who had been treated preoperatively with bromocriptine. The patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and coronal computed tomography (CT) scanning, after which the pathological diagnosis of prolactinoma was confirmed. A total of 64 patients underwent total resection surgery through the nose and sphenoid sinus, and 25 patients underwent subtotal resection surgery or excision of a large portion of the tumor, leaving only a small quantity of residual tumor or tumor capsule. Patients were followed up for 1-9 months using MRI and measurements of serum prolactin levels. Seven patients were lost to follow-up. The results of the present study demonstrated that patients who were treated with large doses of bromocriptine or used bromocriptine chronically suffered from an increased rate of surgical difficulties and postoperative complications, as compared with the patents who had not been pre-treated with bromocriptine. In conclusion, oral administration of bromocriptine is important in the treatment of prolactinoma tumors. However, large doses or long-term use of bromocriptine may increase difficulties in surgery or postoperative complications, and reduce its ability to treat prolactinonas, as it can lead to hardening of the tumor tissue and capsules, and aggravate pituitary stalk adhesions.

Preparation of porous carboxymethyl chitosan grafted poly (acrylic acid) superabsorbent by solvent precipitation and its application as a hemostatic wound dressing.

The volume phase transition of a hydrogel initiated by shrinking may result in complex patterns on its surface. Based on this unique property of hydrogel, we have developed a novel solvent precipitation method to prepare a kind of novel superabsorbent polymers with excellent hemostatic properties. A porous carboxymethyl chitosan grafted poly (acrylic acid) (CMCTS-g-PAA) superabsorbent polymer was prepared by precipitating CMCTS-g-PAA hydrogel with ethanol. Its potential application in hemostatic wound dressing was investigated. The results indicate that the modified superabsorbent polymer is non-cytotoxic. It showed a high swelling capacity and better hemostatic performance in the treatments of hemorrhage model of ear artery, arteria cruralis and spleen of the New Zealand white rabbit than the unmodified polymer and other commonly used clinic wound dressings. The hemostatic mechanism of the porous CMCTS-g-PAA polymer was also discussed.

[Construction effect of fertile cultivated layer in black soil].

The clayey farmland soil in black soil region of Northeast China, due to the existence of thicker plough pan created by unreasonable tillage, is a main limiting factor for local agricultural production. In this paper, a field experiment was conducted to study the construction effect of fertile cultivated layer on crop yield, soil physical properties, soil moisture content, and soil microbial number. After the construction of fertile cultivated layer, the soil had a thicker cultivated layer, and the crop yield was increased. Comparing with traditional tillage, applying straw and organic manure into 20-35 cm soil layer decreased soil bulk density by 9.88% and 6.20%, increased soil porosity by 9.58% and 6.02%, and enhanced soil saturated hydraulic conductivity by 167.99 and 73.78%, respectively, indicating that the construction of fertile cultivated layer could improve soil aeration and water permeability, and enhance the infiltration of rainfall. The soil moisture content and water use efficiency under the application of straw and organic manure into plough pan were higher than those under traditional tillage, and a positive correlation was observed between the moisture content in 0-35 cm soil layer and the emergence of maize seedlings. Due to the increased organic carbon source and aeration in the constructed fertile cultivated layer, soil microbial number was also increased.

[Detection of myocardial lesion in patients with acute ammonia poisoning].

OBJECTIVE: To find a better index for detecting myocardial lesion in patients with acute ammonia poisoning. METHODS: Cardiac troponin T (cTnT), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and electrocardiogram (ECG) were determined and compared in patients with acute ammonia poisoning and healthy controls. RESULTS: In severe ammonia poisoning patients, the levels of cTnT [(1.285 +/- 2.650) micro g/L], CK [(257.636 +/- 362.719) IU/L], CK-MB [(20.909 +/- 19.770) IU/L] were significantly higher than those in healthy control [(0.035 +/- 0.014) micro g/L, (82.050 +/- 36.302) IU/L, (8.350 +/- 2.455) IU/L respectively, P < 0.05]. The levels of cTnT, CK and CK-MB in mild ammonia poisoning patients [(0.039 +/- 0.016) micro g/L, (78.200 +/- 28.401) IU/L and (8.467 +/- 2.669) IU/L respectively], and moderate ammonia poisoning patients [(0.054 +/- 0.043) micro g/L, (99.786 +/- 71.941) IU/L and (9.429 +/- 3.857) IU/L were not significantly different from those of healthy controls (P > 0.05)]. cTnT positive detection rate (68.2%) was significantly higher than CK (36.4%), CK-MB (31.2%) and ECG (31.2%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: cTnT is a better index to detect myocardial lesion in severe ammonia poisoning.