Dimensional and Doping Engineering of Chiral Perovskites with Enhanced Spin Selectivity for Green Emissive Spin Light-Emitting Diodes.

Chiral perovskites play a pivotal role in spintronics and optoelectronic systems attributed to their chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Specifically, they allow for spin-polarized charge transport in spin light-emitting diodes (LEDs), yielding circularly polarized electroluminescence at room temperature without external magnetic fields. However, chiral lead bromide-based perovskites have yet to achieve high-performance green emissive spin-LEDs, owing to limited CISS effects and charge transport. Herein, we employ dimensional regulation and Sn2+-doping to optimize chiral bromide-based perovskite architecture for green emissive spin-LEDs. The optimized (PEA)x(S/R-PRDA)2-xSn0.1Pb0.9Br4 chiral perovskite film exhibits an enhanced CISS effect, higher hole mobility, and better energy level alignment with the emissive layer. These improvements allow us to fabricate green emissive spin-LEDs with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.7% and an asymmetry factor |gCP-EL| of 1.1 × 10-3. This work highlights the importance of tailored perovskite architectures and doping strategies in advancing spintronics for optoelectronic applications.

Identification and Characterization of long non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland Tissues of Chinese Holstein Cows.

LncRNAs (Long non-coding RNA) is an RNA molecule with a length more than 200bp. LncRNAs can directly act on mRNA, thus affecting the expression of downstream target genes and proteins, and widely participate in many important physiological and pathological regulation processes of the body. In this study, RNA-Seq was performed to detect lncRNAs from mammary gland tissues of 3 Chinese Holstein cows, including 3 cows at 7 days before calving and the same 3 cows at 30 days postpartum (early lactation stage). A total of 1,905 novel lncRNAs were detected, 57.3% of the predicted lncRNAs are ≥ 500bp and 612 lncRNAs are intronic lncRNAs. The exon number of lncRNAs ranged from 2 to 10. A total of 96 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between two stages, which 47 were upregulated and 49 were downregulated. Pathway analysis found that target genes were mainly concentrated on the ECM-receptor interaction, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. This study revealed the expression profile and characteristics of lncRNAs in the mammary gland tissues of Holstein cows at non-lactation and early lactation period, and providing a basis for studying the functions of lncRNAs in Holstein cows during different lactation periods.

Characterization of PANoptosis-related genes and the immune landscape in moyamoya disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular narrowing and occlusive condition characterized by progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and the formation of an abnormal network of dilated, fragile perforators at the base of the brain. However, the role of PANoptosis, an apoptotic mechanism associated with vascular disease, has not been elucidated in MMD. In our study, a total of 40 patients' genetic data were included, and a total of 815 MMD-related differential genes were screened, including 215 upregulated genes and 600 downregulated genes. Among them, DNAJA3, ESR1, H19, KRT18 and STK3 were five key genes. These five key genes were associated with a variety of immune cells and immune factors. Moreover, GSEA (gene set enrichment analysis) and GSVA (gene set variation analysis) showed that the different expression levels of the five key genes affected multiple signaling pathways associated with MMD. In addition, they were associated with the expression of MMD-related genes. Then, based on the five key genes, a transcription factor regulatory network was constructed. In addition, targeted therapeutic drugs against MMD-related genes were obtained by the Cmap drug prediction method: MST-312, bisacodyl, indirubin, and tropanyl-3,5-dimethylbenzoate. These results suggest that the PANoptosis-related genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of MMD through multiple mechanisms.

Elucidation of the anti-gastric cancer mechanism of Guiqi Baizhu Formula by integrative approach of chemical bioinformatics.

Gastric cancer (GC) has posed a great threat to the lives of people around the world. To date, safer and more cost-effective therapy for GC is lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide some new options for this. Guiqi Baizhu Formula (GQBZF), a classic TCM formula, has been extensively used to treat GC, while its bioactive components and therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the underlying mechanisms of GQBZF in treating GC by integrative approach of chemical bioinformatics. GQBZF lyophilized powder (0.0625 mg/mL, 0.125 mg/mL) significantly attenuated the expression of p-IGF1R, PI3K, p-PDK1, p-VEGFR2 to inhibit the proliferation, migration and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, which was consistent with the network pharmacology. Additionally, atractylenolide Ⅰ, quercetin, glycyrol, physcione and aloe-emodin, emodin, kaempferol, licoflavone A were found to be the key compounds of GQBZF regulating IGF1R and VEGFR2, respectively. And among which, glycyrol and emodin were determined as key active compounds against GC by farther vitro experiments and LC/MS. Meanwhile, we also found that glycyrol inhibited MKN-45 cells proliferation and enhanced apoptosis, which might be related to the inhibition of IGF1R/PI3K/PDK1, and emodin could significantly attenuate the MKN-45 cells migration, which might be related to the inhibition of VEGFR2-related signaling pathway. These results were verified again by molecular dynamics simulation and binding interaction pattern. In summary, this study suggested that GQBZF and its key active components (glycyrol and emodin) can suppress IGF1R/PI3K/PDK1 and VEGFR2-related signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration and inducing apoptosis. These findings provided an important strategy for developing new agents and facilitated clinical use of GQBZF against GC.

Fortified Dual-Spectral Overlap with Enhanced Colorimetric/Fluorescence Dual-Response Immunochromatography for On-Site Bimodal-Type Gentamicin Monitoring.

Immunochromatography (ICA) remains untapped toward enhanced sensitivity and applicability for fulfilling the nuts and bolts of on-site food safety surveillance. Herein, we report a fortified dual-spectral overlap with enhanced colorimetric/fluorescence dual-response ICA for on-site bimodal-type gentamicin (Gen) monitoring by employing polydopamine (PDA)-coated AuNPs (APDA) simultaneously serving as a colorimetric reporter and a fluorescence quencher. Availing of the enhanced colorimetric response that originated from the PDA layer, the resultant APDA exhibits less required antibody and immunoprobes in a single immunoassay, which facilitates improved antibody utilization efficiency and immuno-recognition in APDA-ICA. Further integrated with the advantageous features of fortified excitation and emission dual-spectral overlap for the Arg/ATT-AuNCs, this APDA-ICA with a "turn on/off" pattern achieves the visual limits of detection of 1.0 and 0.5 ng mL-1 for colorimetric and fluorescence patterns (25- and 50-fold lower than standard AuNPs-ICA). Moreover, the excellent self-calibration and satisfactory recovery of 79.03-118.04% were shown in the on-site visual colorimetric-fluorescence analysis for Gen in real environmental media (including real river water, an urban aquaculture water body, an aquatic product, and an animal byproduct). This work provides the feasibility of exploiting fortified dual-spectral overlap with an enhanced colorimetric/fluorescence dual response for safeguarding food safety and public health.

Effect of tremella polysaccharides on the quality of collagen jelly: insight into the improvement of the gel properties and the antioxidant activity of yak skin gelatin.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of tremella polysaccharides on the gel properties and antioxidant activity of yak skin gelatin with a view to improving the quality of collagen jellies. The preparation of composite gels were performed by yak skin gelatin (66.7 mg mL-1) and tremella polysaccharides with different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 mg mL-1), and finally the collagen jelly was prepared by composite gel (yak skin gelatin: 66.7 mg mL-1; tremella polysaccharides:6 mg mL-1) with the best performance. RESULTS: Tremella polysaccharides not only improved the hardness, springiness, gel strength, water holding capacity and melting temperature of yak skin gelatin, but also enhanced the composite gel's scavenging activity against ABTS radicals, DPPH radicals, O2 and OH radicals. The filling of tremella polysaccharides into the gelatin network increased the number of crosslinking sites inside the gel, which resulted in the gel network structure becoming dense and orderly. The gel particles became finer and more uniform, and the thermal stability was improved. Furthermore, the sensory score of commercially available gelatin jelly decreased more rapidly during storage compared to the composite gel jelly. CONCLUSION: The gel properties and antioxidant activity of yak skin gelatin were improved by adding tremella polysaccharides, and then the quality and storage properties of the jelly were improved, which also provided technical reference for the development of functional gel food. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Investigation of temperature effects on wide steel box girder of suspension bridge based on long-term monitoring data.

The time-varying temperature distributions on bridge structures may remarkably change structural performance, which may result in differential strain/stress responses on structural members compared with the design conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of temperature distributions and its effects on bridges. In this study, taking advantage of structural health monitoring technology, 1-year field monitoring data collected from a long-span suspension bridge were used to investigate the temperature distributions and their effects on the steel box girder. Specifically, the distributions and probability statistics of temperatures on the top and bottom plates were firstly analyzed. Based on which, the transverse and vertical temperature differences on the box girder were further examined, moreover, the representative values of temperature differences for various return periods were calculated by exceedance probability method. At end, a temperature prediction method was proposed to simulated the temperature field distributions during bridge life cycle, to provide substantial temperature data for estimating future operation condition. The results of this study were beneficial to structural evaluation of in-service bridges to ensure their serviceability and integrity in the life cycle.

Machine-Learning-Assisted Aggregation-Induced Emissive Nanosilicon-Based Sensor Array for Point-of-Care Identification of Multiple Foodborne Pathogens.

How timely identification and determination of pathogen species in pathogen-contaminated foods are responsible for rapid and accurate treatments for food safety accidents. Herein, we synthesize four aggregation-induced emissive nanosilicons with different surface potentials and hydrophobicities by encapsulating four tetraphenylethylene derivatives differing in functional groups. The prepared nanosilicons are utilized as receptors to develop a nanosensor array according to their distinctive interactions with pathogens for the rapid and simultaneous discrimination of pathogens. By coupling with machine-learning algorithms, the proposed nanosensor array achieves high performance in identifying eight pathogens within 1 h with high overall accuracy (93.75-100%). Meanwhile, Cronobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes are taken as model bacteria for the quantitative evaluation of the developed nanosensor array, which can successfully distinguish the concentration of C. sakazakii and L. monocytogenes at more than 103 and 102 CFU mL-1, respectively, and their mixed samples at 105 CFU mL-1 through the artificial neural network. Moreover, eight pathogens at 1 × 104 CFU mL-1 in milk can be successfully identified by the developed nanosensor array, indicating its feasibility in monitoring food hazards.

The calculated electronic and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 based on the first principles.

INTRODUCTION: The electronic and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 have been investigated by CASTEP using first principles. It is found that ß-Ga2O3 has an indirect band gap and the conduction band base is located at the Γ point. The stability of ß-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the calculation of elastic constants, and the ductility of ß-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the ratio of Poisson's ratio to shear modulus. The optical property analysis shows that ß-Ga2O3 has a high absorption capacity in the ultraviolet region, but a low absorption capacity in visible and infrared light. CONTEXT: The structure, optical, and electronic properties of ß-Ga2O3 are calculated and analyzed based on first-principles calculation. The optimized structures of ß-Ga2O3 are in good agreement with previously studied. In this paper, the elastic, electronic, and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 are calculated. METHODS: The CASTEP code was employed to execute these calculations in the present work, where the exchange-correlation interactions were treated in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional in the geometry optimizations and electronic and elastic properties.

Bioretention Design Modifications Increase the Simulated Capture of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Trace Organic Compounds.

Stormwater rapidly moves trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) from the built environment to the aquatic environment. Bioretention cells reduce loadings of some TrOCs, but they struggle with hydrophilic compounds. Herein, we assessed the potential to enhance TrOC removal via changes in bioretention system design by simulating the fate of seven high-priority stormwater TrOCs (e.g., PFOA, 6PPD-quinone, PAHs) with log KOC values between -1.5 and 6.74 in a bioretention cell. We evaluated eight design and management interventions for three illustrative use cases representing a highway, a residential area, and an airport. We suggest two metrics of performance: mass advected to the sewer network, which poses an acute risk to aquatic ecosystems, and total mass advected from the system, which poses a longer-term risk for persistent compounds. The optimized designs for each use case reduced effluent loadings of all but the most polar compound (PFOA) to <5% of influent mass. Our results suggest that having the largest possible system area allowed bioretention systems to provide benefits during larger events, which improved performance for all compounds. To improve performance for the most hydrophilic TrOCs, an amendment like biochar was necessary; field-scale research is needed to confirm this result. Our results showed that changing the design of bioretention systems can allow them to effectively capture TrOCs with a wide range of physicochemical properties, protecting human health and aquatic species from chemical impacts.

MSMTSeg: Multi-Stained Multi-Tissue Segmentation of Kidney Histology Images via Generative Self-Supervised Meta-Learning Framework.

Accurately diagnosing chronic kidney disease requires pathologists to assess the structure of multiple tissues under different stains, a process that is timeconsuming and labor-intensive. Current AI-based methods for automatic structure assessment, like segmentation, often demand extensive manual annotation and focus on single stain domain. To address these challenges, we introduce MSMTSeg, a generative self-supervised meta-learning framework for multi-stained multi-tissue segmentation in renal biopsy whole slide images (WSIs). MSMTSeg incorporates multiple stain transform models for style translation of inter-stain domains, a self-supervision module for obtaining pre-trained models with the domain-specific feature representation, and a meta-learning strategy that leverages generated virtual data and pre-trained models to learn the domain-invariant feature representation across multiple stains, thereby enhancing segmentation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that MSMTSeg achieves superior and robust performance, with mDSC of 0.836 and mIoU of 0.718 for multiple tissues under different stains, using only one annotated training sample for each stain. Our ablation study confirms the effectiveness of each component, positioning MSMTSeg ahead of classic advanced segmentation networks, recent few-shot segmentation methods, and unsupervised domain adaptation methods. In conclusion, our proposed few-shot cross-domain technology offers a feasible and cost-effective solution for multi-stained renal histology segmentation, providing convenient assistance to pathologists in clinical practice. The source code and conditionally accessible data are available at https://github.com/SnowRain510/MSMTSeg.

Association of urinary calcium excretion with chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

PURPOSE: Herein, we investigated the correlation between urinary calcium excretion (UCaE) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: From August 2018 to January 2023, a total of 2031 T2DM patients providing 24-h urine samples were included in the final analyses. Patients were separated into four cohorts, based on the UCaE quartiles. We then analyzed renal functional indicators like estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) among the four groups. Lastly, we utilized multivariable logistic regression models to investigate the correlation between UCaE and CKD. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounding factors, we observed a decreasing trend in CKD prevalence (36.3%, 13.0%, 7.5%, and 6.6%, respectively, P < 0.001) across the UCaE quartiles. Albuminuria (55.5% vs. 40.0%, 36.5%, 37.4%) and macroalbuminuria prevalence (20.0% vs. 9.3%, 5.2%, 5.7%) in the lowest quartile were markedly elevated, compared to the remaining three quartiles (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the eGFR level (P < 0.001) showed a clearly increasing trend across the UCaE quartiles, and patients with moderate-to-severe decreases in eGFR levels (with cutoff limits at 30-59, 15-30, and < 15 mL/min/1.73m2) were mostly found in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients in the lowest quartile experienced an enhanced prevalence of CKD, relative to those in the highest quartile (odds ratio: 5.90, 95% confidence interval: 3.60-9.67, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Decreased UCaE was independently associated with the CKD prevalence in T2DM patients.

A data-driven analysis to discover research hotspots and trends of technologies for PFAS removal.

The frequent detection of persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in organisms and environment coupled with surging evidence for potential detrimental impacts, have attracted widespread attention throughout the world. In order to reveal research hotspots and trends of technologies for PFAS removal, herein, we performed a data-driven analysis of 3975 papers and 436 patents from Web of Science Core Collection and Derwent Innovation Index databases up to 2023. The results showed that China and the USA led the way in the research of PFAS removal with outstanding contributions to publications. The progression generally transitioned from accidental discovery of decomposition, to experimentation with removal effects and mechanisms of existing methods, and finally to enhanced defluorination and mechanism-driven design approaches. The keywords co-occurrence network and technology classification together revealed the main knowledge framework, which was constructed and correlated through contaminants, substrates, materials, processes and properties. Moreover, adsorption was demonstrated to be the dominant removal process among the current studies. Subsequently, we concluded the principles, advances and drawbacks of enrichment and separation, biological methods, advanced oxidation and reduction processes. Further exploration indicated the hotspots such as alternatives and precursors for PFAS ("genx": 1.258, "f-53b": 0.337), degradable mineralization technologies ("photocatalytic degrad": 0.529, "hydrated electron": 0.374), environment-friendly remediation technologies ("phytoremedi": 0.939, "constructed wetland": 0.462) and combination with novel materials ("metal-organic framework": 1.115, "layered double hydroxid": 0.559) as well as computer science ("molecular dynamics simul": 0.559, "machine learn"). Furthermore, the future direction of technological innovation might lie in high-performance processes that minimize secondary pollution, the development of recyclable and renewable treatment agents, and collaborative control strategies for multiple pollutants. Overall, this study offers comprehensive and objective review for researchers and industry professionals in this field, enabling rapid access to knowledge guidance and insights into research frontiers.

Precise Spectral Overlap-Based Donor-Acceptor Pair for a Sensitive Traffic Light-Typed Bimodal Multiplexed Lateral Flow Immunoassay.

Bimodal-type multiplexed immunoassays with complementary mode-based correlation analysis are gaining increasing attention for enhancing the practicability of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). Nonetheless, the restriction in visually indistinguishable multitargets induced by a single fluorescent color and difficulty in single acceptor ineffectual fluorescence quenching due to the various spectra of multiple different donors impede the further execution of colorimetric-fluorescence bimodal-type multiplexed LFIAs. Herein, the precise spectral overlap-based donor-acceptor pair construction strategy is proposed by regulating the size of the nanocore, coating it with an appropriate nanoshell, and selecting a suitable fluorescence donor with distinct colors. By in situ coating Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) on AuNPs with a tunable size and absorption spectrum, the resultant APNPs demonstrate efficient fluorescence quenching ability, higher colloidal stability, remarkable colorimetric intensity, and an enhanced antibody coupling efficiency, all of which facilitate highly sensitive bimodal-type LFIA analysis. Following integration with competitive-type immunoreaction, this precise spectral overlap-supported spatial separation traffic light-typed colorimetric-fluorescence dual-response assay (coined as the STCFD assay) with the limits of detection of 0.013 and 0.152 ng mL-1 for ractopamine and clenbuterol, respectively, was proposed. This work illustrates the superiority of the rational design of a precise spectral overlap-based donor-acceptor pair, hinting at the enormous potential of the STCFD assay in the point-of-care field.

Perovskite Nanocrystals: Superior Luminogens for Food Quality Detection Analysis.

With the global limited food resources receiving grievous damage from frequent climate changes and ascending global food demand resulting from increasing population growth, perovskite nanocrystals with distinctive photoelectric properties have emerged as attractive and prospective luminogens for the exploitation of rapid, easy operation, low cost, highly accurate, excellently sensitive, and good selective biosensors to detect foodborne hazards in food practices. Perovskite nanocrystals have demonstrated supreme advantages in luminescent biosensing for food products due to their high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield, narrow full width at half-maximum PL, tunable PL in the entire visible spectrum, easy preparation, and various modification strategies compared with conventional semiconductors. Herein, we have carried out a comprehensive discussion concerning perovskite nanocrystals as luminogens in the application of high-performance biosensing of foodborne hazards for food products, including a brief introduction of perovskite nanocrystals, perovskite nanocrystal-based biosensors, and their application in different categories of food products. Finally, the challenges and opportunities faced by perovskite nanocrystals as superior luminogens were proposed to promote their practicality in the future food supply.

Evaluation of cerebrovascular reactivity in moyamoya disease using oxygen-dependent magnetic resonance imaging.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder marked by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid arteries. Assessing cerebral hemodynamics, specifically cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), is vital for MMD management and prognosis. In this study, fMRI was performed in a prospective cohort of 47 patients with MMD and 32 healthy controls to investigate its utility in evaluating CVR and to explore the influence of cerebral posterior circulation compensation on CVR in MMD. The regions where the CVR values of participants with MMD were lower than those of healthy controls were primarily concentrated in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes (p < 0.05). In certain regions mainly supplied by posterior circulation, the CVR values of compensatory-normal subgroup tended to exceed those of compensatory-poor subgroup. fMRI can detect a significant decrease in CVR values in patients with MMD compared to healthy controls. Compensation for the posterior cerebral circulation may affect cerebrovascular reactivity.

A "solo-solvent de novo liquid-phase" method for synthesizing sulfide solid electrolyte Li6PS5Cl.

We report a "solo-solvent de novo liquid-phase" method of synthesizing a highly-favored sulfide electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl) for developing all-solid-state lithium batteries. The key chemistry for such a successful method is that tetrahydropyrrole enables in situ synthesis of the critical precursor Li2S from cheap and air-stable precursors of lithium chloride and sodium sulfide.

Enhanced sandwich immunoassay based on bivalent nanobody as an efficient immobilization approach for foodborne pathogens detection.

BACKGROUND: Nanobodies (Nbs), which consist of only antigen-binding domains of heavy chain antibodies, have been used in a various range of applications due to their excellent properties. Nevertheless, the size of Nbs is so small that their antigen binding sites may be sterically hindered after random fixation as capture antibodies, thus leading to poor detection performance in immunoassays. To address this problem, we have focused on the multivalent modification of Nbs, wanted to retain the advantage of good stability through enlarging the size of Nbs to a certain extent, while improve its affinity and reduce its influence by spatial orientation. RESULTS: Here, we designed homo- and heterodimeric Nbs based on Nb413 and Nb422 which recognize different epitopes of Salmonella. The affinity of engineered bivalent nanobodies for S. Enteritidis were 2 orders of magnitude higher compared to monovalent Nbs and low to sub-nM KD, as calculated by Scatchard analysis. To further explore the potential of bivalent Nbs for the detection of Salmonella, we established a sandwich ELISA based on bivalent and phage-displayed Nbs (BNb-ELISA) for multiplex Salmonella determination. Compared with monovalent Nb-based ELISA, the limit of detection (LOD) of the BNb-ELISA was shown to increase 7.5-fold to 2.364 × 103 CFU mL-1 for S. Enteritidis. In addition, the feasibility of this approach for S. Enteritidis detection in real samples was evaluated, with recoveries ranging from 73.0 % to 125.6 % and coefficients of variation (CV) below 7.68 %. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY: In this study, we developed for the first time bivalent Nbs against Salmonella and examined their improved affinity and impact on the performance of ELISA assay. It confirmed the high binding affinity and good ability of dimeric Nbs to reduce the occupation of the binding sites of immobilized antibodies. Thus, the multivalent modification of Nbs was demonstrated to be a promising means to enhance the performance of Nbs-based immunoassays for foodborne pathogens.

Optimizing waste molasses utilization to enhance electron transfer via micromagnetic carriers: Mechanisms and high-nitrate wastewater denitrification performance.

The biological denitrification of high-nitrate wastewater (HNW) is primarily hindered by insufficient carbon sources and excessive nitrite accumulation. In this study, micromagnetic carriers with varying micromagnetic field (MMF) strengths (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mT) were employed to enhance the denitrification of HNW using waste molasses (WMs) as a carbon source. The results revealed that 0.6 mT MMF significantly improved the total nitrogen removal (TN) efficiency at 96.3%. A high nitrate (NO3--N) removal efficiency at 99.3% with a low nitrite (NO2--N) accumulation at 25.5 mg/L was achieved at 0.6 mT MMF. The application of MMF facilitated the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and stimulated denitrifying enzymes (e.g., nitrate reductase (NAR), nitrite reductase (NIR), and nitric oxide reductase (NOR)), which thereby promoting denitrification. Moreover, the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), tryptophan and fulvic-like substances exhibited their lowest levels at 0.6 mT MMF. Analysis through 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing indicated a significant enrichment of denitrifying bacteria including Castellaniella Klebsiella under the influence of MMF. Besides, the proliferation of Acholeplasma, Klebsiella and Proteiniphilum at 0.6 mT MMF promoted the hydrolysis and acidification of WMs. This study offers new insights into the enhanced utilization of WMs and the denitrification of HNW through the application of MMF.

Weak magnetic carriers reduce nitrite accumulation and boost denitrification at high nitrate concentrations by enriching functional bacteria and enhancing electron transfer.

Biological denitrification is the dominant method for NO3- removal from wastewater, while high NO3- leads to NO2- accumulation and inhibits denitrification performance. In this study, different weak magnetic carriers (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mT) were used to enhance biological denitrification at NO3- of 50-2400 mg/L. The effect of magnetic carriers on the removal and mechanism of denitrification of high NO3- was investigated. The results showed that 0.6 and 0.9 mT carriers significantly enhanced the TN removal efficiency (>99%) and reduced the accumulation of NO2- (by > 97%) at NO3- of 1200-2400 mg/L 0.6 and 0.9 mT carriers stimulated microbial electron transport by improving the abundances of coenzyme Q-cytochrome C reductase (by 4.44-23.30%) and cytochrome C (by 2.90-16.77%), which contributed to the enhanced elimination of NO3- and NO2-. 0.6 and 0.9 mT carriers increased the activities of NAR (by 3.74-37.59%) and NIR (by 5.01-8.24%). The abundance of narG genes in 0.6 and 0.9 mT was 1.47-2.35 and 1.38-1.75 times that of R1, respectively, and the abundance of nirS genes was 1.49-2.83 and 1.55-2.39 times that of R1, respectively. Denitrifying microorganisms, e.g., Halomonas, Thauera and Pseudomonas were enriched at 0.6 and 0.9 mT carriers, which benefited to the advanced denitrification performance. This study suggests that weak magnetic carriers can help to enhance the biological denitrification of high NO3- wastewater.