Resveratrol improves meat quality traits by activating the lncRNAs-KEAP1-NRF2 axis in pigs.

This research aims at uncovering the effects and investigating the molecular mechanisms of dietary resveratrol (RES) supplementation on antioxidant capacity and meat quality of pigs. In this study, 20 µM RES could activate the KEAP1-NRF2 antioxidant defense pathway in response to oxidative stress in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells was firstly found. Then, twenty-four healthy crossbred castrated boars were allocated to 4 treatments that were fed with a basal diet (control) and a basal diet supplemented with 200 mg, 400 mg or 600 mg RES per Kilogram (kg) of feed for 41 days, respectively. 400 and 600 mg/kg RES-supplemented diet can effectively improve the meat quality traits and activities of antioxidizing enzymes via the KEAP1-NRF2 signaling pathway of pigs. The molecular dynamic simulation further revealed that RES could directly binding to KEAP1 to reduce the tightness of KEAP1-NRF2 protein-protein interaction. More importantly, dietary supplementation of RES also improves antioxidant capacity through a series of KEAP1-NRF2 pathway-related lncRNAs were found by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Altogether, this study demonstrated that RES improves meat quality traits by effectively increasing antioxidant levels via the lncRNA-KEAP1-NRF2 axis in vivo and/or in vitro. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which RES, as a nutritional agent, regulates antioxidant capacity and improves meat quality in pigs.

Resveratrol inhibits the formation and accumulation of lipid droplets through AdipoQ signal pathway and lipid metabolism lncRNAs.

Resveratrol (RES) is one of the best-known bioactive polyphenols that has received much attention in recent years because of its importance to anti-obesity. However, the exact mechanism underlying this effect and whether it can improve lipid metabolism by regulating the long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) remains unclear. In this study, 24 healthy crossbred castrated boars were fed a basal diet (control) and a basal diet supplemented with 200 mg, 400 mg or 600 mg RES per Kilogram (kg) of feed for 41 d, respectively. We found that 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg RES-supplemented diet did not affect growth rate, but reduced significantly subcutaneous adipose thickness, carcass fat rate, greater dramatically the serum concentration of adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein in pigs. Further, we verified that RES could inhibit the formation and accumulation of lipid droplets by AdipoQ-AdipoR1-AMPKα and AdipoQ-AdipoR2-PPARα signal pathway in vivo and vitro (3T3-L1 preadipocytes). Transcriptome analyses found that 5 differently expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 77 mRNAs in subcutaneous adipose between control group and 400 mg/kg RES group, which mainly involved in "adipocytokine signaling pathway," "Wnt signaling pathway," "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway." In conclusion, RES can inhibit the formation and accumulation of lipid droplets through AdipoQ signal pathway and lipid metabolism-related lncRNAs. Our results provide a new insight on the molecular mechanism of RES as a nutritional agents to the prevention and treatment for obesity.

Effect of different dosages of sodium butyrate and niacin on growth, faecal microbiota and Vitamin B metabolism in weaned piglets.

AIMS: Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dosages of sodium butyrate and niacin on the growth performance, faecal Vitamin B and microbiota in weaned piglets. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventy-two weaned piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, age of 21 days) were randomly assigned to one of six treatments (12 pigs/treatment); the control (CT) group was administered a basal diet. The groups in which concentration ratios of sodium butyrate to niacin were 100: 1, 100: 2, 100: 4, 100: 8 and 100: 16 (BN1, BN2, BN4, BN8 and BN16) were administered a basal diet supplemented with 2000 mg kg-1 sodium butyrate and 20, 40, 80, 160 or 320 mg·kg-1 niacin. After 14-day treatment, the samples were collected. The results showed that feed conversion rate (FCR) was reduced and average daily gain (ADG) was increased in BN2 (p < 0.05). The diarrhoea index of pigs decreased with the low supplement. Additionally, compared with the CT group, other groups significantly increased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes (BN4, phylum), Lactobacillaceae (BN8, family), Megasphaera (BN8, genus) and Lactobacillus (BN8, genus). Furthermore, the sodium butyrate and niacin supplementation influence Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, pyridoxine, niacin, nicotinamide and Vitamin B12 (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis of the association of micro-organisms with Vitamin B indicated that changes of Vitamin B metabolism have a potential correlation with alterations of faecal microbiota in weaned piglets. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that adding sodium butyrate and niacin in the diet could promote the performance and improve the faecal microbiota and Vitamin B metabolism in weaned piglets. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our study might provide clues to the research of correlations between faecal bacteria and faecal Vitamin B, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in weaned piglets.