[Effect of malaria surveillance and control of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2013].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of malaria surveillance and control of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2013, and explore the suited surveillance and management of imported malaria cases, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the scientific control measures of imported malaria. METHODS: The endemic data and control measures of malaria in Guangxi in 2013 were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: A total of 1 251 malaria cases were found in Guangxi in 2013, with 88.25% (1,104 cases) of falciparum malaria, 8.63% (108 cases) of vivax malaria, 0.64% (8 cases) of quartan malaria, 1.52% (19 cases) of ovale malaria, and 0.96% (12 cases) of mixed infection; 93.21% (1 166 cases) were off-farm workers; 96.56% (1,208 cases) were imported from Africa and mainly consisted of falciparum malaria cases; 3.44% (43 cases) were imported from southeast Asia and mainly consisted of vivax malaria cases. The cases of imported malaria were increasing and the infection rate in 2013 was increased by 464% compared with that in 2012. CONCLUSION: The imported malaria cases in Guangxi mainly come from Africa at present. Promoting the health education and professional skill of malaria control and treatment, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of the patients in early time are important measures to control the imported malaria.

[Pathological observation of lung injury in experimental animals induced by non-ferrous metal (tin) dusts].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characters of lung injury induced by tin dusts and to provide the diagnosis evidence of tin pneumoconiosis. METHODS: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: the group exposed to tin dusts from smelting workshop, the group exposed to tin dusts from tin refining workshop, the positive control group exposed to standard quartz dusts and the negative control group exposed to saline. The pathological changes of rat lungs were observed dynamically. RESULTS: In rats exposed to tin dusts, on the 30th day after exposure to tin dusts, the scattered hoar tip size of the spots in surface and section of the lungs were observed, the scattered focal granulomatous inflammation around the small bronchi and dust particles in lung tissue were observed under microscope; on the 90th day after exposure to tin dusts, the granulomatous inflammation increase, the fibroblasts proliferation, collagen fibers formation and positive VG staining were found. There were significant differences, as compared with positive or negative controls (P < 0.05). These pathological changes were basically the characters of specific pathological changes in early tin pneumoconiosis. CONCLUSION: Non-ferrous metal tin dusts can induce the specific lung injury (granuloma formation) in lung tissue of rats exposed to tin dusts, which fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of specific pathological changes in early tin pneumoconiosis.