Life-Long Aerobic Exercise is a Non-Pharmacological Approach for Inducing Autophagy and Delaying Muscle Atrophy in the Aging Population.

Numerous bodily processes deteriorate with age, chief among them being the loss of muscle mass and function. The condition referred to as aging myasthenia gravis impairs older persons' quality of life and is linked to a higher risk of several chronic illnesses. An increasing number of studies conducted in the last several years has demonstrated that moderate exercise can halt this process. Specifically, by promoting autophagy, aerobic exercise helps to postpone the onset of senile myasthenia gravis. In this work, we will explore how aerobic exercise modulates autophagy to prevent muscle aging and examine the most recent findings in this area of study. We discovered that exercise-induced autophagy can effectively balance protein degradation and relieve skeletal muscle atrophy by looking through pertinent literature. Aerobic exercise has a direct impact on autophagy, but it can also delay the onset of senile myasthenia gravis by enhancing blood flow, lowering inflammation, and boosting muscle oxidative capacity. In order to postpone the onset of senile myasthenia gravis, research on the mechanism of action of aerobic exercise in inducing autophagy will be discussed in detail in this study.

Data analysis of physical recovery and injury prevention in sports teaching based on wearable devices.

Athletes can also cause damage to some parts of their body during training, so specialized preparation activities should be carried out before athlete training to reduce the damage caused to the athlete's body, allowing the stressed parts to move and distribute the load. Excessive recovery has a significant effect on improving the performance level of the athletes studied and preventing sports injuries. This article studies the data analysis of body recovery and injury prevention in physical education teaching based on wearable devices. Real time collection of students' exercise data, including indicators such as exercise volume, heart rate, steps, distance, etc., by wearing wearable devices. By using Internet of Things technology to transmit data to cloud servers, data analysis and mining techniques are used to process the data and study issues related to body recovery and injury prevention. Specifically, this article adopts methods such as time series analysis, machine learning algorithms, and artificial neural networks to analyze the relationship between exercise data and body recovery and injury prevention, providing scientific guidance and support for physical education teaching. This method can monitor students' exercise data in real-time, predict the risk of physical recovery and injury, and provide corresponding prevention and guidance suggestions.

Exercise practice by obese university students in the context of covid-19 / Prática de exercícios por universitários obesos no contexto da covid-19 / Práctica de ejercicios por universitarios obesos en el contexto del covid-19

ABSTRACT Introduction: The epidemic of COVID-19 has harmed the study and life of obese college students. While new research has pointed out that sports can improve body posture and alleviate psychological problems related to obesity. Objective: Explore obese college students' motivation to play sports and the effects of physical training during COVID-19. Methods: 100 obese college students were selected for the aerobic exercise intervention. Functional and biological indicators were analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: Body shape index, body fat content index, and sports quality index showed expressive changes. The average waist circumference decreased from 99.389 cm to 91.233 cm, an average loss of 8 cm; the average body fat was reduced from 34.644 kg to 30.492 kg after training, with an average decrease of 4 kg; vital capacity increased from 4,416.465 ml before training to 4968.085 ml after the intervention, with an average increase of 500 ml. Conclusion: It can be observed that aerobic exercise helps obese college students to improve their sports motivation, with positive impacts on mental health. The encouragement of sports and engagement in physical exercise tend to strengthen healthy habits, ensuring a better quality of life for college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A epidemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo no estudo e na vida dos estudantes universitários obesos. Novas pesquisas apontaram que o esporte pode melhorar a postura corporal e aliviar problemas psicológicos, incluindo aqueles relacionados à obesidade. Objetivo: Explorar a motivação dos estudantes universitários obesos na prática de esportes e os efeitos do treinamento físico durante a COVID-19. Métodos: 100 estudantes universitários obesos foram selecionados para a intervenção com exercícios aeróbicos. Indicadores funcionais e biológicos foram analisados antes e depois do experimento. Resultados: O índice de forma corporal, índice de conteúdo de gordura corporal e índice de qualidade esportiva apresentaram alterações expressivas. A circunferência média da cintura diminuiu de 99,389 cm para 91,233 cm, com perda média de 8 cm; a gordura corporal média foi reduzida de 34,644 kg para 30,492 kg após o treinamento, com uma diminuição média de 4 kg; a capacidade vital elevou-se de 4.416,465 ml antes do treinamento para 4968,085 ml após a intervenção, com um aumento médio de 500 ml. Conclusão: Pode-se observar que o exercício aeróbico auxilia os estudantes universitários obesos a melhorarem a sua motivação esportiva, com impactos positivos na saúde mental. O estimulo ao esporte e o engajamento pelo exercício físico tendem a fortalecer os hábitos saudáveis garantindo uma melhor qualidade de vida aos universitários. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

Resumen Introducción: La epidemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto negativo en el estudio y la vida de los universitarios obesos. Nuevas investigaciones han señalado que el deporte puede mejorar la postura corporal y aliviar problemas psicológicos, incluidos los relacionados con la obesidad. Objetivo: Explorar la motivación de los estudiantes universitarios obesos para practicar deporte y los efectos del entrenamiento físico durante el COVID-19. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 100 estudiantes universitarios obesos para una intervención de ejercicio aeróbico. Se analizaron indicadores funcionales y biológicos antes y después del experimento. Resultados: El índice de forma corporal, el índice de contenido de grasa corporal y el índice de calidad deportiva mostraron cambios expresivos. El perímetro medio de la cintura disminuyó de 99,389 cm a 91,233 cm, con una pérdida media de 8 cm; la grasa corporal media se redujo de 34,644 kg a 30,492 kg tras el entrenamiento, con una disminución media de 4 kg; la capacidad vital aumentó de 4.416,465 ml antes del entrenamiento a 4.968,085 ml después de la intervención, con un aumento medio de 500 ml. Conclusión: Se puede observar que el ejercicio aeróbico ayuda a los estudiantes universitarios obesos a mejorar su motivación deportiva, con repercusiones positivas en la salud mental. La estimulación del deporte y el compromiso con el ejercicio físico tienden a reforzar los hábitos saludables garantizando una mejor calidad de vida a los estudiantes universitarios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Influence of functional training on teaching table tennis to college students / Influência do treinamento funcional no ensino de tênis de mesa em estudantes universitários / Influencia del entrenamiento funcional en la enseñanza de tenis de mesa en estudiantes universitarios

ABSTRACT Introduction: Contemporary table tennis teaching lacks attention to global abilities; some studies suggest that functional training can supply the demands of the high level of sport competition. Objective: Study the effect of functional training on teaching table tennis to college students. Methods: A controlled random selection was carried out (n=40), in which the experimental group (n=20) chose a functional training program. In contrast, the control group (n=20) participated in the teaching of traditional table tennis skills. The training frequency was one hour daily, three times a week, lasting six weeks. Table tennis-specific fitness was assessed before and after the experiment. Data were cataloged and statistically analyzed. Results: On the manual skills index, the experimental group's score increased from 63,194 to 79,683 points after the experiment, and the control group's score increased from 64,788 to 68,775 points after the experiment. In the regression index, the experimental group score increased from 63.645 to 78.614, and the control group score increased from 64.152 to 70.574. Conclusion: The functional training mode proposed in this paper can rapidly improve the competitive level of table tennis and improve the competitive performance of its practitioners. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O ensino contemporâneo no tênis de mesa carece de atenção em habilidades globais, alguns estudos sugerem que o treinamento funcional possa suprir as demandas requisitadas pelo alto nível de competição esportiva. Objetivo: Estudar o efeito do treinamento funcional sobre o ensino do tênis de mesa nos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Foi realizada uma seleção randômica controlada (n=40), na qual o grupo experimental (n=20) escolheu um programa de treinamento funcional, enquanto o grupo de controle (n=20) participou do ensino das habilidades tradicionais do tênis de mesa. A frequência do treinamento foi de uma hora diária, três vezes por semana, com duração de seis semanas. A aptidão física específica do tênis de mesa foi avaliada antes e depois do experimento. Os dados foram catalogados e analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: No índice de habilidades manuais, a pontuação do grupo experimental aumentou de 63.194 para 79.683 pontos após o experimento, e a pontuação do grupo de controle aumentou de 64.788 para 68.775 pontos após o experimento. No índice de retrocesso, a pontuação do grupo experimental aumentou de 63.645 para 78.614, e a pontuação do grupo de controle aumentou de 64.152 para 70.574. Conclusão: O modo de treinamento funcional proposto neste artigo pode melhorar rapidamente o nível competitivo do tênis de mesa e melhorar o desempenho competitivo de seus praticantes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La enseñanza contemporánea en tenis de mesa carece de atención en habilidades globales, algunos estudios sugieren que el entrenamiento funcional puede suplir las demandas requeridas por el alto nivel de competición deportiva. Objetivo: Estudiar el efecto del entrenamiento funcional en la enseñanza del tenis de mesa en estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se realizó una selección aleatoria controlada (n=40), en la que el grupo experimental (n=20) eligió un programa de entrenamiento funcional, mientras que el grupo de control (n=20) participó en la enseñanza de las habilidades tradicionales del tenis de mesa. La frecuencia del entrenamiento fue de una hora diaria, tres veces por semana, con una duración de seis semanas. Se evaluó la forma física específica del tenis de mesa antes y después del experimento. Los datos se catalogaron y analizaron estadísticamente. Resultados: En el índice de habilidades manuales, la puntuación del grupo experimental aumentó de 63,194 a 79,683 puntos después del experimento, y la del grupo de control aumentó de 64,788 a 68,775 puntos después del experimento. En el índice de regresión, la puntuación del grupo experimental aumentó de 63,645 a 78,614, y la del grupo de control, de 64,152 a 70,574. Conclusión: El modo de entrenamiento funcional propuesto en este artículo puede mejorar rápidamente el nivel competitivo del tenis de mesa y mejorar el rendimiento competitivo de sus practicantes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Pectin-peptide complexes ameliorated physicochemical stabilities and in vitro digestion abilities of ß-carotene loaded emulsions.

To improve the stabilities of low methoxy pectin (LMP) stabilized O/W emulsions for the delivery of bioactive substances, LMP was firstly modified with soy peptide (SP), corn peptide (CP) and whey protein peptide (WPP), respectively, by using dry-heat method, then the properties of LMP-peptide complexes stabilized O/W emulsions were characterized and the in vitro digestion of emulsions with ß-carotene was test to evaluate the potential applications. LMP-peptide complexes were formed by covalent bonds according to FT-IR spectroscopy. Compared to LMP stabilized emulsions, LMP-peptide complexes stabilized emulsions had smaller droplet sizes and higher stabilities in the changed pH value, temperature and ionic strength. Based on the results of in vitro digestion tests, LMP-SP and LMP-WPP obtained by incubating LMP with peptides at 60 °C for 12 h at the weight ratio of 4:1 were more suitable for the preparation of O/W emulsions to deliver camellia oil and ß-carotene.

Treatment with soluble bone morphogenetic protein type 1A receptor fusion protein alleviates irradiation-induced bone loss in mice through increased bone formation and reduced bone resorption.

An increased fracture risk is often observed in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT), particularly at sites within the field of radiation. Therefore, the development of appropriate therapeutic options to prevent RT-induced bone loss is urgently needed. A soluble form of the BMP receptor type 1A fusion protein (mBMPR1A-mFc) serves as an antagonist to endogenous BMPR1A. Previous studies have shown that mBMPR1A-mFc treatment increases bone mass in both ovary-intact and ovariectomized via promoting osteoblastic bone formation and inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption. The present study was designed to investigate whether mBMPR1A-mFc administration prevents radiation-induced bone deterioration in mice. We constructed an animal model of radiation-induced osteoporosis by exposure to a 2-Gy dose of X-rays. Micro-CT, histomorphometric, bone-turnover, and mechanical analyses showed that mBMPR1A-mFc administration prevented trabecular microarchitecture deterioration after RT because of a marked increase in bone formation and a decrease in bone resorption. Mechanistic studies indicated that mBMPR1A-mFc administration promoted osteoblastogenesis by activating Wnt/Lrp5/ß-catenin signaling while decreasing osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. Our novel findings provide solid evidence for the application of mBMPR1A-mFc as a therapeutic treatment for radiation-induced osteoporosis.