RESUMO
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe threat to human health and one of the three major causes of human death.Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is an interferon-induced protein kinase involved in innate immunity.In the occurrence and development of AD,PKR is upregulated and continuously activated.On the one hand,the activation of PKR triggers an integrated stress response in brain cells.On the other hand,it indirectly upregulates the expression of ß-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 and facilitates the accumulation of amyloid-ß protein (Aß),which could activate PKR activator to further activate PKR,thus forming a sustained accumulation cycle of Aß.In addition,PKR can promote Tau phosphorylation,thereby reducing microtubule stability in nerve cells.Inflammation in brain tissue,neurotoxicity resulted from Aß accumulation,and disruption of microtubule stability led to the progression of AD and the declines of memory and cognitive function.Therefore,PKR is a key molecule in the development and progression of AD.Effective PKR detection can aid in the diagnosis and prediction of AD progression and provide opportunities for clinical treatment.The inhibitors targeting PKR are expected to control the activity of PKR,thereby controlling the progression of AD.Therefore,PKR could be a target for the development of therapeutic drugs for AD.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , eIF-2 Quinase , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Humanos , eIF-2 Quinase/metabolismo , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Proteínas tau/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/metabolismoRESUMO
We propose a two-dimensional carbon allotrope (named KT-graphene) by incorporating kagome and tetragonal lattices consisting of trigonal, quadrilateral, octagonal, and dodecagonal rings. The introduction of non-hexagonal rings can give rise to the localized electronic states that improve the chemical reactivity toward potassium, making KT-graphene a high-performance anode material for potassium-ion batteries. It shows a high theoretical capacity (892 mAh g-1), a low diffusion barrier (0.33 eV), and a low average open-circuit voltage (0.51 V). The presence of electrolyte solvents is propitious to boost the K-ion adsorption and diffusion capabilities. Moreover, one-dimensional nanotubes (KT-CNTs), rolled up by the KT-graphene sheet, are metallic regardless of the tube diameter. As the curvature increases, KT-CNTs exhibit significantly increased surface activity, which can promote the electron-donating ability of K. Furthermore, the curvature effect greatly enhances the efficiency of K diffusion on the inner surface compared to that on the outer surface.
RESUMO
This study aimed to describe patient-reported outcomes 2 years after burn injury and to comprehensively elucidate predictors that may influence these outcomes. This cross-sectional, prospective study included 352 patients who were admitted to the Department of Burn Surgery at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2017 and December 2020. We collected demographic and disease-related data and instructed participants to complete the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) and the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) questionnaire. The overall score of patient-reported outcomes 2 years after burn injury was 126.55 ± 33.32 points, and the dimensions with the lowest scores were "hand function" (13.96 ± 5.75), "heat sensitivity" (14.84 ± 4.90), "treatment regimens" (13.41 ± 6.77) and "work" (11.30 ± 4.97). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that less postburn pruritus, better readiness for hospital discharge, less total body surface area (TBSA), better social participation, white-collar jobs, older age, better sleep quality and burns not caused by electricity were associated with better outcomes. Patients experienced poor patient-reported outcomes 2 years after burn injury. Integrated rehabilitative care is necessary to address patients' unique needs and improve long-term patient-reported outcomes.
RESUMO
The effect of pH regulation on schwertmannite bio-synthesis and its As removal ability were investigated in this study. The total Fe precipitation efficiency in a conventional schwertmannite bio-synthesis system (CK) reached 26.5%, with a mineral weight of 5.21 g/L and a mineral specific surface area of 3.18â m2/g. The total Fe precipitation efficiency increased to 88.4-95.8%, the mineral weight increased to 17.10-18.62 g/L, and the specific surface area increased to 3.61-90.67â m2/g of five different treatments in which the system pH was continually adjusted to 2.50, 2.70, 2.90, 3.10, and 3.30 every 3 h, respectively. The very small amounts of schwertmannite were transformed to goethite when the system pH was periodically adjusted to 2.90, 3.10 and 3.30. The increased specific surface area of bio-schwertmannite was due to the contribution of mesopores, with most pores having a diameter of 2-20 nm. For actual As-containing groundwater (27.4â µg/L), the As removal rate was 52.9% for bio-schwertmannite collected from the CK system. However, the removal rate of As increased to 92.7-97.8% for minerals which were collected after five adjusted pH treatments. The outcomes of this study provide a fresh insight into the bio-synthesis regulation of schwertmannite, and have great significance for the treatment of As-containing groundwater.
Assuntos
Arsênio , Compostos de Ferro , Acidithiobacillus , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Minerais , OxirreduçãoRESUMO
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer. Currently, the survival rate of LUAD patients remains low due to heterogeneity and high invasiveness. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) is reported to be related to LUAD development. Hence, we investigate the roles and regulatory mechanism of CASC2 in LUAD. The expression levels of CASC2, microRNA (miR)-21, and p53 were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, and p21 were examined using western blotting. A dual-luciferase reporter experiment was conducted to prove the molecular interactions between CASC2 and miR-21 or p53. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. CASC2 was expressed at a low level in LUAD patients and LUAD cell lines. CASC2 overexpression markedly suppressed cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. Mechanistically, CASC2 overexpression dramatically inhibited miR-21 expression and increased p53 expression by directly targeting miR-21. Moreover, rescue experiments suggested that either miR-21 overexpression or p53 silencing obviously weakened the biological effects of CASC2 overexpression. In addition, p53 was proven to be an upstream transcription factor of CASC2 and can activate CASC2 transcription. These results provide evidence that the lncRNA CASC2/miR-21/p53 form a positive feedback loop to mediate cell proliferation and apoptosis in LUAD, which may provide a new insight into the pathological mechanisms of LUAD.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/fisiologia , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/fisiologia , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/genética , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cripto-1 (CR-1) has been reported to be involved in the development of several human cancers. The potential role of CR-1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still not clear. METHODS: CR-1 expression was evaluated in ccRCC tissues by Real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of CR-1 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical significance of CR-1 was analyzed. The effects of CR-1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis were investigated in ccRCC cell lines in vitro and in vivo, and markers of the epithelial -mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. The impact of CR-1 on Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: CR-1 expression was elevated in ccRCC tumor tissues and serum samples. CR-1 expression was correlated with aggressive tumor phenotype and poor survival. Ectopic expression of CR-1 significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis whereas knockdown of CR-1 inhibited these activities both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that CR-1 induced EMT and activated Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CR-1 is likely to play important roles in ccRCC development and progression, and that CR-1 is a prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/biossíntese , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/biossíntese , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Animais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/sangue , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Embrião de Galinha , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/sangue , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/genética , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/metabolismo , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/sangue , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/sangue , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Metástase Neoplásica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/sangue , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , PrognósticoRESUMO
Chinese hickory, Carya cathayensis Sargent (Juglandaceae), is a tree naturally occurring and industrially grown in China for the nuts that are valued for their taste and nutrient content. Larvae of a previously unknown species of gall midge were found feeding on male and female inflorescences of Carya cathayensis in Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces in eastern China, reducing pollination and fruit development, and causing substantial damage to the nut industry. The new species is named Contarinia caryafloralis Jiao, Bu Kolesik, its morphology is described, the basic biology is given, and the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene segment is sequenced. Contarinia caryafloralis is the first gall midge known to feed on a Carya species native to Asia.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Juglandaceae , Animais , Ásia , Carya , China , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) involves the synthesis of polymer in the presence of a template to produce complementary binding sites in terms of its size, shape and functional group orientation. Such kind of polymer possesses specific recognition ability towards its template molecule. Despite the rapid development of MIT over the years, the majority of the template molecules that have been studied are small molecules, while molecular imprinting of proteins remains a significant yet challenging task due to their large size, structural flexibility and complex conformation. This review, we summarized the research findings over the past years, and discussed the nano-reinforcing materials used to prepare molecular imprinting of proteins and the perspective of these nano-reinforcing materials.
Assuntos
Impressão Molecular , Nanoestruturas/química , Proteínas/química , Sítios de Ligação , Conformação Molecular , Polímeros/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) targeting protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) on the proliferation of A549 cells. METHODS: PKCalpha ASODN and random oligonucleotides (RODN) were transfected into A549 cells mediated by polyethyleneimine, and the proliferation and clone formation of A549 cells were detected by CCK-8 and clone formation assay, respectively. The expression of PKCalpha in the transfected cells was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with those in the control group, PEI group and PEI-RODN group, the proliferation and clone formation of A549 cells treated with ASODN targeting PKCalpha were significantly inhibited (P<0.05). The expressions of PKCalpha mRNA and protein in PKCalpha ASODN-transfected A549 cells were significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The PKCalpha ASODN mediated by PEI down-regutates the expression of PKCalpha gene and suppress the proliferation and clone formation of A549 cells.