Bactericidal activity of Ag nanoparticle-impregnated fibreglass for water disinfection.

A new bactericidal system composed of fibreglass impregnated with silver (Ag) nanoparticles was developed and tested. Silver content, particle size and distribution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial effectiveness was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC 29055). The minimum inhibitory loading was determined to be less than 1.8 wt% of silver nanoparticles per gram of fibreglass. In a 1 h immersion test, using a 0.1 mg fibreglass mat ml(-1), with 2.9 wt% loading of silver nanoparticles completely disinfected 100 ml of 10(6) CFU ml(-1) of E. coli, dramatically outperforming activated carbon fibres impregnated with silver. Inactivation rate studies of 0.05 mg fibreglass mat ml(-1) (Ag 1.8 wt%) with 10(12) CFU E. coli displayed a 7 log reduction in 5 minutes. The activation and reuse of fibreglass (Ag 4.3 wt%) maintained its full effectiveness after two cycles of use and thermal regeneration at 350 degrees C.

[Inhibition effect of gambogic acid on MUTZ-1 cell line and its possible mechanism].

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of gambogic acid on the cells of high-risk patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in vitro and its mechanism. The inhibition effect of gambogic acid on growth of MUTZ-1 cell line of MDS-RAEB was detected by MTT method. Apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by morphological observation and flow cytometry respectively. The expressions of bax/bcl-2 gene at mRNA level were detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the Gambogic acid inhibited the growth of MUTZ-1 cells, the inhibitory rate of gambogic acid with the range of 0.2 - 0.8 microg/ml was enhanced along with increasing of drug concentration. Flow cytometric assay showed that the apoptotic rate of MUTZ-1 cells treated by gambogic acid also was enhanced along with increasing of drug concentration, the apoptotic rates resulting from gambogic acid (0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 microg/ml) were (5 +/- 0.5)%, (13 +/- 0.5)%, (37 +/- 0.7)% and (56 +/- 0.6)% respectively. The characteristic changes of apoptosis emerged in MUTZ-1 cells after being exposed to gambogic acid. Gambogic acid could significantly down-regulate the expressions of bcl-2 gene in a dose dependent manner, however, it had no effects on bax gene. It is concluded that within the range of concentration from 0.4 to 0. 8 microg/ml, gambogic acid can inhibit the growth of MUTZ-1 cells by inducing their apoptosis and down-regulating the expression of bcl-2 gene, which may be one of the main mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects.