Graphene Oxide: A Perfect Material for Spatial Light Modulation Based on Plasma Channels.

The graphene oxide (GO) is successfully prepared from a purified natural graphite through a pressurized oxidation method. We experimentally demonstrate that GO as an optical media can be used for spatial light modulation based on plasma channels induced by femtosecond pulses. The modulated beam exhibits good propagation properties in free space. It is easy to realize the spatial modulation on the probe beam at a high concentration of GO dispersion solutions, high power and smaller pulse width of the pump beam. We also find that the spatial modulation on the probe beam can be conveniently adjusted through the power and pulse width of pump lasers, dispersion solution concentration.

Plasma optical modulation for lasers based on the plasma induced by femtosecond pulses.

We present a theoretical and experimental study of plasma optical modulation for probe lasers based on the plasma induced by pump pulses. This concept relies on two co-propagating laser pulses in carbon disulfide, where a drive laser pulse first excites plasma channels while a following carrier laser pulse is modulated by the plasma. The modulation on the probe beam can be conveniently adjusted through electron density, plasma width, propagation distance of plasma, the power of pump lasers, or the pump beam's profile. The experimental results and theoretical solutions are very consistent, which fully illustrates that this method for plasma optical modulation is reasonable. This pump-probe method is also a potential measurement technique for inferring the on-axis plasma density shape.

Enhanced upconversion luminescence through core/shell structures and its application for detecting organic dyes in opaque fishes.

Here, we report the enhanced upconversion luminescence of NaLuF4:18%Yb(3+),2%Er(3+) through core/shell structures. Among NaYF4, NaGdF4, and NaLuF4 shells, the first one presents the highest efficiency. These upconversion fluorescent nanoprobes with an oleic acid/PEG hybrid ligand can efficiently capture Rhodamine B (RB) and sodium fluorescein (SF) in opaque fishes to present their residues in vivo through luminescence resonant energy transfer (LRET) processes. It can be confirmed based on LRET technology that no RB is absorbed by opaque fishes after incubating in the aqueous solution of 1 µg ml(-1) RB for one day, while SF residue can be obviously detected after incubating in the aqueous solution of 1 µg ml(-1) SF for one day. The merit of this LRET technology with the upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) donor is ascribed to the deep penetration depth of the infrared pumping laser and high signal to noise ratio.