[microRNA-30d can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of human mesothelial cell MSTO-211H].

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of microRNA-30d (miR-30d) in the process of proliferation, migration and invasion of malignant mesothelioma cell line MSTO-211H. Methods: In April 2017, the human MSTO-211H cells was used to establish miR-30d overexpressed MSTO-211H cell model by transfection of miR-30d mimics. The qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression level of miR-30d in the cells transfected miR-30d mimics. The effects of miR-30d on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of MSTO-211H cells were analyzed by CCK-8 experiment, flow cytometry, cell scratch experiment and Transwell method. Results: After transfection of miR-30d, the expression level of miR-30d in the MSTO-211H+miR-30d cells group was significantly higher than MSTO-211H+miR NC cells group (P<0.01) . The cell activity of MSTO-211H+miR-30d group (105.13%±2.35%) was significantly lower than MSTO-211H+miR NC cells group (115.40%±1.35%) , and the level of apoptosis (3.97%±0.36%) was significantly higher than MSTO-211H+miR NC cells group (1.47%±0.10%) (P<0.01) . The relative migration areas at 12 and 24 h of MSTO-211H+miR-30d cells group (9.35±3.16 µm(2) and 58.19±1.82 µm(2)) were significantly lower than MSTO-211H+miR NC cells group (54.42±5.26 µm(2) and 88.32±1.96 µm(2)) (P<0.01) . Compared with the MSTO-211H+miR NC cells group, the numbers of cell migration and cell invasion were reduced in the MSTO-211H+miR-30d cells group (P<0.01) . Conclusion: miR-30d can regulate the progression of malignant pleural mesothelioma by inhibiting the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of MSTO-211H cells.

[Analysis of influencing factors of textile workers' occupational stress].

Objective: To explore the occupational stress status and influencing factors of workers in a textile factory in Zhejiang Provice. Methods: In October 2018, 505 workers from a textile factory in Zhejiang Province were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. A total of 505 questionnaires were distributed, 495 of which were effective and the effective recovery rate was 98.0%. Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (REI) were used to investigate textile workers' occupational stress and analyze its influencing factors. The differences of the composition ratio of different groups were tested by χ(2) test. The influencing factors such as age, gender and occupation on occupational stress were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: ERI analysis results showed that the high and low occupational stress accounted for 30.1% and 69.9%, respectively. The differences of occupational stress among workers of different job types and working ages were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The detection rates of high occupational stress of paper workers and spinners were 47.8% (11/23) and 44.8% (30/67) , respectively, higher than other jobs. The detection rate of high occupational stress for workers with more than 5 years of service was 46.4% (13/28) . The results of JCQ analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in the differences of daily working hours and length of service between different gender, education levels, types of work patterns, and occupational stress (P>0.05) . Job types had significant effects on the occupational stress defined by ERI (P<0.05) , the risk of occupational stress was 2.151 times than that of the coiler. Conclusion: There are significant differences in occupational stress risk among workers of different types of work in textile industry, so different measures should be taken to prevent and control occupational stress in different jobs.

Longissimus dorsi muscle transcriptomic analysis of Yunling and Chinese simmental cattle differing in intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid (FA) composition vary significantly across beef cattle breeds, which play an important role in taste and nutritional value. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypic differences remain unknown. The present study compared meat quality traits between Yunling cattle and Chinese Simmental cattle. Yunling cattle showed a lower IMF content and proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), as well as higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and short-chain fatty acids (sc-FA) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle than Chinese Simmental cattle. To further identify the candidate genes and pathways responsible for these phenotypic differences, the transcriptome of LD muscle from the two breeds were measured using RNA-seq. A total of 1347 differentially expressed genes were identified. The major metabolic pathways that were differentially modulated were lipolysis and glycometabolism. Yunling cattle showed a higher expression of lipolysis genes (ALDH9A1, ACSL5, ACADM, ACAT2, ACOT2) and a lower expression of genes related to glycometabolism (PGM1, GALM, PGM1, GPI, LDHA). This research identified candidate genes and pathways for IMF content and FA composition in the LD muscle of beef cattle, which may facilitate the design of new selection strategies to improve meat quality.

Interferon-γ affects leukemia cell apoptosis through regulating Fas/FasL signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Imbalance of hematopoietic cell proliferation and apoptosis is one of the major causes of leukemia. Enhanced cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis lead to hemocytes accumulation. Fas/FasL signaling pathway promotes cell apoptosis. This study investigated the impact of interferon γ (IFN-γ) on chronic myelogenous leukemia cell proliferation and apoptosis to elucidate its interaction with Fas/FasL signaling pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Leukemia K562 cells were routinely cultivated and treated with 10 U/ml, 100 U/ml, and 1000 U/ml interferon for 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h, respectively. MTT assay was applied to test cell proliferation. TUNEL assay was adopted to determine cell apoptosis. Western blot was selected to detect Fas/FasL expression. RESULTS: Different concentrations of IFN-γ inhibited cell proliferation at various time points. IFN-γ at 1000 U/ml treatment for 48 h exhibited the strongest suppressive effect on cell proliferation (p < 0.05). IFN-γ intervention enhanced K562 cell apoptosis with concentration and time dependence (p < 0.05). Fas and FasL proteins expressions upregulated after treated by IFN-γ following dose elevation and time extension (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IFN-γ inhibits leukemia K562 cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis via facilitating Fas and FasL proteins expressions.

[Changes of microRNAs profiling in mesothelial cells exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes].

Objective: To explore the cytotoxicities of MWCNT to the mesothelial cells and screen the changes of microRNA profile after exposure to MWCNT. Methods: A LDH method was used to test the cytotoxicities of MWCNT to MeT-5A cell lines. And then the differentially expressed miRNAs between mesothelioma cells and normal mesothelial cells were selected from previous work of research group. Among the significant expression changed miRNAs, 5 were verified by RT-qPCR in mesothelioma cells. The same five ones were further tested in MeT-5A cells exposed to 10 µg/cm2 MWCNT for 8, 24, 48, 72 h by RT-qPCR. Target genes of 5 miRNAs were predicted using Targetscan and miRanda softwares. David6.7 was used to perform GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of target genes. All the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett-T test in SPSS17.0. Results: After 24 h exposure to MWCNT, cell proliferation was significantly suppressed at more than 20 µg/cm2 concentration. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, 5 were chosen to further vestified, namely hsa-miR-155 (up-regulated) , hsa-miR-30 d-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p and hsa-miR-324-5p (down-regulated) , which were consistent with the miRNA array results. The 5 miRNAs also had the same expression changes in MeT-5A cells after exposure to 10 µg/cm2 MWCNT for different time periods. The potential target genes of the 5 miRNAs may be AKAP13, CCND3, Twist and E-Cadherin, which mainly involved in TGF-ß signal pathway, small cell lung cancer, etc. Conclusion: MWCNT could induce to MeT-5A cells, and also cause miRNA expression changes. The differential changed miRNAs may involve in cancer related signal pathways.

Diffusion and accumulation in cultivated vegetable plants of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from a plastic production factory.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) concentrations in the atmosphere and in four vegetable crops including Brassica chinensis L. (bok choy), Brassica campestris L. (field mustard), Vigna unguiculata Walp. (cowpea), and Solanum melongena L. (eggplant) cultivated on land surrounding a plastic production factory were determined. The air DEHP concentrations (means) at the sites 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 km away from the plastic production building were about 9.4-12.8, 5.8-9.6, 1.6-5.0, and 0.04-0.27 microg m(-3) dry weight (DW), respectively. Wind direction is a key factor influencing the measurable DEHP concentration of the air, which was highest in the downwind direction and lowest in the upwind direction, and thus the vegetables accumulated the highest DEHP contents in the downwind direction and the lowest quantities in the upwind direction. The highest DEHP accumulations content of bok choy, field mustard, eggplant, and cowpea were 52.0 +/- 3.1, 43.1 +/- 2.2, 36.2 +/- 2.8, and 19.4 +/- 0.47 mg kg(-1) DW, respectively. Safety estimation on the basis of the daily intake limit referenced by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) led to the conclusion that eating vegetables cultivated 0.2 km away from the plastic production building is not a food safety problem under normal conditions. A strong positive linear correlation between atmospheric DEHP concentration and DEHP content of the vegetable crops was found. The limits for air DEHP concentration for safe vegetable cultivation are 24.0, 34.8, 40.8, and 82.8 microg m(-3) for bok choy, field mustard, cowpea, and eggplant, respectively, by calculating from the equation of linear regression between air DEHP concentration and vegetable DEHP content.

The changes of catechins during the fermentation of green tea.

The dynamics of tea catechins and organic acids in fermented fluid and yeast cells were studied. The concentration of eight kinds of catechins solution decreased by from 29.6% to 47.6%, respectively, some catechins were absorbed and accumulated by yeast cells, but the amount in the cells was very low during the fermentation process. The investigation of catechins resolved in four citrate buffers with a pH range of 2.6-5.6 for 18 h showed that most catechins were stable in buffer solutions of pH 4.6 and 5.6, and significant losses took place in solutions of pH 2.6 and 3.6. However, most catechins were released and recovered by adjusting the pH value to 5.6, which suggested that catechins in extremely acidic buffer solutions might reversibly combine each other or with other compounds.

Clinical and cytogenetic features of 508 Chinese patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and comparison with those in Western countries.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and leukemia progression. Racial differences may exist on clinical pictures and the molecular events leading to MDS, which are heterogeneous. To better define the clinical and cytogenetic features in Chinese patients, a retrospective multicentric study was performed in 508 MDS cases. Compared with Western countries, Chinese patients showed younger age (median: 49 vs 65-73 years), lower percentages of RARS (2.8 vs 6.6-15.3%), and CMML (5.2 vs 11.7-30.6%). Cytogenetically, among 367 cases with evaluable data, abnormal karyotypes were found in 136 cases, including 56 numerical and 80 structural changes. Incidences of single chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities were lower than those in Western countries (2.2 vs 17.8-42.5%). However, complex cytogenetic aberrations and chromosome translocations were frequently observed and related to poor prognosis. Both multiple chromosome deletions and translocations were detected in advanced subtypes (RAEB and RAEB-T). Analysis of 200 cases revealed a higher incidence of hepatitis-B-virus infection than that in non-MDS population (21.00 vs 9.75%). This study further confirmed: (1) different genetic/environmental backgrounds between Asian and Western MDS populations; (2) a strong predictive value of cytogenetic abnormalities on disease outcome and involvement of genomic instability in leukemia clone development.

Hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells is associated with telomere shortening but not telomerase inhibition and caspase activation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been found to trigger apoptosis in tumor cells. At the same time, telomerase is found to be associated with malignancy and reduced apoptosis. However little is known about the linkage between ROS such as *OH and telomerase/telomere. To address the interrelations between *OH and telomerase/telomere in tumor cell killing, HeLa, 293 and MW451 cells were induced to undergo apoptosis with *OH radicals generated via Fe(2+)-mediated Fenton reactions (0.1 mM FeSO(4) plus 0.3-0.9 mM H2O2) and telomerase activity, telomere length were measured during apoptosis. We found that during *OH-induced apoptosis, telomere shortening took place while no changes in telomerase activity were observed. Our results suggest that *OH-induced telomere shortening is not through telomerase inhibition but possibly a direct effect of *OH on telomeres themselves indicating that telomere shortening but not telomerase inhibition is the primary event during *OH-induced apoptosis. Strikingly, we also found that *OH-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells is caspase-3-independent but is associated with reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Our results indicate that *OH triggers apoptotic tumor cell death through a telomere-related, caspase-independent pathway.

Expression of telomerase inhibits hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in normal telomerase negative human lung fibroblasts.

In tumor cells telomerase activity is associated with resistance to apoptosis and the introduction of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) subunit into normal human cells is associated with life span extension of the cells. To determine the role of telomerase in regulating apoptosis, telomerase negative human embryo lung fibroblasts were transfected with the hTERT gene. Unlike the control fibroblasts, the telomerase-expressing cells had elongated telomeres and were resistant to apoptosis induced by hydroxyl radicals. The results indicate that expression of telomerase and, thus, the maintenance of telomere length in normal human somatic cells caused resistance to not only cellular senescence but also apoptosis. Moreover, we found that hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in telomerase-expressing and control fibroblasts was caspase-3 independent. These findings have revealed a new type of interrelation between telomerase and caspase-3, which may indicate that in this case the expressed telomerase may inhibit apoptosis at a site not related to the caspase-3 cascade.

[The relation between changes of nitric oxide synthase in hippocampus and activities of excitatory amino acid receptor during epilepsy].

The time course of alteration in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the influence of glutamate receptor antagonists on immunoreactivity of nNOS were investigated immunohistochemically in rat hippocampus during penicillin-induced epilepsy. It was found that nNOS-like immunoreactivity in hippocampus increased at 4 h after initiation of seizure and reached a peak at 24 h. When MK-801 (6 micrograms) and DNQX (4 micrograms) were injected respectively into hippocampus 20 min before administration of penicillin, seizure was reduced in strength. Meanwhile, the nNOS-like immunoreactivity in hippocampus was decreased, compared with the group which were administered penicillin alone. These results suggest that the increase of nitric oxide may be related to the injury of neurons during and after epilepsy; the changes' of nNOS may be related to the activity of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors. Neuron protective effect of MK-801 and DNQX may be in part mediated by nNOS.