Diminished ovarian reserve is associated with metabolic disturbances and hyperhomocysteinemia in women with infertility.

BACKGROUND: To distinguish the metabolic profile between women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and those with normal ovarian reserve (NOR). METHODS: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 524 women under the age of 40 who were experiencing infertility: 261 in the DOR group and 263 in the NOR group. Physical characteristics and metabolic parameters were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: Women with DOR exhibited a higher propensity for elevated parameters including body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), as well as heightened serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, while concurrently experiencing reduced serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence rates of TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, SBP/DBP ≥ 130/85 mmHg, and metabolic syndrome (MS) were significantly elevated within the DOR group as compared to the NOR group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of metabolic disturbances and HHcy were notably elevated in women with infertility and DOR compared to those with NOR.

This study focused on the metabolic condition of women who had difficulty getting pregnant and had a decreased ovarian reserve. The findings indicated that these women had a higher likelihood of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders and elevated serum homocysteine levels compared to those with a normal ovarian reserve. These metabolic issues and elevated serum homocysteine levels were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with metabolic syndrome and clomiphene citrate resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the possible relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and metabolic syndrome (MS) and the response to clomiphene citrate (CC) stimulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: One hundred and ninety-six women with PCOS were divided into two groups: (1) the SCH group with 92 patients; (2) the euthyroid (EU) group with 104 patients. Physical characteristics and metabolic parameters as well as the reaction to CC stimulating test were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: (1) In the SCH group, significantly higher body mass index, Ferriman-Gallwey score, serum triglyceride, insulin and glucose of oral glucose tolerance test, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and significantly lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in comparison with those in the EU group (p < 0.05). (2) The prevalence of CC resistance (30.4%), IR (43.5%) and MS (34.8%) in the SCH group was significantly higher than that in the EU group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SCH was found associated with IR, MS and CC resistance in women with PCOS. PCOS patients with SCH may have a poorer treatment response to ovulation induction with CC.