Modulating apoptosis as a novel therapeutic strategy against Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection: insights from Rotenone.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in vulnerable populations such as neonates, infants, young children, and the elderly. Among infants, RSV is the primary cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia, contributing to a notable proportion of child mortality under the age of 5. In this study, we focused on investigating the pathogenicity of a lethal RSV strain, GZ08-18, as a model for understanding mechanisms of hypervirulent RSV. Our findings indicate that the heightened pathogenicity of GZ08-18 stems from compromised activation of intrinsic apoptosis, as evidenced by aberration of mitochondrial membrane depolarization in host cells. We thus hypothesized that enhancing intrinsic apoptosis could potentially attenuate the virulence of RSV strains and explored the effects of Rotenone, a natural compound known to stimulate the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, on inhibiting RSV infection. Our results demonstrate that Rotenone treatment significantly improved mouse survival rates and mitigated lung pathology following GZ08-18 infection. These findings suggest that modulating the suppressed apoptosis induced by RSV infection represents a promising avenue for antiviral intervention strategies.

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of Phlomoides (Lamiaceae subfamily Lamioideae) in China: Insights from molecular and morphological data.

Phlomoides, with 150-170 species, is the second largest and perhaps most taxonomically challenging genus within the subfamily Lamioideae (Lamiaceae). With about 60 species, China is one of three major biodiversity centers of Phlomoides. Although some Phlomoides species from China have been included in previous molecular phylogenetic studies, a robust and broad phylogeny of this lineage has yet to be completed. Moreover, given the myriad new additions to the genus, the existing infrageneric classification needs to be evaluated and revised. Here, we combine molecular and morphological data to investigate relationships within Phlomoides, with a focus on Chinese species. We observed that plastid DNA sequences can resolve relationships within Phlomoides better than nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacer regions (nrITS and nrETS). Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of Phlomoides, but most previously defined infrageneric groups are not monophyletic. In addition, morphological analysis demonstrates the significant taxonomic value of eight characters to the genus. Based on our molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological data, we establish a novel section Notochaete within Phlomoides, and propose three new combinations as well as three new synonyms. This study presents the first molecular phylogenetic analyses of Phlomoides in which taxa representative of the entire genus are included, and highlights the phylogenetic and taxonomic value of several morphological characters from species of Phlomoides from China. Our study suggests that a taxonomic revision and reclassification for the entire genus is necessary in the future.

A new species and a new record of Phlomoides (Lamiaceae) from Xizang, China.

Phlomoidesbomiensis, a new species in Bomi County, Xizang, China, was described and illustrated. In addition, Phlomoideslongidentata, previously only known from Nepal and Bhutan, is newly recorded from Dingri County, Xizang, China. The phylogenetic placement of both species within the genus was analysed using nine plastid DNA markers (atpB-rbcL, psbA-trnH, rpl16, rpl32-trnL, rps16, trnK, trnL-trnF, trnS-trnG, trnT-trnL). Both species have brown-black trichomes inside the upper corolla lip and nested within the same subclade of Clade II. A diagnostic key to the Phlomoides species belonging to this subclade is provided.

Salviapenghuana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China.

Salviapenghuana, a new species from Guizhou Province of southwestern China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, Salviapenghuana is similar to S.filicifolia, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by ovate-lanceolate bracts, purple corolla, and foot-shaped fused lower arms of connective. In addition, S.penhuana is morphologically similar to S.cavaleriei, but differs by having 3-4-pinnate leave, ovate-lanceolate bracts, puberulent calyx, and longer upper arms of connective. Based on the fibril root, small calyx and corolla, and completely reduced posterior thecae, S.penghuana should be placed in section Sobiso of subg. Glutinaria.

Comparative efficacy of double plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange versus plasma exchange in treating acute-on-chronic liver failure due to hepatitis B: A meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) in combination with plasma exchange (PE) compared to plasma exchange alone in the treatment of Acute-on-Chronic liver failure (LF) caused by hepatitis B. Until August 31, 2023, a comprehensive search of databases including Embase, Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wan Fang Medical Network, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library was carried out using keywords like "liver failure," "acute-on-chronic liver failure," "PE," "DPMAS," and related terms. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using QUADS (quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies). Software Revman 5.3 was used to examine the data, while Stata 15.1 was used to run Egger's test. Following thorough screening, 452 patients who received PE alone and 429 patients who received DPMAS in addition to PE were included. Every study that was included was of a high caliber. When comparing the DPMAS plus PE group to the PE alone group, the total bilirubin reduction was considerably higher (mean difference [MD] = -49.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -54.84 to -43.35, p < .00001). Prothrombin activity (PTA; MD = -1.53, 95% CI: -3.29 to -0.22, p = .09), albumin (ALB; MD = -0.58, 95% CI: -1.57 to 0.41, p = .25), prothrombin time (PT; MD = -0.07, 95% CI: -1.47 to 1.34, p = .92), and platelet count (PLT; MD = -0.08, 95% CI: -1.33 to 1.66, p = .90) did not differ significantly. The improvement in international standardized ratio (INR) was significantly greater in the PE group (MD = 0.07, 95% CI (0.03, 0.10), p = .0001). When combined with DPMAS, PE has been shown to be more effective in lowering total bilirubin levels. PE can also lower INR in individuals who have hepatitis B-related ACLF. This therapeutic strategy also lessens the need for plasma transfusions.

Metabolomics-based profiling of five Salvia L. (Lamiaceae) species using untargeted data analysis workflow.

INTRODUCTION: The genus Salvia L., a member of the family Lamiaceae, is a keystone genus with a wide range of medicinal properties. It possesses a rich metabolite source that has long been used to treat different disorders. OBJECTIVES: Due to a deficiency of untargeted metabolomic profiling in the genus Salvia, this work attempts to investigate a comprehensive mass spectral library matching, computational data annotations, exclusive biomarkers, specific chemotypes, intraspecific metabolite profile variation, and metabolite enrichment by a case study of five medicinal species of Salvia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Aerial parts of each species were subjected to QTRAP liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis workflow based on untargeted metabolites. A comprehensive and multivariate analysis was acquired on the metabolite dataset utilizing MetaboAnalyst 6.0 and the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) Web Platform. RESULTS: The untargeted approach empowered the identification of 117 metabolites by library matching and 92 nodes annotated by automated matching. A machine learning algorithm as substructural topic modeling, MS2LDA, was further implemented to explore the metabolite substructures, resulting in four Mass2Motifs. The automated library newly discovered a total of 23 metabolites. In addition, 87 verified biomarkers of library matching, 58 biomarkers of GNPS annotations, and 11 specific chemotypes were screened. CONCLUSION: Integrative spectral library matching and automated annotation by the GNPS platform provide comprehensive metabolite profiling through a workflow. In addition, QTRAP LC-MS/MS with multivariate analysis unveiled reliable information about inter and intraspecific levels of differentiation. The rigorous investigation of metabolite profiling presents a large-scale overview and new insights for chemotaxonomy and pharmaceutical studies.

DHXT1, a Virulence Factor of Dactylellina haptotyla, Regulates Pathogenicity by Participating in Trap Formation and Metabolite Synthesis.

The capsule-associated protein 10 gene (CAP10) is indispensable due to its involvement in pod formation and virulence maintenance in Cryptococcus neoformans. The function of the CAP10 gene in nematode-predatory fungi remains unreported. As a typical nematode-trapping fungus, Dactylellina haptotyla efficiently captures nematodes using adhesive knobs, which has potential applications in the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, we investigated the function of DHXT1 (a CAP10 homologous protein) in D. haptotyla-nematode interactions based on the disruption and overexpression of DHXT1, phenotypic analysis and metabolomic analysis. As a result, it was shown that the disruption of the DHXT1 gene causes a marked decrease in the number of adhesive knobs, and on the contrary, the overexpression of the DHXT1 gene causes a substantial increase in the number of adhesive knobs. Interestingly, the variety of metabolites increased with the disruption of the DHXT1 and decreased with the overexpression of the DHXT1 gene. The results suggest that DHXT1 effects pathogenicity through its involvement in adhesive knobs' formation and metabolite synthesis and serves as a key virulence factor in D. haptotyla.

Monoterpene-chalcone conjugates and diarylheptanoids isolated from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata with cytotoxic activity.

Five undescribed monoterpene-chalcone conjugates (1-5), one undescribed hypothetical precursor of diarylheptanoid (6), two undescribed diarylheptanoids (7-8), and fourteen known compounds (9-22) were isolated from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai. Their structures were elucidated through the interpretation of HRESIMS, NMR, ECD, and X-ray diffraction data. MTT assays on human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, SGC7901, and SW480) revealed that compounds 3-8, 11, and 13 exhibited broad-spectrum antiproliferative activities with IC50 values ranging from 3.59 to 21.78 µM. B cell lymphoma 2 was predicted as the target of sumadain C (11) by network pharmacology and verified by homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay and molecular docking.

AKR1B10 expression characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features and immune microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major global health threat with diverse and complex pathogenesis. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10), a tumor-associated enzyme, exhibits abnormal expression in various cancers. However, a comprehensive understanding of AKR1B10's role in HCC is lacking. This study aims to explore the expression characteristics of AKR1B10 in HCC and its correlation with clinicopathological features, survival prognosis, and tumor immune microenvironment, further investigating its role and potential regulatory mechanisms in HCC. This study conducted comprehensive analyses using various bioinformatics tools and databases. Initially, differentially expressed genes related to HCC were identified from the GEO database, and the expression of AKR1B10 in HCC and other cancers was compared using TIMER and GEPIA databases, with validation of its specificity in HCC tissue samples using the HPA database. Furthermore, the relationship of AKR1B10 expression with clinicopathological features (age, gender, tumor size, staging, etc.) of HCC patients was analyzed using the TCGA database's LIHC dataset. The impact of AKR1B10 expression levels on patient prognosis was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, the correlation of AKR1B10 expression with tumor biology-related signaling pathways and tumor immune microenvironment was studied using databases like GSEA, Targetscan, and others, identifying microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate AKR1B10 expression to explore potential regulatory mechanisms. Elevated AKR1B10 expression was significantly associated with gender, primary tumor size, and fibrosis stage in HCC tissues. High AKR1B10 expression indicated poor prognosis and served as an independent predictor for patient outcomes. Detailed mechanism analysis revealed a positive correlation between high AKR1B10 expression, immune cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a potential DANCR-miR-216a-5p-AKR1B10 axis regulating the tumor microenvironment and impacting HCC development and prognosis. The heightened expression of AKR1B10 in HCC is not only related to significant clinical-pathological traits but may also influence HCC progression and prognosis by activating key signaling pathways and altering the tumor immune microenvironment. These findings provide new insights into the role of AKR1B10 in HCC pathogenesis and highlight its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 on gut microbial imbalance and liver function in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B cirrhosis (HBC) is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible diffuse liver damage and aggravated by intestinal microbial imbalance and metabolic dysfunction. Although the relationship between certain single probiotics and HBC has been explored, the impact of the complex ready-to-eat Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 (LP N1115) supplement on patients with HBC has not been determined. AIM: To compare the changes in the microbiota, inflammatory factor levels, and liver function before and after probiotic treatment in HBC patients. METHODS: This study included 160 HBC patients diagnosed at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2018 and December 2020. Patients were randomly divided into an intervention group that received LP N1115 supplementation and routine treatment and a control group that received routine treatment only. Fecal samples were collected at the onset and conclusion of the 12-wk intervention period. The structure of the intestinal microbiota and the levels of serological indicators, such as liver function and inflammatory factors, were assessed. RESULTS: Following LP N1115 intervention, the intestinal microbial diversity significantly increased in the intervention group (P < 0.05), and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was characterized by an increase in the proportions of probiotic microbes and a reduction in harmful bacteria. Additionally, the intervention group demonstrated notable improvements in liver function indices and significantly lower levels of inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: LP N1115 is a promising treatment for ameliorating intestinal microbial imbalance in HBC patients by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota, improving liver function, and reducing inflammatory factor levels.

Terpenoids from Alpinia galanga and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.

A new labdane diterpene (1), two new norsesquiterpenoids (2-3), as well as eight known terpenoids (4-11) were isolated from the seeds of Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae). Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR, MS, and comparison of their experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of all the isolated compounds (1-11) were evaluated and the result showed that compounds 6 and 9 had inhibitory activity against AChE, with IC50 values at 295.70 and 183.91 µM, whereas other compounds did not show any inhibitory activity.

Gastrodin alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating SIRT3-mediated TFAM acetylation in vascular dementia.

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction is key to the pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VaD). Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), an essential member of the sirtuins family, has been proven to be a critical sirtuin in regulating mitochondrial function. The phenolic glucoside gastrodin (GAS), a bioactive ingredient from Gastrodiae Rhizome (known in Chinese as Tian ma) demonstrates significant neuroprotective properties against central nervous system disorders; however, the precise mechanisms through which GAS modulates VaD remain elusive. PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate whether GAS confers a protective role against VaD, and to figure out the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: A bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO)-mediated chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) VaD rat model and a hypoxia model using HT22 cells were employed to investigate pharmacological properties of GAS in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. A SIRT3 agonist resveratrol (RES), a SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP and SIRT3-knockdown in vitro were used to explore the mechanism of GAS in association with SIRT3. The ability of SIRT3 to bind and deacetylate mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) was detected by immunoprecipitation assay, and TFAM acetylation sites were further validated using mass spectrometry. RESULTS: GAS increased SIRT3 expression and ameliorated mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial dynamics along with upregulated TFAM, mitigating oxidative stress and senescence. Comparable results were noted with the SIRT3 agonist RES, indicating an impactful neuroprotection played by SIRT3. Specifically, the attenuation of SIRT3 expression through knockdown techniques or exposure to the SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP in HT22 cells markedly abrogated GAS-mediated mitochondrial rescuing function. Furthermore, our findings elucidate a novel facet: SIRT3 interacted with and deacetylated TFAM at the K5, K7, and K8 sites. Decreased SIRT3 is accompanied by hyper-acetylated TFAM. CONCLUSION: The present results were the first to demonstrate that the SIRT3/TFAM pathway is a protective target for reversing mitochondrial dysfunction in VaD. The findings suggest that GAS-mediated modulation of the SIRT3/TFAM pathway, a novel mechanism, could ameliorate CCH-induced VaD, offering a potentially beneficial therapeutic strategy for VaD.

Isodonxiaoluzhiensis (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae), a new species from Yunnan, southwest China.

Isodonxiaoluzhiensis, a new species of the tribe Ocimeae in family Lamiaceae, is described and illustrated. The new species is known only from the type locality, Xiaoluzhi village in Luzhijang dry-hot valley of Yimen County, central Yunnan, southwest China. It is characterized by having a procumbent habit, gracile stems and branches, relatively small leaves and flowers, and the phenology of flowering in winter. The morphological comparisons with its putative closest relatives (I.adenanthus and I.hsiwenii) are also presented.

Using scanning electron microscopy and molecular data to discover a new species from old herbarium collections: The case of Phlomoideshenryi (Lamiaceae, Lamioideae).

Phlomoides is one of the largest genera of Lamiaceae with approximately 150-170 species distributed mainly in Eurasia. In this study, we describe and illustrate a new species, P.henryi, which was previously misidentified as P.bracteosa, from Yunnan Province, southwest China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that P.henryi is found within a clade in which most species lack basal leaves. In this clade, the new species is morphologically distinct from P.rotata in having an obvious stem and, from the rest, by having transparent to white trichomes inside the upper corolla lip. In addition, micro-features of trichomes on the calyx and leaf epidermis can differentiate the new species from other species grouped in the same clade and a key, based on trichome morphology for these species, is provided. The findings demonstrate that the use of scanning electron microscopy can reveal inconspicuous morphological affinities amongst morphologically similar species and play an important role in the taxonomic study of the genus Phlomoides.

Role and Mechanism of Epigenetic Regulation in the Aging of Germ Cells: Prospects for Targeted Interventions.

In modern times, a notable trend toward delayed childbearing has been observed in most developed countries. As a result, sperm aging and quality loss, as well as premature ovarian failure (POF), have emerged as major causes of infertility. The pathogenesis of sperm aging and POF is complex and has not been clearly elucidated. However, evidence from some studies has linked germ cell aging to epigenetic modifications. Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in gene expression that occur in the absence of any alterations to the gene's nucleotide sequence. This paper systematically reviewed and analyzed the relevant literature to describe the relationship of DNA methylation, non-coding RNA regulation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and RNA modifications with sperm aging and POF. In addition, we analyzed how sperm aging and POF can be mitigated via epigenetic interventions. This review could provide new therapeutic insights and guide strategies for improving sperm quality and ovarian function.

miR-199a/b-3p inhibits HCC cell proliferation and invasion through a novel compensatory signaling pathway DJ-1\Ras\PI3K/AKT.

Several studies have reported the effects of DJ-1 gene and miR-199a/b-3p on HCC development. However, whether miR-199a/b-3p regulates HCC progression through a novel compensatory signaling pathway involving DJ-1, Ras, and PI3K/AKT remains unknown. We used (TCGA, HPA, miRWalk and Target scan) databases, cancer and para-tissue HCC patients, dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis, proteomic imprinting, qPCR, cell proliferation, scratch, transport, and flow cytometry to detect the molecular mechanism of DJ-1 and miR-199a/b-3p co-expression in HCC cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis showed that DJ-1 was highly expressed in HCC ((P < 0.001) were closely associated with tumor stage (T), portal vein vascular invasion, OS, DSS, and PFI (P < 0.05); miR-199a/b-3p was lowly expressed in HCC (P < 0.001), which was the upstream regulator of DJ-1. Spearman coefficient r = -0.113, P = 0.031; Dual luciferase gene report verified the negative targeting relationship between them P< 0.001; Western blotting demonstrated that miR-199a/b-3p could inhibit the protein expression of DJ-1, Ras and AKT(P < 0.05); The results of CCK8, cell scratch, Transwell migration and flow cytometry showed that OE + DJ-1 increased the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of HepG2 cells, and decreased the apoptosis process, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while miR-199a/b-3p had the opposite effect (P < 0.05).

Essential oil from Fructus Alpinia zerumbet ameliorates atherosclerosis by activating PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/G1 signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a progressive chronic disease. Currently, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) caused by AS is responsible for the global increased mortality. Yanshanjiang as miao herb in Guizhou of China is the dried and ripe fruit of Fructus Alpinia zerumbet. Accumulated evidences have confirmed that Yanshanjiang could ameliorate CVDs, including AS. Nevertheless, its effect and mechanism on AS are still largely unknown. PURPOSE: To investigate the role of essential oil from Fructus Alpinia zerumbet (EOFAZ) on AS, and the potential mechanism. METHODS: A high-fat diet (HFD) ApoE-/- mice model of AS and a oxLDL-induced model of macrophage-derived foam cells (MFCs) were reproduced to investigate the pharmacological properties of EOFAZ on AS in vivo and foam cell formation in vitro, respectively. The underlying mechanisms of EOFAZ were investigated using Network pharmacology and molecular docking. EOFAZ effect on PPARγ protein stability was measured using a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). Pharmacological agonists and inhibitors and gene interventions were employed for clarifying EOFAZ's potential mechanism. RESULTS: EOFAZ attenuated AS progression in HFD ApoE-/- mice. This attenuation was manifested by the reduced aortic intima plaque development, increased collagen content in aortic plaques, notable improvement in lipid profiles, and decreased levels of inflammatory factors. Moreover, EOFAZ inhibited the formation of MFCs by enhancing cholesterol efflux through activiting the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/G1 pathway. Interestingly, the pharmacological knockdown of PPARγ impaired the beneficial effects of EOFAZ on MFCs. Additionally, our results indicated that EOFAZ reduced the ubiquitination degradation of PPARγ, and the chemical composition of EOFAZ directly bound to the PPARγ protein, thereby increasing its stability. Finally, PPARγ knockdown mitigated the protective effects of EOFAZ on AS in HFD ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first confirmation of EOFAZ's in vivo anti-atherosclerotic effects in ApoE-/- mice. Mechanistically, its chemical constituents can directly bind to PPARγ protein, enhancing its stability, while reducing PPARγ ubiquitination degradation, thereby inhibiting foam cell formation via activation of the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/G1 pathway. Simultaneously, EOFAZ could ameliorates blood lipid metabolism and inflammatory microenvironment, thus synergistically exerting its anti-atherosclerotic effects.

Generation of Human Blood Vessel and Vascularized Cerebral Organoids.

Brain organoids have been widely used to study diseases and the development of the nervous system. Many reports have investigated the application of brain organoids, but most of these models lack vascular structures, which play essential roles in brain development and neurological diseases. The brain and blood vessels originate from two different germ layers, making it difficult to induce vascularized brain organoids in vitro. We developed this protocol to generate brain-specific blood vessel and cerebral organoids and then fused them at a specific developmental time point. The fused cerebral organoids exhibited robust vascular network-like structures, which allows simulating the in vivo developmental processes of the brain for further applications in various neurological diseases. Key Features • Culturing vascularized brain organoids using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). • The new approach generates not only neural cells and vessel-like networks but also brain-resident microglia immune cells in a single organoid.

A Unique G-Quadruplex Aptamer: A Novel Approach for Cancer Cell Recognition, Cell Membrane Visualization, and RSV Infection Detection.

Surface staining has emerged as a rapid technique for applying external stains to trace cellular identities in diverse populations. In this study, we developed a distinctive aptamer with selective binding to cell surface nucleolin (NCL), bypassing cytoplasmic internalization. Conjugation of the aptamer with a FAM group facilitated NCL visualization on live cell surfaces with laser confocal microscopy. To validate the aptamer-NCL interaction, we employed various methods, including the surface plasmon resonance, IHC-based flow cytometry, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The G-quadruplex formations created by aptamers were confirmed with a nuclear magnetic resonance and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay utilizing BG4, a G-quadruplex-specific antibody. Furthermore, the aptamer exhibited discriminatory potential in distinguishing between cancerous and normal cells using flow cytometry. Notably, it functioned as a dynamic probe, allowing real-time monitoring of heightened NCL expression triggered by a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on normal cell surfaces. This effect was subsequently counteracted with dsRNA transfection and suppressed the NCL expression; thus, emphasizing the dynamic attributes of the probe. These collective findings highlight the robust versatility of our aptamer as a powerful tool for imaging cell surfaces, holding promising implications for cancer cell identification and the detection of RSV infections.