RESUMO
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) has been widely reported to influence ovarian follicular development, and miRNAs play a significant role in mammalian follicular development by regulating their target genes. Therefore, it is of interest to explore the roles of miRNAs in sheep follicular development during FSH stimulation. In the current study, we constructed miRNA expression profiles of small follicles (SFs, prerecruitment stage), medium follicles (MFs, dominance stage), and large follicles (LFs, maturation stage). Three and 50 significant differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in the MF vs. SF and LF vs. SF comparisons, respectively, and none were identified in the LF vs. MF comparison. Oar-miR-10a was significantly downregulated in MFs compared with SFs. In LFs compared with SFs, miR-212-3p, miR-212-5p and miR-202-5p were significantly upregulated, and miR-27a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-204-5p, and miR-182-5p were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, we predicted the target genes of significant DEMs and performed functional enrichment analyses of these target genes. Analyses of KEGG pathways and GO terms showed that the putative target genes were significantly enriched in ovarian steroidogenesis, glutathione metabolism, positive regulation of cell differentiation, positive regulation of cell development, and cellular response to oxygen-containing compounds. Analyses of miRNA-gene regulatory networks suggested that miR-181a-5p-CYP11A1, (miR-27a-3p and miR-129-5p)-LDLR, (miR-212-3p and miR-212-5p)-EFNA5, (miR-181a-5p, miR-182-5p, and miR-27a-3p)-INHBA, and miR-182-5p-SOD2 might be involved in follicular development. The present study provides basic data and suggests research directions for further exploration of the roles of miRNAs in sheep follicular development under FSH stimulation.
Assuntos
Hormônio Foliculoestimulante , MicroRNAs , Animais , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/veterinária , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , MicroRNAs/genética , Folículo Ovariano , OvinosRESUMO
Objective: To explore the relationship between input and output of occupational health funds, and to provide basis for relevant departments to make decisions. Methods: In September 2018, a state-owned iron ore in Hebei Province (mining history of more than 10 years, which can represent the general type of iron ore) was selected as the research object. Through the investigation and collection of enterprise general situation, occupational health input, loss and output related indicators, the iron mine occupational health expenditure input-output table and model were established, and the digital relationship between the investment and output was solved by MATLAB software. Results: The labor consumption in the departments of underground mining, open pit mining, crushing and rock discharging, transportation, tailings and mineral processing (taking labor wages as reference) were 756.46, 1.281.78, 987.61, 1 570.71, 50.956 and 18.9116 million yuan/year respectively. The output value of each sector is 11 207.19, 18 989.95, 15 176.40, 25 294.00, 7.704.94 and 280.1797 million yuan/year respectively. The ratio of health input to total output was 0.004 5, and the ratio of occupational health input to output was 1/0.046. Conclusion: The input-output table model of occupational health in iron mine can reflect the relationship between input and output of occupational health funds. The input situation of the coal mine is poor, and the input does not bring obvious occupational health benefits.
Assuntos
Saúde Ocupacional , Ferro , MineraçãoRESUMO
Objective: To compare the prevalence of anxiety among old people before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in China, and to provide scientific evidence for psychological intervention of the elderly during public health emergencies. Methods: In 2019, the National Psychological Care Project for the Elderly was launched, covering 818 communities across the country, and 188 407 subjects received psychological assessment. In April and May 2020, a convenient sample of 6 467 aged 65 and above subjects were followed up on the anxiety status and its influencing factors during the epidemic period by using structurized questionnaire. Data collection and management were carried out using the national elderly psychological care project data collection platform. McNemar test was used to compare the difference of the prevalence of anxiety among elderly before (October 2019 to January 23, 2020) and during the epidemic (April-May 2020). The difference of the prevalence of anxiety among elderly with different characteristics was compared by chi square test. The influencing factors of anxiety before and during the epidemic situation were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the elderly population was 4.95% (95%CI: 4.42%-5.48%) before the outbreak of COVID-19, and 10.10% (95%CI: 9.36%-10.83%) during the epidemic which was twice as high as before the outbreak. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of anxiety symptoms before the outbreak were with one underlying disease (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.05-2.37), with two or more underlying diseases (OR=3.10, 95%CI: 2.13-4.51), and the protective factors were with hobbies, good relationship between children, good relationship with spouse, positive aging attitude and good psychological resilience (all P<0.05). The risk factors of developing anxiety symptoms during the epidemic were living in rural areas (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.42-2.20), participating in social activities regularly (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.02-1.48), having a good relationship with friends (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.11-1.82) and were quarantined or people around were quarantined for medical observation (OR=2.80, 95% CI: 1.90-4.13). Conclusion: The COVID-19 epidemic leads to a double increase in anxiety among the elderly. We should pay more attention to the psychological state of the elderly in rural area and who is being quarantined or people around being quarantined for medical observation.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus , Depressão , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , Idoso , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Criança , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effectiveness of an intervention program on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis and investigate determinants of congenital syphilis (CS) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). The Shenzhen local government initiated an intervention program of MTCT of syphilis in 2001. Based on this program, maternal and paternal factors associated with CS and APOs among syphilitic women were investigated from 2007 to 2012 by a prospective cohort study. From 2002 to 2012, 2,441,237 pregnant women were screened and screening coverage reached 97.2 % in 2012. In the background of continuing growth of CS in China, CS in Shenzhen significantly decreased from 109.3 cases in 2002 to 9.9 cases in 2012 per 100,000 live births. Maternal education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]CS = 0.65; aORAPOs = 0.79) and history of syphilis (aORCS = 0.28; aORAPOs = 0.61), as well as paternal age (aORCS = 0.62; aORAPOs = 0.86) and education (aORCS = 0.66; aORAPOs = 0.86) were negatively associated with CS and APOs, but maternal unmarried status (aORCS = 1.95; aORAPOs = 2.61), inadequate antenatal care (ANC) (aORCS = 3.61; aORAPOs = 1.79), more sexual partners (aORCS = 1.51; aORAPOs = 1.39), every week of delay in treatment (aORCS = 2.82; aORAPOs = 1.27), higher baseline titers of nontreponemal antibodies (aORCS = 5.65; aORAPOs = 1.47), early syphilis (aORCS = 23.24; aORAPOs = 26.95), and non-penicillin treatment (aORCS = 3.00; aORAPOs = 2.16), as well as paternal history of cocaine use (aORCS = 2.70; aORAPOs = 2.44) and positive (aORCS = 4.14; aORAPOs = 1.50) or unknown (aORCS = 2.37; aORAPOs = 2.06) status of syphilis increased the risk of CS and APOs. Condom use (aOR = 0.70) decreased MTCT of syphilis. A ten-year program consisting of screening and treatment, early ANC, health education, partners tracking, detection, and treatment, follow-up visits, and information management is an effective means to block MTCT of syphilis. Maternal and paternal factors constituted two separate profiles associated with MTCT of syphilis.
Assuntos
Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/prevenção & controle , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Sífilis Congênita/prevenção & controle , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/estatística & dados numéricos , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento Sexual , Sífilis Congênita/epidemiologia , Sífilis Congênita/transmissão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: A multivariate logistic regression analysis model for predicting ectopic pregnancy in women with pregnancy of unknown location was designed and evaluated clinically. METHODS: Endometrial thickness, symmetry, resonance, pattern of echogenicity, helicine artery blood flow and blood flow resistance index (RI) in 129 patients with suspected early ectopic pregnancy were assessed by transvaginal power Doppler ultrasonography. Variables significant in univariate logistic regression analysis were included in a multivariate predictive logistic regression analysis model. RESULTS: The final predictive model included three factors: endometrial thickness≤9 mm; a multilayered endometrial echogenicity pattern with prominent outer and midline hyperechogenic lines and an inner hypoechogenic region; and visible endometrial arterial blood flow. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.980. When RI was >0.65 and the predictive probability>0.50, diagnostic accuracy was high. The model correctly diagnosed 52/55 (94.5%) clinically confirmed ectopic pregnancy cases. CONCLUSION: This multivariate predictive logistic regression analysis model has clinical value for the differential diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy when the pregnancy location is unknown.
Assuntos
Modelos Biológicos , Gravidez Ectópica/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Doppler/métodos , Vagina/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Área Sob a Curva , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Gravidez , Curva ROC , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The family Rhabdoviridae is a diverse group of non-segmented, negative-sense RNA viruses that are distributed worldwide and infect a wide range of hosts including vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants. Of the 114 currently recognized vertebrate rhabdoviruses, relatively few have been well characterized at both the antigenic and genetic level; hence, the phylogenetic relationships between many of the vertebrate rhabdoviruses remain unknown. The present report describes a novel rhabdovirus isolated from the brain of a moribund American coot (Fulica americana) that exhibited neurological signs when found in Durham County, North Carolina, in 2005. Antigenic characterization of the virus revealed that it was serologically unrelated to 68 other known vertebrate rhabdoviruses. Genomic sequencing of the virus indicated that it shared the highest identity to Tupaia rhabdovirus (TUPV), and as only previously observed in TUPV, the genome encoded a putative C protein in an overlapping open reading frame (ORF) of the phosphoprotein gene and a small hydrophobic (SH) protein located in a novel ORF between the matrix and glycoprotein genes. Phylogenetic analysis of partial amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein and polymerase protein indicated that, in addition to TUPV, the virus was most closely related to avian and small mammal rhabdoviruses from Africa and North America. In this report, we present the morphological, pathological, antigenic, and genetic characterization of the new virus, tentatively named Durham virus (DURV), and discuss its potential evolutionary relationship to other vertebrate rhabdoviruses.
Assuntos
Aves/virologia , Rhabdoviridae/genética , Rhabdoviridae/patogenicidade , Proteínas Virais/genética , Estruturas Animais/patologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Encéfalo/virologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Ordem dos Genes , Histocitoquímica , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Microscopia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Dados de Sequência Molecular , North Carolina , Filogenia , RNA Viral/genética , Rhabdoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Rhabdoviridae/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Rhabdoviridae/patologia , Infecções por Rhabdoviridae/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Vírion/ultraestruturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Due to the difficulty in obtaining pancreatic tissue for histology in humans, we developed an animal model for studying endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) changes of early chronic pancreatitis. This report on the animal model describes the serial changes of early chronic pancreatitis by EUS and correlates results with histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four 60 - 80-lb dogs were used in the study. Pancreatic EUS was performed to provide baseline images prior to any procedure. At laparotomy, a guide wire was passed into the pancreatic duct, and a 5-Fr pancreatic stent was introduced over the wire into the pancreatic duct. Animals were divided into two survival groups - 2 weeks and 4 weeks. In each group, EUS examination was performed under anesthesia to image the pancreas and then followed by euthanasia. Sequential pancreatic sections were taken from the head, body, and tail of the pancreas. EUS findings were correlated with histologic results with respect to degree of fibrosis, inflammation, and edema. RESULTS: At baseline EUS, the pancreas appeared homogeneous with only a few echogenic septations and echogenic margins of the main pancreatic duct. At 2 and 4 weeks poststenting, EUS images showed the following changes: lobularity, hyper and hypoechoic foci, increased echogenic septations, visible pancreatic duct side branches, and irregular margins of the main pancreatic duct. CONCLUSIONS: The dog model for chronic pancreatitis appears to be a promising method for studying sequential changes of chronic pancreatitis by EUS and correlating results with histology.
Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Endossonografia/métodos , Pancreatite Crônica/diagnóstico por imagem , Pancreatite Crônica/patologia , Animais , Cães , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore a feasible approach to increase case finding of tuberculosis (TB) through intensive referral and tracing of TB suspects and patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in three Chinese cities. A strategic referral and tracing system was developed for the local situation in Hunan, China. Data from a 1-year monitoring of referral, tracing and diagnosis of TB suspects/cases were used to assess outcomes. RESULTS: Among 126 public general hospitals and clinics in 38 project counties, the 124 (98.4%) health facilities that participated referred an average of 10 TB suspects and cases to the TB dispensary every month. A total of 6364 suspects and 5759 cases were referred. Compared to the previous year, the number of TB suspects increased by 102.1%, from 25 719 to 51 967; the referral of TB suspects increased five-fold; 10 596 new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases were identified; and the notification of new smear-positive PTB increased by 112.9%, from 27.1/100 000 before the project year to 57.7/100 000, a significantly higher percentage than that of non-project areas, which had a notification rate of 38.8/100 000. CONCLUSION: Intensive referral and tracing of TB suspects/patients is a feasible and effective method of increasing case finding. Strengthening administrative interventions and incentives is essential to achieve project objectives.
Assuntos
Busca de Comunicante/métodos , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , China , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Relações InterprofissionaisRESUMO
The May 2008 earthquake in Wenchuan drew attention to the important but largely unrecognised public-health problem of injury-related mortality and morbidity in China. Injuries account for more than 10% of all deaths and more than 30% of all potentially productive years of life lost due to premature mortality in China. Traffic-related injuries (mainly among cyclists and pedestrians), suicide, drowning, and falls account for 79% of all injury deaths. Rural injury death rates are double those of urban rates and male rates are double those of female rates. Despite an 81% increase in the traffic-related mortality from 1987 to 2006-associated with rapid motorisation-the overall injury mortality decreased by 17%, largely due to a surprising (and unexplained) 57% reduction in the suicide rate. Low-cost prevention measures that are most likely to produce large reductions in injury deaths include enforcement of laws for drinking and driving and for seat belt and helmet use, restriction of access to the most potent pesticides, and teaching children to swim. China needs to improve monitoring of fatal and non-fatal injuries, promote intersectoral collaboration, build institutional capacities, and, most importantly, mobilise community support and political will for investment in prevention.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidade , Vigilância da População/métodos , Saúde Pública/tendências , Ferimentos e Lesões/mortalidade , Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes de Trânsito/tendências , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , População Rural/tendências , Distribuição por Sexo , Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , População Urbana/tendências , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/etiologiaRESUMO
Six alkaloids (1-6) have been isolated from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth var. bodinaieri (Dode) Huang, two of which are new compounds, identified as 2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinolone (4) and 1-methyl-2-undecanone-10'-4(1H)-quinolone (5); the known compounds were identified as rutaecarpine (1), evodiamine (2), 1-methyl-2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinoline (3) and 2-undecanone-10'-4(1H)-quinolone (6). Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their acute toxicity.
Assuntos
Alcaloides/química , Evodia/química , Frutas/química , Quinolinas/química , Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Alcaloides/toxicidade , Animais , Etanol , Dose Letal Mediana , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Camundongos , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Quinolinas/isolamento & purificação , Quinolinas/toxicidade , Espectrofotometria , Testes de Toxicidade AgudaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Attempts to address the problem of injury to the pancreas by indwelling pancreatic stents are limited by our lack of knowledge of the pathogenesis of stent-induced injury and its relationship to stent morphology and the duration of stenting. The aim of our study was to evaluate pancreatic injury induced by 1 week of stenting with a 5F indwelling pancreatic stent of novel design, the "wing stent." METHODS: Pancreatic stents (5F) were placed surgically in eight dogs; wing stents (WS-5F) were used in four dogs and conventional stents (CS-5F) in another four. Two dogs underwent duodenotomy without stent placement (controls). The pancreas was harvested for microscopy at 1 week. A pathologist who was unaware of the source of the specimens graded the pancreatic injury. RESULTS: Although pancreatic injury was observed in both the CS-5F and WS-5F groups after 1 week of indwelling pancreatic stenting, it was considerably less severe in the WS-5F group compared with the CS-5F group (1.01 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.63 +/- 0.14, P < 0.01). All components of pancreatic injury were affected, with the most dramatic differences noted in inflammation, fibrosis, and edema. The differences were most marked in the stented segment ( P < 0.001) and in the upstream segment of the pancreas ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Indwelling conventional pancreatic stents can cause significant pancreatic injury even when left in place for only 1 week. A wing design can significantly ameliorate stent-induced changes.
Assuntos
Pâncreas/lesões , Ductos Pancreáticos , Stents/efeitos adversos , Animais , Cães , Desenho de Equipamento , Pâncreas/patologiaRESUMO
Chronic hepatitis C affects 0.3 to 1.5% of the general population worldwide. The estimated total number of newly acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is 28,000 in the USA, with 10,000 deaths each year resulting from HCV-associated chronic liver disease. Histological examination of liver tissue from chronic HCV infection shows lymphoid aggregates or follicles in the portal triads, focal fatty change and lobular inflammation. Hepatitis-associated bile duct lesion (HBL) is seen in 5 - 91% of the cases. While the morphological spectrum of HBL has been well described, its pathogenesis in hepatitis C is not known. To this date, evidence supports both the direct injury and immune-mediated mechanisms, but to what extent these mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of HBL in chronic hepatitis C remains unclear. Our study showed the presence of HCV in the bile duct epithelium of patients with chronic hepatitis C infection, using the laser capture microdissection technique. These results will enhance our diagnostic capabilities and treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection.
Assuntos
Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/patologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C Crônica/diagnóstico , Microdissecção/métodos , Adulto , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/virologia , Primers do DNA/química , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Células Epiteliais/virologia , Feminino , Hepatite C Crônica/virologia , Humanos , Lasers , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Viral/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Knowledge about the extent of damage with endoscopic cryotherapy is of critical importance before its potential as an ablative therapy is explored. The aims of this study were to evaluate the extent of transmural esophageal necrosis at 48 hours after cryospraying for varying durations, using a novel device based on the Joule-Thomson effect and with carbon dioxide as the refrigerant gas, and to examine the role of submucosal injection of saline in preventing deeper injury. METHODS: Cryospray was applied to several different segments of the esophagus for various lengths of time (15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 seconds) in a pig model. In another set of experiments performed subsequently, 2 ml of saline was injected into the submucosa and cryospray was applied for 60 seconds. RESULTS: Esophageal cryotherapy resulted in a dose-dependent injury to the esophagus: esophageal necrosis was minimal or limited to the mucosa after 15 seconds of cryospraying, extended to involve the submucosa after 30 seconds of cryospraying, and involved the muscularis propria also after 45 seconds, with frank transmural necrosis found after 120 seconds of cryotherapy. Prior submucosal saline injection protected against muscular necrosis from prolonged cryotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown a dose-dependent effect of cryotherapy on esophageal mucosal ablation. When more extensive lesions are encountered, it may be advisable to consider using submucosal saline injections as an additional safeguard against deeper injury.
Assuntos
Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Crioterapia/métodos , Esofagoscopia , Esôfago/patologia , Esôfago/cirurgia , Mucosa Intestinal/cirurgia , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Animais , Queimaduras/patologia , Queimaduras/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Esôfago/efeitos dos fármacos , Injeções , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Complicações Intraoperatórias/patologia , Complicações Intraoperatórias/prevenção & controle , Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso/patologia , Necrose/patologia , Necrose/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Suínos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The protective effects of rosmarinic acid (RA), a polyphenolic compound, on apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide in astrocytes were studied. Pretreating cells with RA significantly increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis rate induced by H2O2. The antiapoptotic effect of RA was further confirmed by increase of mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibition of caspase-3 activity. RA also attenuated cellular oxidative stress by decreasing the amount of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Results clearly show that RA was able to attenuate H2O2-induced cell injury by its antiapoptotic and antioxidant activity.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cinamatos/farmacologia , Animais , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Caspase 3 , Caspases/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Depsídeos , Citometria de Fluxo , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Potenciais da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxidantes/farmacologia , Ratos , Ácido RosmarínicoRESUMO
Hantavirus HV114, isolated from urine of a patient during epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China, was subjected to a detailed serological characterization using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), neutralization test and indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay (IFA). It has been found that HV114 is antigenically similar to the hantavirus A9 strain isolated in China and to the Hantaan 76-118 virus (HTNV 76-118), but different from the hantaviruses isolated from Apodemus agrarius in the region endemic for HFRS.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Orthohantavírus/classificação , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/análise , Antígenos Virais/análise , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , China , Chlorocebus aethiops , Orthohantavírus/genética , Orthohantavírus/imunologia , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Sorotipagem , Células VeroRESUMO
Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas is an uncommon neoplasm that occasionally exhibits papillary differentiation. The cytomorphologic structure of pancreatic serous cystadenoma has been rarely described, and, to our knowledge, such papillary morphologic structure has never been reported on fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination. We present a case of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas in a 77-year-old woman. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a well-demarcated solid/cystic mass in the midbody of the pancreas, suggestive of solid pseudopapillary tumor. Aspiration cytologic examination, performed under endoscopic ultrasound guidance, showed a predominantly papillary epithelial neoplasm consistent with the radiologic impression. Gross and histologic examination of the excised specimen revealed a pancreatic serous cystadenoma with multifocal papillae. This case illustrates the cytomorphologic structure of serous cystadenoma that presents with prominent papillary differentiation on aspiration cytologic examination. The unusual cytologic appearance of this tumor introduces significant diagnostic challenges to the pathologist. Serous cystadenoma must be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms with papillary morphologic structure as evaluated by fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination.
Assuntos
Cistadenoma Papilar/patologia , Cistadenoma Seroso/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Biópsia por Agulha , Cistadenoma Papilar/química , Cistadenoma Papilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistadenoma Papilar/cirurgia , Cistadenoma Seroso/química , Cistadenoma Seroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistadenoma Seroso/cirurgia , Endossonografia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/química , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgiaRESUMO
The proteinase-activated receptor 2 is expressed on a subset of primary afferent neurons and may participate in the neurogenic component of inflammation. We hypothesized that this receptor may also play a role in neuronal sensitization and contribute to the pathogenesis of pain in inflammatory conditions such as pancreatitis. Using a specific proteinase-activated receptor 2 activating peptide, we found evidence of such sensitization in vitro in the form of enhanced capsaicin- and KCl-evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide, a marker for nociceptive signaling. We then demonstrated that injection of the proteinase-activated receptor 2 activating peptide into the pancreatic duct can activate and sensitize pancreas-specific afferent neurons in vivo, as measured by Fos expression in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. These observations suggest that proteinase-activated receptor 2 contributes to nociceptive signaling and may provide a novel link between inflammation and pain.
Assuntos
Gânglios Espinais/metabolismo , Neurônios Aferentes/metabolismo , Dor/fisiopatologia , Receptores de Trombina/metabolismo , Animais , Peptídeo Relacionado com Gene de Calcitonina/metabolismo , Capsaicina , Células Cultivadas , Vias de Administração de Medicamentos , Gânglios Espinais/citologia , Gânglios Espinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Neurônios Aferentes/efeitos dos fármacos , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Medição da Dor , Pâncreas/citologia , Pâncreas/efeitos dos fármacos , Pâncreas/inervação , Ductos Pancreáticos/efeitos dos fármacos , Células do Corno Posterior/metabolismo , Cloreto de Potássio , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fos/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor PAR-2 , Receptores de Trombina/administração & dosagem , Receptores de Trombina/agonistasRESUMO
The histological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be complicated by difficulty in differentiation from cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stains currently in use are suboptimal in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Using cDNA array analysis for differential gene expression, we demonstrated a significant increase in mRNA expression level of CD10/CALLA, a type 2 cell-surface metalloproteinase, in HCC, which was subsequently confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. To test the possibility of using CD10/CALLA as a diagnostic marker for HCC, various intrahepatic tumors were studied immunohistochemically using a monoclonal antibody for CD10. A characteristic canalicular-staining pattern was observed in normal hepatocytes and at the apical surface of bile duct epithelial cells. The canalicular expression of CD10 was identified in 9 of 15 HCCs examined (60%), whereas 10 cholangiocarcinomas and 8 of 9 metastatic carcinomas lacked this staining. In three of the six HCCs negative for CD10, the surrounding nonneoplastic liver tissue was also negative, suggesting fixation-associated loss of immunoreactivity. Six HCCs had stronger CD10 staining in tumor cells when compared to the surrounding nonneoplastic tissue. Three cases of benign bile duct adenomas also expressed CD10 at the luminal aspect. One of the MCs showed a diffuse, cytoplasmic staining for CD10, a pattern readily distinguishable from that of HCC. A panel of other immunohistochemical markers were also studied for comparison, including polyclonal anti-carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, and alpha-fetoprotein. Our results demonstrate that cDNA arrays can be effectively used to identify new diagnostic markers, and that CD10 is a reliable marker for identifying HCC, particularly when used in conjunction with a panel of immunohistochemical markers (polyclonal anti-carcinoembryonic antigen, CK7, CK20, and alpha-fetoprotein) and in the distinction from cholangiocarcinoma.