RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2 exosomes) can regulate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the effect of miR-27a-3p derived from M2 exosomes on HCC has not been reported. We aim to explore the role of M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p in the cancer stemness of HCC via regulating thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). METHODS: Exosomes were extracted from transfected M2 macrophages and were then co-cultured with HCC cells. Expression of miR-27a-3p and TXNIP, stemness, proliferation, drug resistance, migration, invasion and in vivo tumorigenicity of HCC cells were determined to assess the role of M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p in HCC. The binding relationship between miR-27a-3p and TXNIP was detected. RESULTS: MiR-27a-3p was upregulated and TXNIP was downregulated in HCC cells, and M2 exosomes further upregulated miR-27a-3p. The upregulated M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p promoted stemness, proliferation, drug resistance, migration, invasion and in vivo tumorigenicity of HCC cells. TXNIP was confirmed as a target gene of miR-27a-3p. CONCLUSION: M2 macrophages-derived exosomal miR-27a-3p promotes cancer stemness of HCC via downregulating TXNIP.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Animais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/imunologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Regulação para Baixo/imunologia , Exossomos/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Macrófagos/citologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Regulação para Cima/imunologia , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Rhinocladiella, a genus of black yeast-like fungi, is related to many infections in humans, including not only mild cutaneous lesions but also fatal brain infections. However, endophthalmitis caused by Rhinocladiella has never been reported by far. Herein, we present the first case of endophthalmitis due to Rhinocladiella basitona. The diagnosis was based on histopathology, mycology, and molecular identification. A 53-year-old female was struck by a piece of wood in her right eye. The wound in the central cornea became an ulcer and was aggravated continuously. Hyphae were found in the corneal scraping smear. Then endophthalmitis occurred and could not be controlled by the combined intravitreal antibiotic injections and vitrectomy. Finally, penetrating keratoplasty combined with retinal reattachment surgery was performed. Topical and systemic antifungal agents were administered for more than 1 month. The patient was cured, with improved visual acuity and clear corneal graft.
