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1.
J Neuroeng Rehabil ; 21(1): 77, 2024 May 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38745227

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Over 80% of patients with stroke experience finger grasping dysfunction, affecting independence in activities of daily living and quality of life. In routine training, task-oriented training is usually used for functional hand training, which may improve finger grasping performance after stroke, while augmented therapy may lead to a better treatment outcome. As a new technology-supported training, the hand rehabilitation robot provides opportunities to improve the therapeutic effect by increasing the training intensity. However, most hand rehabilitation robots commonly applied in clinics are based on a passive training mode and lack the sensory feedback function of fingers, which is not conducive to patients completing more accurate grasping movements. A force feedback hand rehabilitation robot can compensate for these defects. However, its clinical efficacy in patients with stroke remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and added value of a force feedback hand rehabilitation robot combined with task-oriented training in stroke patients with hemiplegia. METHODS: In this single-blinded randomised controlled trial, 44 stroke patients with hemiplegia were randomly divided into experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups. Both groups received 40 min/day of conventional upper limb rehabilitation training. The experimental group received 20 min/day of task-oriented training assisted by a force feedback rehabilitation robot, and the control group received 20 min/day of task-oriented training assisted by therapists. Training was provided for 4 weeks, 5 times/week. The Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment of the hand part (FMA-Hand), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), grip strength, Modified Ashworth scale (MAS), range of motion (ROM), Brunnstrom recovery stages of the hand (BRS-H), and Barthel index (BI) were used to evaluate the effect of two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: Intra-group comparison: In both groups, the FMA-Hand, ARAT, grip strength, AROM, BRS-H, and BI scores after 4 weeks of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in finger flexor MAS scores before and after treatment (p > 0.05). Inter-group comparison: After 4 weeks of treatment, the experimental group's FMA-Hand total score, ARAT, grip strength, and AROM were significantly better than those of the control group (p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of each sub-item of the FMA-Hand after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.007). In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in MAS, BRS-H, and BI scores (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hand performance improved in patients with stroke after 4 weeks of task-oriented training. The use of a force feedback hand rehabilitation robot to support task-oriented training showed additional value over conventional task-oriented training in stroke patients with hand dysfunction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: NCT05841108.


Assuntos
Força da Mão , Hemiplegia , Robótica , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral/métodos , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral/instrumentação , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Robótica/instrumentação , Força da Mão/fisiologia , Hemiplegia/reabilitação , Hemiplegia/fisiopatologia , Hemiplegia/etiologia , Idoso , Método Simples-Cego , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Dedos/fisiologia , Dedos/fisiopatologia , Mãos/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Retroalimentação Sensorial/fisiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica
2.
Front Neurol ; 14: 1170420, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37273704

RESUMO

Stroke is a group of cerebrovascular diseases with high prevalence and mortality rate. Stroke can induce many impairments, including motor and cognitive dysfunction, aphasia/dysarthria, dysphagia, and mood disorders, which may reduce the quality of life among the patients. Constraint-induced therapy has been proven to be an effective treatment method for stroke rehabilitation. It has been widely used in the recovery of limb motor dysfunction, aphasia, and other impairment like unilateral neglect after stroke. In recent years, constraint-induced therapy can also combine with telehealth and home rehabilitation. In addition, constraint-induced therapy produces significant neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system. Functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and other imaging/electrophysiology methods have been used to clarify the mechanism and neuroplasticity. However, constraint-induced therapy has some limitations. It can only be used under certain conditions, and the treatment time and effectiveness are controversial. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism and effectiveness of CI therapy.

3.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) ; 12(3): 303-309, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37171133

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemotaxis effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) on human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). METHODS: A lentivirus vector with the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene was constructed and transfected to hADSCs. A control group and an SDF-1 induction group were set to estimate the efficacy of SDF-1 in promoting hADSCs chemotaxis and migration. RESULTS: After 7 days of infection with hADSCs by enhanced green fluorescent protein lentivirus, the positive rate of fluorescence expression detected by flow cytometry was 100%. After the addition of SDF-1 induction, the invasion ability of hADSCs was enhanced. CONCLUSIONS: SDF-1 can promote hADSCs migration and chemotaxis, which may play a role in stem cell transplantation.


Assuntos
Quimiocina CXCL12 , Quimiotaxia , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Humanos , Quimiocina CXCL12/genética
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(7)2023 Mar 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37047520

RESUMO

Most cardiomyocytes (CMs) in the adult mammalian heart are either binucleated or contain a single polyploid nucleus. Recent studies have shown that polyploidy in CMs plays an important role as an adaptive response to physiological demands and environmental stress and correlates with poor cardiac regenerative ability after injury. However, knowledge about the functional properties of polyploid CMs is limited. In this study, we generated tetraploid pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) by fusion of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and somatic cells isolated from bone marrow or spleen and performed a comparative analysis of the electrophysiological properties of tetraploid fusion-derived PSCs and diploid ESC-derived CMs. Fusion-derived PSCs exhibited characteristics of genuine ESCs and contained a near-tetraploid genome. Ploidy features and marker expression were also retained during the differentiation of fusion-derived cells. Fusion-derived PSCs gave rise to CMs, which were similar to their diploid ESC counterparts in terms of their expression of typical cardiospecific markers, sarcomeric organization, action potential parameters, response to pharmacologic stimulation with various drugs, and expression of functional ion channels. These results suggest that the state of ploidy does not significantly affect the structural and electrophysiological properties of murine PSC-derived CMs. These results extend our knowledge of the functional properties of polyploid CMs and contribute to a better understanding of their biological role in the adult heart.


Assuntos
Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes , Camundongos , Animais , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Tetraploidia , Diploide , Células-Tronco Embrionárias , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Poliploidia , Mamíferos
5.
Int J Med Sci ; 20(4): 557-565, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37057207

RESUMO

Background and objectives: Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is the cardinal factor due to the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins during the development of liver fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to find new targets for developing drugs to treat liver fibrosis, by screening the key genes involved in the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Methods: Differentially expressed genes were identified through TCGA database. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, western blot, and ELISA were performed to evaluate the expression levels of FAT10 and fibrotic molecules. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the signaling pathways and biological functions of FAT10 in LX-2 cell lines. Results: In the present study, expression profiles obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to explore the different genes expression between HSCs treated with or without carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) was selected for further investigations. In animal model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis, the expression of FAT10 on activated HSCs is upregulated. In vitro, silencing FAT10 reduced TGF-ß1-induced ECM activation and accumulation in LX-2 cells, and also suppressed the inflammatory response of LX-2 cells. Further Transwell results suggested that knockdown of FAT10 could inhibit TGF-ß1-induced LX-2 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, FAT10 promotes its fibrotic activity through regulating sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), with a concomitant activation of ECM. Conclusions: These findings indicated an unexpected role of FAT10 in liver fibrosis development, suggesting that silencing FAT10 might represent a new strategy for the treatment of fibrotic liver diseases.


Assuntos
Células Estreladas do Fígado , Sirtuína 1 , Ubiquitinas , Animais , Humanos , Tetracloreto de Carbono , Fibrose , Células Estreladas do Fígado/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/genética , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Sirtuína 1/genética , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Ubiquitinas/genética
6.
Front Neurol ; 14: 1108320, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36873455

RESUMO

Stroke and spinal cord injury are common neurological disorders that can cause various dysfunctions. Motor dysfunction is a common dysfunction that easily leads to complications such as joint stiffness and muscle contracture and markedly impairs the daily living activities and long-term prognosis of patients. Orthotic devices can prevent or compensate for motor dysfunctions. Using orthotic devices early can help prevent and correct deformities and treat muscle and joint problems. An orthotic device is also an effective rehabilitation tool for improving motor function and compensatory abilities. In this study, we reviewed the epidemiological characteristics of stroke and spinal cord injury, provided the therapeutic effect and recent advances in the application of conventional and new types of orthotic devices used in stroke and spinal cord injury in different joints of the upper and lower limbs, identified the shortcomings with these orthotics, and suggested directions for future research.

7.
JAMA Ophthalmol ; 141(4): 385-392, 2023 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36929413

RESUMO

Importance: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a leading cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED). Medical and surgical management for DED is limited; therefore, new treatment options are sought. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8058 (perfluorohexyloctane) eye drops in Chinese patients with DED associated with MGD through 57 days. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a randomized, multicenter, double-masked, saline-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial conducted from February 4, 2021, to September 7, 2022. Patients were recruited from the departments of ophthalmology in 15 hospitals in China. Patients with DED associated with MGD were enrolled between February 4 and July 1, 2021. The diagnosis was based on patient complaint of DED symptoms, an ocular surface disease index of 25 or higher, tear film break-up time of 5 seconds or less, Schirmer I test without anesthesia results of 5 mm or more at 5 minutes, total corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS) score of 4 to 11, and an MGD score of 3 or higher. Interventions: Eligible participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive perfluorohexyloctane eye drops or 0.6% sodium chloride [NaCl]) 4 times per day. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end points were the changes from baseline in tCFS and eye dryness scores at day 57. Results: A total of 312 participants were included in the analysis: 156 (mean [SD] age, 45.4 [15.2] years; 118 female [75.6%]) in the perfluorohexyloctane group and 156 (mean [SD] age, 43.7 [15.1] years; 127 female [81.4%]) in the NaCl group. Both primary end points were achieved, ie, changes from baseline at day 57 of tCFS score (mean [SD], -3.8 [2.7] vs -2.7 [2.8]) and eye dryness score (mean [SD], -38.6 [21.9] vs -28.3 [20.8]) in the perfluorohexyloctane group were superior to the control group, with estimated mean differences of -1.14 (95% CI, -1.70 to -0.57; P < .001) and -12.74 (95% CI, -17.20 to -8.28, P < .001), respectively. Improvements on both end points appeared to be noted on day 29 and day 15, respectively, and maintained through day 57. Compared with the control, perfluorohexyloctane eye drops also alleviated symptoms including pain (mean [SD] tCFS score, 26.7 [23.7] vs -18.7 [22.5]; P = .003), awareness of DED symptoms (mean [SD] tCFS score, -38.1 [25.1] vs -23.7 [27.6]; P < .001), and frequency of dryness (mean [SD] tCFS score, -43.3 [23.8] vs -29.1 [24.8]; P < .001). Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 34 participants (21.8%) and 40 participants (25.6%) in the perfluorohexyloctane and control groups, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: Results of this randomized clinical trial demonstrate that perfluorohexyloctane eye drops significantly ameliorated the signs and symptoms of DED associated with MGD with a rapid efficacy as well as satisfactory tolerability and safety through 57 days. Findings support the use of these eye drops if results can be confirmed independently and over longer time periods. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05515471.


Assuntos
Síndromes do Olho Seco , Disfunção da Glândula Tarsal , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Disfunção da Glândula Tarsal/complicações , Disfunção da Glândula Tarsal/tratamento farmacológico , Disfunção da Glândula Tarsal/fisiopatologia , Soluções Oftálmicas , Cloreto de Sódio , Glândulas Tarsais/fisiopatologia , População do Leste Asiático , Síndromes do Olho Seco/diagnóstico , Síndromes do Olho Seco/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes do Olho Seco/etiologia , Fluoresceína
8.
Hum Cell ; 35(1): 250-259, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34625908

RESUMO

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common, highly malignant bone tumor. Tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) has been identified as a potential oncogenic protein involved in the initiation and progression of various human carcinomas. Nonetheless, the possible roles and molecular mechanisms of action of TRIM59 in OS remain unclear. In this study, we found that TRIM59 expression levels were frequently upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. TRIM59 knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells and promoted OS cell apoptosis, whereas TRIM59 overexpression had the opposite effects. In vivo experiments demonstrated that TRIM59 knockdown suppressed OS tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, we found that TRIM59 directly interacted with phospho-STAT3 in OS cells. The downregulation of STAT3 levels attenuated TRIM59-induced cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our results indicate that TRIM59 promoted OS progression via STAT3 activation. Therefore, our study may provide a novel therapeutic target for OS.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Expressão Gênica , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/fisiologia , Osteossarcoma/genética , Osteossarcoma/patologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Proteínas com Motivo Tripartido/fisiologia , Apoptose/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/terapia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Invasividade Neoplásica/genética , Osteossarcoma/terapia , Proteínas com Motivo Tripartido/genética , Proteínas com Motivo Tripartido/metabolismo
9.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) ; 10(6): 572-578, 2021 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34789674

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Blue light triggers apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and causes retinal damage. The aim of this study was to elucidate the protective role of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) in photodamaged RPE cells. METHODS: RPE cells were isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and exposed to varying intensities of blue light (500-5000 lux) in vitro. Cell proliferation and metabolic activity were respectively assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to analyze the TRPM7, protein kinase C (PKC), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Bcl2-associated x/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bax/Bcl-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels. The cells were transfected with TRPM7 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or transduced with TRPM7-overexpressing lentiviruses and cultured with or without the pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). RESULTS: Blue light inhibited the proliferation and metabolic activity of RPE cells in an intensity-dependent manner when compared to nonirradiated controls (P < 0.05). Compared to the control, photodamaged RPE cells showed decreased levels of TRPM7, PKC, ERK, and Bax, and an increase in Bcl-2 levels (P < 0.01). Forced expression of TRPM7 partially rescued the proliferative capacity of RPE cells (P < 0.01) and restored the levels of TRPM7, PKC, ERK, and Bax (P < 0.01), whereas TRPM7 knockdown had the opposite effects (P < 0.01). TRPM7 and PEDF synergistically alleviated the damaging effects of blue light. CONCLUSIONS: Blue light triggers apoptosis of RPE cells, and its deleterious effects can be partially attenuated by the synergistic action of TRPM7 and PEDF via the PKC/ERK signaling pathway.


Assuntos
MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular , Proteína Quinase C , Canais de Cátion TRPM , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos da radiação , Células Cultivadas , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/metabolismo , Luz , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Proteína Quinase C/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/citologia , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/metabolismo , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/efeitos da radiação , Canais de Cátion TRPM/genética
10.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 67(2): 44-49, 2021 Sep 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34817340

RESUMO

The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti-lung cancer effects of astragalin. Studies were also undertaken to evaluate its effects on apoptosis induction, ROS production, cellular migration and invasion and JAK/STAT3 signalling pathway. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability in NSCLC A549 cells after exposure to astragalin molecule. Apoptosis was investigated using AO/EB staining, comet assay and western blotting assay. Fluorescence microscopy was implemented to estimate ROS production. Cell migration and invasion were measured using transwell chambers assay. Effects of astragalin on JAK/STAT pathway were investigated using western blotting assay. Results showed astragalin molecule induced inhibition of proliferation in A549 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Further, the antiproliferative effects were found to mediate via apoptosis as suggested by AO/EB staining and western blotting assay. Astragalin modulated the expressions of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, Bak, Cyt-c Bcl-2, XIAP and Bcl-xL. Astragalin induced DNA damage in A549 cells which too indicated apoptotic cell death. Astragalin molecule enhanced the production of ROS by A549 cells. It inhibited both cell migration and invasion of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, astragalin drug was observed with remarkable potential of targeting JAK/STAT pathway in A549 NSCLC cells. These results indicated that astragalin drug could prove helpful in lung cancer treatment and research provided more in-vivo studies are performed.


Assuntos
Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Janus Quinases/metabolismo , Quempferóis/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição STAT/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células A549 , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Caspases/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Ensaio Cometa , Dano ao DNA , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Humanos , Quempferóis/química , Pulmão/citologia , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Estrutura Molecular , Invasividade Neoplásica
11.
Eur J Pharm Sci ; 161: 105780, 2021 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33667664

RESUMO

Estrogen receptor (ER) is a potential target receptor for ER-positive cancer therapy including breast cancers, gastric cancers, and human acute myeloblastic leukaemia. In order to reduce the side-effects of mitoxantrone (MTO), estrone-targeted liposomes for MTO delivery via ER were designed for selectively targeting cancer cells. In previous studies, MTO-loaded estrogen receptor targeted and sterically stabilized liposome (ES-SSL-MTO; ES: estrone, is known to bind the ER) had been synthesized and showed a very high antiproliferative effect with IC50 value of 0.7 ng/mL. Based on these, further studies including in vivo targeting efficacy and antitumor activity, acute toxicity and pharmacokinetics of MTO liposomes were carried out. The results showed SSL (sterically stabilized liposome, PEGylated liposome, PEG: Polyethylene Glycol) could reduce drug metabolism, improve the stability of liposomes, prolong in vivo circulation time of drugs, reduce the toxicity of MTO. But SSL could not be enriched in tumor tissues. However, estrone (ES)-targeted liposomes could be delivered to tumor sites. ES-SSL could effectively enter into ER-expressing tumor cellsand be accumulated, prolong the circulation time in vivo, reduce side effects of drug. ES-SSL-MTO could provide higher bioavailability than MTO, enhance the anti-tumor effect and the safety of MTO, reduce the toxicity and side effects of MTO and improve the therapeutic effect of MTO. These facts proved ES-SSL is a useful tumor-targeting drug delivery system for MTO.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Lipossomos , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Estrona , Humanos , Mitoxantrona/toxicidade , Receptores de Estrogênio
12.
Int J Med Sci ; 17(13): 2040-2051, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32788883

RESUMO

Purpose: Using the gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and gastric cancer stem cell (CSC-G), we conducted this study to investigate the role of cancer stem cells in invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis. Methods: Stem cell markers (OCT4, SOX2, C-Myc and Klf4) expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The proliferation, migration, invasion abilities, L-OHP and 5-FU resistance, angiogenesis were assessed using in vitro spherical clone formation assays, plate cloning experiments, transwell migration, transwell invasion, drug resistance, scratch-wound migration, ring formation assay, and their tumorigenic and ability were assessed using a tumor formation experiment in mice. Results: Compared with the SGC7901, the expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and CD44 mRNA was significantly higher in CSC-G, the mRNA relative expression of E-cadherin in CSC-G was lower than SGC7901, while the expression of c-Myc did not significantly change. The proliferation, drug resistance, migration, and invasion abilities were significantly higher in CSC-G, and the tumorigenic ability in mice was also significantly higher. Conclusion: The proliferation, drug resistance, migration, invasion, and tumorigenic abilities of CSC-G significantly were higher than SGC7901. CSC-G plays important roles in proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity.


Assuntos
Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Neovascularização Patológica/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Animais , Antígenos CD/genética , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Caderinas/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuronatos/genética , Fator 4 Semelhante a Kruppel , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator 3 de Transcrição de Octâmero/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Fatores de Transcrição SOXB1/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
13.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 130: 110525, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32702633

RESUMO

Doxorubicin is a commonly used anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent; however, its application is limited owing to its cardiotoxicity. Current clinical treatments cannot efficiently or fully prevent doxorubicin-induced toxicity, primarily because its pathogenesis and mechanisms of action remain unknown. In this study, we established a rat model of chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, in which the severity of cardiac fibrosis and hydroxyproline levels increased in a time-dependent manner. Doxorubicin damaged the mitochondria and blood vessels and induced autophagy. Cells undergoing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT)and those expressing endothelial cell and myofibroblast markers were simultaneously observed in vitro and in rats treated with doxorubicin. The NF-κB pathway was activated during EndoMT, andp65 and p-p65 were strongly expressed in the nucleus of endothelial cells in vitro. Taken together, these results suggest that vascular injury and cardiac fibrosis are characteristic symptoms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The NF-κB pathway-associated EndoMT may influence the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and the constituents of this pathway may be potential therapeutic targets to prevent the development of this condition.


Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Cardiotoxicidade/prevenção & controle , Doxorrubicina/toxicidade , Células Endoteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasos Sanguíneos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cardiotoxicidade/patologia , Feminino , Fibrose , Hidroxiprolina/metabolismo , Masculino , Mitocôndrias Cardíacas/efeitos dos fármacos , Miofibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fator de Transcrição RelA/efeitos dos fármacos
14.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 41(3): 1286-1295, 2020 Mar 08.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32608630

RESUMO

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for crop growth, but the input of excess phosphorus is a significant cause of eutrophication. This study explored the relationship between fertilization methods and phosphorus loss in actual production, providing a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and rational reduction of fertilizer application. In the experiment, a wild-type OD flow plot was used to monitor the occurrence of multiple rainfall runoff and sediment yield in purple soil sloping farmland in 2017-2018. Four different schemes of non-fertilizer treatment, conventional fertilization treatment, optimized fertilization treatment, and reduced fertilization combined with biochar were studied. The effects of soil flow, surface runoff, and sediment phosphorus loss on purple soil sloping farmland were analyzed. The results showed that:①The total yield of each treatment was optimized (20737.23 L) > conventional (18513.17 L) > CK (18134.58 L) > biochar (13594.85 L), and the total sediment yield of each treatment was CK (1998 kg·hm-2) > biochar (1884 kg·hm-2) > optimized (1681 kg·hm-2) > conventional (910 kg·hm-2). The middle stream of soil is the main type of runoff in the rainy season, accounting for 60.14%-87.34% of the total output flow. The total amount of sediment produced by each treatment was not significantly different from that of the conventional treatment (P>0.05). ②The flux of total phosphorus loss in each treatment was characterized by sediment > surface runoff > soil middle flow. Phosphorus lost through the middle stream of soil is the least, accounting for only 2.63%-12.91% of the flux of total phosphorus loss, while the flux of sediment loss of phosphorus can reach 63.74%-78.74%, and thus is the main output route of soil phosphorus loss. ③The application of biochar can effectively reduce the abortion flow in the soil of purple soil sloping land, and the loss flux of orthophosphate in the middle stream, which are 49.94% and 56.45% lower than the conventional treatment, respectively. However, the interception effect on surface runoff is not good, and there is no significant influence on the flux loss of particulate phosphorus. At the same time, the flux of total phosphorus in surface runoff and sediment is significantly increased by 73.28% and 123.53%, respectively, compared with conventional treatment (P<0.05). Therefore, to control the loss of phosphorus in purple soil sloping farmland in southwest China, we should focus on reducing the occurrence of soil sediment loss. Bio-carbon should be further optimized in the practical application of agricultural production with the phosphorus fertilizer input ratio.

15.
J Int Med Res ; 48(6): 300060520927881, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32495667

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the efficacy of functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) in improving hemiplegic upper extremity function in patients with sub-acute stroke. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 40 sub-acute stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited from inpatient wards in the Department of Rehabilitation and randomly assigned to two groups. In the FMS group, magnetic stimulation was applied to extensor muscle groups of the affected upper extremity. In the low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) group, stimulation was applied to the contralesional primary motor cortex. All patients received occupational therapy. Hand and upper extremity motor function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE), and the Barthel Index (BI) evaluated daily living abilities. RESULTS: The FMA-UE and BI scores were significantly increased in both groups following stimulation. Furthermore, a significant between-group difference was observed in both FMA-UE and BI scores after 2 weeks of therapy. In the FMS group, 6 of 19 patients regained wrist and finger extension abilities, but only 2 patients regained equivalent motor skills in the LF-rTMS group. CONCLUSIONS: FMS improves paretic upper extremity function and leads to better recovery of motor activity than LF-rTMS. FMS may be a novel modality to improve motor function.


Assuntos
Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral/métodos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana/métodos , Extremidade Superior/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Córtex Motor/fisiopatologia , Método Simples-Cego , Resultado do Tratamento , Extremidade Superior/inervação , Adulto Jovem
16.
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) ; 52(6): 631-637, 2020 Jun 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32409840

RESUMO

Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression plays a critical role in osteosarcoma (OS) pathogenesis. In this study, we elucidated the involvement of miR-487a in OS and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that miR-487a was upregulated in OS clinical samples and cell lines. Knockdown of miR-487a suppressed OS cell growth and invasion and induced apoptosis; however, overexpression of miR-487a promoted OS cell growth and invasion. Accordingly, downregulation of miR-487a significantly suppressed tumor growth of OS xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) mRNA was found to be a novel target of miR-487a. Knockdown of BTG2 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) recapitulated the oncogenic effects of miR-487a, whereas BTG2 overexpression partially reversed these effects. Finally, miR-487a levels were found to be negatively correlated with BTG2 expression in OS clinical samples. Collectively, our data suggest that miR-487a is an oncogenic miRNA in OS and it lowers BTG2 expression.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/metabolismo , Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/biossíntese , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Oncogenes , Osteossarcoma/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , RNA Neoplásico/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/biossíntese , Animais , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Humanos , Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/genética , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , MicroRNAs/genética , Osteossarcoma/genética , Osteossarcoma/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Neoplásico/genética , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética
17.
Acc Chem Res ; 53(4): 773-781, 2020 04 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32227911

RESUMO

Heterocycles are often found as the structural nucleus in natural products and biological active compounds. Consequently, research toward the discovery and development of novel and efficient synthetic methodologies is of constant interest to organic chemists. Diels-Alder reactions are powerful at forming multiple bonds simultaneously, often with stereoselectivity, and thus are one of the most widely used synthetic methodologies in organic syntheses. Inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions, a subclass of Diels-Alder reactions, have been developed for the efficient synthesis of various heterocycles, with 1,3,5-triazines used as azadienes. The initial 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reactions mostly included nonaromatic, electron-rich species such as vinyl ethers, enamines, ynamines, and amidines as dienophiles, producing in high yields pyrimidine derivatives with excellent regioselectivity. We hypothesized that some electron-rich aromatic heterocycles could be studied as potential dienophiles for 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reactions; 5-aminopyrazoles proved to be productive dienophiles leading to high yields of pyrazolopyrimidines. Subsequently, many studies were reported to investigate the mechanism and scope of this new type of IEDDA reaction. Mechanistically, this new type of IEDDA reaction is quite interesting since it entails two aromatic compounds proceeding through a perceived high energy nonaromatic transition state, leading to a new aromatic compound, a counterintuitive process. Both theoretical and experimental studies provide key insights to this reaction mechanism, with learnings from these studies possibly stimulating unconventional thinking in other areas. Theoretical calculations of these cascade reactions of amino-substituted heterocycles with 1,3,5-triazines indicate that the reactions occur in a stepwise fashion via a highly polar zwitterionic intermediate; elimination of ammonia from IEDDA adducts and subsequent retro Diels-Alder reaction drive the reaction toward the fully aromatized IEDDA products. This amino substituent is critical in determining the regioselectivity and driving the cascade reactions to completion. With regard to reaction scope, many amino-heterocycles such as pyrroles, imidazoles, furans, thiophenes, and indoles all proved to be productive dienophiles for this new IEDDA reaction, leading to various fused-pyrimidines in a single step with moderate to high yields and high regioselectivity. Application of this new IEDDA reaction with 1,3,5-triazines was reported to lead to interesting heterocyclic compounds such as nucleoside natural product nebularine and analogues, as well as fluorine-containing fused pyrimidines with potential for biological activities.Herein, the scope of various aromatic heterocycles as dienophiles in the 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reaction is reviewed. Moreover, both experimental and theoretical studies of the mechanisms for this interesting cascade IEDDA reaction are discussed. Finally, applications of this new type (aromatic heterocycles as dienophiles with 1,3,5-triazines as azadienes) of IEDDA reaction are also covered.


Assuntos
Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Triazinas/química
18.
Acta Ophthalmol ; 98(6): e781-e787, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32153141

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To explore regional variation of the macular microvasculature in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), also to detect the association between retinal macular microvascular parameters and the progress of preclinical AD. METHODS: Prospective study of healthy controls, patients with MCI and patients with AD by using Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). We quantified foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas, densities of the superficial retinal capillary plexuses (SRCP) and deep retinal capillary plexuses (DRCP). The SRCP and DRCP were divided into inner (3 mm) and external (6 mm) annular rings, each containing four quadrants (SI, II, TI, NI, SE, IE, TE and NE). The data were analysed statistically by using SPSS 22 software. RESULTS: Totally, 60 subjects including 21 HC (33 eyes), 21 patients with MCI (32 eyes) and 18 AD patients (28 eyes) were recruited. The microvascular densities of DRCP at all quadrants of the parafovea and perifovea were significantly lower in AD patients compared to HC group (p < 0.05). Compared to the HCs, MCI patients showed significant microvascular loss in most sectors of the parafovea and the SE sector of the DRCP (p < 0.05), but not in the parafovea (p = 0.829) or perifovea (p = 0.824) of the SRCP. No significant difference was found in microvascular density of SRCP among the groups, except at SI between the AD and HC groups (p = 0.048). CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrated the macular microvascular attenuation in MCI and AD patients. Both AD and MCI patients showed retinal microvascular density loss, which is more significant in the deep retinal capillary plexuses. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) can be used to identify early microvascular abnormalities in AD and MCI. Quantified microvascular density in the DRCP might serve as potential biomarkers of early sign of AD then contribute to forestall the progression of preclinical AD.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/complicações , Disfunção Cognitiva/complicações , Microvasos/patologia , Degeneração Retiniana/etiologia , Vasos Retinianos/patologia , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microvasos/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Degeneração Retiniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos
19.
J Sep Sci ; 43(12): 2264-2269, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32160411

RESUMO

Amantadine plasma concentrations correlate well with desired therapeutic effects and adverse outcomes; information on amantadine exposure could be useful when multiple amantadine clearance pathways are impaired or non-compliance is suspected. Micro-sampling strategies, like dried plasma spot, would be particularly useful because ambulatory patients that do not attend a clinic can easily sample a few drops of blood by themselves at the required time of the dosing interval. We developed and validated a dried-plasma-spot-based high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to quantify amantadine. This assay met relevant validation requirements within a hematocrit range of 20-50% and was linear from 100 to 2000 ng/mL. Amantadine was stable in dried plasma spots for up to 21 days at room temperature, regardless of whether the dried plasma spot was protected from light or not. The correlation between paired dried and wet plasma concentrations was assessed in 52 patients. Deming regression coefficients between wet plasma and simultaneously pipetted dried plasma spots were used to predict plasma concentrations. Bland-Altman plots revealed a strong agreement between dried and wet plasma concentrations, supporting the clinical usefulness of dried plasma spots for amantadine monitoring with a self-sampling strategy at a convenient time and place for the patient.


Assuntos
Amantadina/sangue , Teste em Amostras de Sangue Seco , Amantadina/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem
20.
BMC Ophthalmol ; 20(1): 7, 2020 Jan 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31906900

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To study the therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) against retinal neovascularization and to compare with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. METHODS: Neonatal C57BL/6 mice were exposed in hyperoxygen and returned to room air to develop oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Red fluorescent protein-labeled BMSC and Conbercept were intravitreally injected into OIR mice, respectively. Inhibition of neovascularization and apoptosis in OIR mice were assessed through retinal angiography, histopathology and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS: BMSC were able to migrate and integrate into the host retina, significantly inhibit retinal neovascular tufts and remodel the capillary network after injecton. Treatment with BMSC increased the retinal vascular density, decreased the number of acellular capillaries and inhibited retinal cell death. This effect was not inferior to current anti-VEGF therapy by using Conbercept. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of BMSC exerts a protective effect against retinal neovascularization and offers a therapeutic strategy for oxygen-induced retinopathy.


Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/uso terapêutico , Neovascularização Retiniana/tratamento farmacológico , Análise de Variância , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
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