Preparation of a (Ca,Sr,Ba)ZrO3 Crucible by Slip Casting for the Vacuum Induction Melting of NiTi Alloy.

Vacuum induction melting is a more energy-efficient process for the preparation of a titanium alloy with good homogeneity and low cost. But the crucial problem for this technology is in developing a crucible refractory with high stability. In the present work, a novel (Ca,Sr,Ba)ZrO3 crucible was prepared by slip casting and its performance in melting NiTi alloy was studied. The results showed that a single solid solution was formed with a homogeneous distribution of metal elements after sintering at 1500 °C. It was found that the total content of oxygen and nitrogen remaining in the TiNi alloy after melting in the (Ca,Sr,Ba)ZrO3 crucible was 0.0173 wt.%, which fulfills the ASTM standard on biomedical TiNi alloys. The good resistance of the (Ca,Sr,Ba)ZrO3 crucible to molten NiTi has a relationship with the sluggish diffusion effect of high-entropy ceramics. This study provides insights into the process of designing highly suitable crucible material for melting a NiTi alloy.

A review of matrix metalloproteinase-2-sensitive nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery for tumor therapy.

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-responsive nanodrug vehicles have garnered significant attention as antitumor drug delivery systems due to the extensive research on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) within the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). These nanodrug vehicles exhibit stable circulation in the bloodstream and accumulate specifically in tumors through various mechanisms. Upon reaching tumor tissues, their structures are degraded in response to MMP-2 within the ECM, resulting in drug release. This controlled drug release significantly increases drug concentration within tumors, thereby enhancing its antitumor efficacy while minimizing side effects on normal organs. This review provides an overview of MMP-2 characteristics, enzyme-sensitive materials, and current research progress regarding their application as MMP-2-responsive nanodrug delivery system for anti-tumor drugs, as well as considering their future research prospects. In conclusion, MMP-2-sensitive drug delivery carriers have a broad application in all kinds of nanodrug delivery systems and are expected to become one of the main means for the clinical development and application of nanodrug delivery systems in the future.

Borate-containing triblock copolymer electrolytes for improved lithium-ion transference number and interface stability.

The electrolytes with high lithium-ion transference number (tLi+) can reduce the formation of concentration polarization during charge/discharge process and improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we report triblock copolymer electrolytes (PBOEE) containing borate. The sp2 hybridized boron atoms acting as Lewis acids can anchor the anions of lithium salts, enabling PBOEE to achieve high tLi+ of up to 0.53. Also, the borate groups can promote the formation of stable organic-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, which enables the Li symmetric cell to cycle stably at 0.1 mA cm-2/0.1 mAh cm-2 for more than 3100 h with a low overpotential of 0.08 V under 50 °C. The optimized PBOEE_24 has an ionic conductivity of 1.41 × 10-4 S cm-1 and electrochemical stability window of 4.8 V vs. Li+/Li at 50 °C. Combining these advantages, the LiFePO4/PBOEE_24/Li cell exhibits an initial discharge specific capacity of 157.3 mA h g-1 at 0.5C with a capacity retention of 85 % after 600 cycles under 50 °C. At a higher current density of 1C, the discharge capacity maintains at 128.0 mA h g-1 after 400 cycles with a capacity retention of 84.88 %. These results suggest that block copolymer containing sp2 hybridized boron atoms is a promising all-solid-state polymer electrolyte.

Non-noble metal single-atoms for oxygen electrocatalysis in rechargeable zinc-air batteries: recent developments and future perspectives.

Ever-growing demands for zinc-air batteries (ZABs) call for the development of advanced electrocatalysts. Single-atom catalysts (SACs), particularly those for isolating non-noble metals (NBMs), are attracting great interest due to their merits of low cost, high atom utilization efficiency, structural tunability, and extraordinary activity. Rational design of advanced NBM SACs relies heavily on an in-depth understanding of reaction mechanisms. To gain a better understanding of the reaction mechanisms of oxygen electrocatalysis in ZABs and guide the design and optimization of more efficient NBM SACs, we herein organize a comprehensive review by summarizing the fundamental concepts in the field of ZABs and the recent advances in the reported NBM SACs. Moreover, the selection of NBM elements and supports of SACs and some effective strategies for enhancing the electrochemical performance of ZABs are illustrated in detail. Finally, the challenges and future direction in this field of ZABs are also discussed.

Composite of a thiacalix[4]arene-copper(I) metal-organic framework and mesoporous carbon for efficient electrochemical detection of antibiotics.

Abundant use of nitrofurantoin (NFT) and metronidazole (MTZ) antibiotics has led to excessive residues in the environments and humans, resulting in serious damage to the human body and ecosystem. Therefore, effective detection of NFT and MTZ is exceedingly necessary. In this regard, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials as electrochemical sensors. Herein, we synthesized a new two-dimensional thiacalix [4]arene-copper (I) MOF (Cu-TC4A-M). This MOF was mixed with mesoporous carbon (MC) to a give Cu-TC4A-M@MC composite. In addition, the sensors of Cu-TC4A-M@MC(2:1)/GCE and Cu-TC4A-M@MC(1:2)/GCE were achieved (GCE = glassy carbon electrode), and then were applied for effectively detecting NFT and MTZ, respectively. Markedly, the two sensors exhibited satisfactory linear detection range, anti-interference, reproducibility and stability. When they were utilized in the real samples, such as human serum, urine, tap water and lake water, satisfactory recoveries were attained. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range of 1.16 % âˆ¼ 1.92 % for NFT and 0.95 % âˆ¼ 2.33 % for MTZ. This work provided a new application prospect for the thiacalix [4]arene-based MOFs as promising candidate materials for NFT and MTZ detection.

Study on the toxicity prediction model ofacetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides based on human serum albumin and superoxide dismutase binding information.

Toxicity significantly influences the successful development of drugs. Based on the toxicity prediction method (carrier protein binding information-toxicity relationship) previously established by the our group, this paper introduces information on the interaction between pesticides and environmental markers (SOD) into the model for the first time, so that the toxicity prediction model can not only predict the toxicity of pesticides to humans and animals, but also predict the toxicity of pesticides to the environment. Firstly, the interaction of acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides (ALS inhibitor herbicides) with human serum albumin (HSA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was investigated systematically from theory combined with experiments by spectroscopy methods and molecular docking, and important fluorescence parameters were obtained. Then, the fluorescence parameters, pesticides acute toxicity LD50 and structural splitting information were used to construct predictive modeling of ALS inhibitor herbicides based on the carrier protein binding information (R2 = 0.977) and the predictive modeling of drug acute toxicity based on carrier protein binding information and conformational relationship (R2 = 0.991), which had effectively predicted pesticides toxicity in humans and animals. To predict potential environmental toxicity, the predictive modeling of drug acute toxicity based on superoxide dismutase binding information was established (R2 = 0.883) by ALS inhibitor herbicides-SOD binding information, which has a good predictive ability in the potential toxicity of pesticides to the environment. This study lays the foundation for developing low toxicity pesticides.

Nano-Micro Core-Shell Fibers for Efficient Pest Trapping.

Insect sex pheromones as an alternative to chemical pesticides hold promising prospects in pest control. However, their burst release and duration need to be optimized. Herein, pheromone-loaded core-shell fibers composed of degradable polycaprolactone and polyhydroxybutyrate were prepared by coaxial electrospinning. The results showed that this core-shell fiber had good hydrophobic performance and thermal stability, and the light transmittance in the ultraviolet band was only below 40%, which provided protection to pheromones. The core-shell structure alleviated the burst release of pheromone in the fiber and extended the release time to about 133 days. In the field, the pheromone-loaded core-shell fibers showed the same continuous and efficient trapping of Spodoptera litura as the commercial carriers. More importantly, the electrospun fibers combined with biomaterials had a degradability unmatched by commercial carriers. The structure design strategy provides ideas for the innovative design of pheromone carriers and is a potential tool for the management of agricultural pests.

Effect of raw material frozen storage on physicochemical properties and flavor compounds of fermented mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi).

Frozen mandarin fish (MF) is utilized for preparation fermented MF. However, how raw material (RM) affects the quality and flavor of fermented MF is unclear. This study investigated the impact and mechanism of RM frozen storage on the microstructure, texture, water distribution, and flavor of fermented MF by light microscopy, texture profile analysis, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, and multivariate analysis. With increasing RM frozen storage time, both frozen MF and frozen-based fermented MF decreased in muscle fiber density while increased in muscle fiber diameter. Additionally, RM frozen storage exhibited a significant impact on the water distribution of frozen MF, while no obvious effect on that of frozen-based fermented MF. Seven odorant (2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 2,3-butanedione, hexanal-D, ethyl acetate-D, 3-pentanone, and acetone) were shown as potential markers to distinguish fermented MF. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality frozen-based fermented MF.

High-dose remifentanil exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through activation of calcium-sensing receptor-mediated pyroptosis.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was involved in HRF-mediated exacerbation of MI/R injury through NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Methods: In vivo, a rat MI/R model was established by ligating the left coronary artery, and short-term HRF exposure was induced during reoxygenation. Then, TUNEL, H&E, Masson staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) and serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK), as well as the expression levels of CaSR and pyroptosis-related proteins in heart tissues, were measured. H9c2 cells were cultured to create a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model and exposed to different concentrations of RF. After pretreatment with the CaSR activator gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) and inhibitor NPS2143 in the H/R model and treatment with HRF, we compared cellular viability, TUNEL, cytosolic [Ca2+]i, the levels of LDH and CK, pyroptosis-related proteins and CaSR in H9c2 cells. We further researched the mechanisms of CaSR-mediated pyroptosis in the H/R+HRF model by CaSR-shRNA, Ac-YVAD-CMK, MCC950 and NAC. Results: We found that HRF significantly increased CaSR expression, rate of cell death, levels of CK and LDH, and exacerbated pyroptosis in MI/R model. In vitro, HRF increased CaSR expression, decreased viability, enhanced cytosolic [Ca2+]i and exacerbated pyroptosis in H/R cells. Pretreated with GdCl3 worsen these changes, and NPS2143, MCC950, Ac-YVAD-CMK, NAC and sh-CaSR can reversed these effects. Conclusion: Exposure to HRF for a short time exacerbates MI/R-induced injury by targeting CaSR to increase cytosolic [Ca2+]i and ROS levels, which mediate the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis.

Recent advances of H-intercalated Pd-based nanocatalysts for electrocatalytic reactions.

The intercalation of H into Pd-based nanocatalysts plays a crucial role in optimizing the catalytic performance by tailoring the structural and electronic properties. We herein present a comprehensive review about the recent progress of interstitial hydrogen atom modified Pd-based nanocatalysts for various energy-related electrocatalytic reactions. Before systematically manifesting the great potential of Pd-based hydrides for electrocatalytic applications, we have briefly illustrated the synthesis strategies and corresponding mechanisms for the Pd-based hydrides. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion about the fundamentals and functions of H intercalation in tailoring their physicochemical and electrochemical properties. Subsequently, we focus on the widespread application of Pd-based hydrides for electrocatalytic reactions, with the emphasis on the role of H intercalation played in determining electrocatalytic performance. Finally, the future direction and perspectives regarding the development of more efficient Pd-based hydrides are also manifested.

Novel mutations in ATP7B in Chinese patients with Wilson's disease and identification of kidney disorder of thinning of the glomerular basement membrane.

Introduction: Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by ATP7B pathogenic mutations. The hallmark of this disorder mainly consists of liver involvement, neurologic dysfunction and psychiatric features. In addition, the kidneys can also be affected by excessive copper deposition. Methods: A total of 34 patients clinically diagnosed with WD were recruited. They underwent ATP7B gene sequencing and clinical data of symptoms, examination, and treatment were collected. Moreover, renal pathology information was also investigated. Results: We identified 25 potentially pathogenic ATP7B variants (16 missense, 5 frameshift, 3 splicing variants and 1 large deletion mutation) in these 34 WD patients, 5 of which were novel. In our cases, the most frequent variant was c.2333G>T (R778L, 39.06%, exon 8), followed by c.2621C>T (A874V, 10.94%, exon 11) and c.3316G>A (V1106I, 7.81%, exon 11). Furthermore, we described the thinning of the glomerular basement membrane as a rare pathologically damaging feature of Wilson's disease for the first time. Additionally, two patients who received liver transplant were observed with good prognosis in present study. Discussion: Our work expanded the spectrum of ATP7B variants and presented rare renal pathological feature in WD patients, which may facilitate the development of early diagnosis, counseling, treatment regimens of WD.

Applying molecular docking to pesticides.

Pesticide creation is related to the development of sustainable agricultural and ecological safety, and molecular docking technology can effectively help in pesticide innovation. This paper introduces the basic theory behind molecular docking, pesticide databases, and docking software. It also summarizes the application of molecular docking in the pesticide field, including the virtual screening of lead compounds, detection of pesticides and their metabolites in the environment, reverse screening of pesticide targets, and the study of resistance mechanisms. Finally, problems with the use of molecular docking technology in pesticide creation are discussed, and prospects for the future use of molecular docking technology in new pesticide development are discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Identification and validation of a novel anoikis-related signature for predicting prognosis and immune landscape in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma.

Background: Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC) is the most prevalent histological subtype of ovarian cancer (OV) and presents a serious threat to women's health. Anoikis is an essential component of metastasis, and tumor cells can get beyond it to become viable. The impact of anoikis on OSC, however, has only been the topic of a few studies. Methods: The mRNA sequencing and clinical information of OSC came from The Cancer Genome Atlas Target Genotype-Tissue Expression (TCGA TARGET GTEx) dataset. Anoikis-related genes (ARGs) were collected by Harmonizome and GeneCards websites. Centered on these ARGs, we used unsupervised consensus clustering to explore potential tumor typing and filtered hub ARGs to create a model of predictive signature for OSC patients. Furthermore, we presented clinical specialists with a novel nomogram based on ARGs, revealing the underlying clinical relevance of this signature. Finally, we explored the immune microenvironment among various risk groups. Results: We identified 24 ARGs associated with the prognosis of OSC and classified OSC patients into three subtypes, and the subtype with the best prognosis was more enriched in immune-related pathways. Seven ARGs (ARHGEF7, NOTCH4, CASP2, SKP2, PAK4, LCK, CCDC80) were chosen to establish a risk model and a nomogram that can provide practical clinical decision support. Risk scores were found to be an independent and significant prognostic factor in OSC patients. The CIBERSORTx result revealed an inflammatory microenvironment is different for risk groups, and the proportion of immune infiltrates of Macrophages M1 is negatively correlated with risk score (rs = -0.21, P < 0.05). Ultimately, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized to validate the expression of the seven pivotal ARGs. Conclusion: In this study, based on seven ARGs, a risk model and nomogram established can be used for risk stratification and prediction of survival outcomes in patients with OSC, providing a reliable reference for individualized therapy of OSC patients.

The Noninvasive Sonothermogenetics Used for Neuromodulation in M1 Region of Mice Brain by Overexpression of TRPV1.

Sonogenetics is preferred for neuroregulation and the treatment of brain diseases due to its noninvasive properties. Ultrasonic stimulation produces thermal and mechanical effects, among others. Since transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) could be activated at 42 °C, it is overexpressed in the M1 region of the mouse motor cortex to sense the change of temperature upon being stimulated by focused ultrasound. Whether the heat generated by ultrasonic stimulation could activate TRPV1 in the M1 region and induce changes in electromyography (EMG) signals collected from the mice's triceps was carefully verified. The position of the focused ultrasound and the temperature of the tissue at the location of the focused position were simulated using COMSOL software and verified via experiments. For Neuro-2a cells with TRPV1 overexpression, 42 °C could activate the TRPV1 and induce calcium influx. For mice with TRPV1 overexpression in the M1 region, tissue temperature of >42 °C in the M1 region induces an increased number of cfos, suggesting that neurons with overexpressed TRPV1 in the M1 region can be activated using focused ultrasound. Furthermore, when the temperature is >42 °C, the peak-to-peak value of the EMG signal for mice with TRPV1 overexpression in the M1 region was higher than that for mice without TRPV1 overexpression. The immunohistochemical results showed that ultrasound was not harmful to the stimulation site. The noninvasive ultrasound stimulation combined with thermosensitive protein TRPV1 overexpressed in neurocytes as sonothermogenetics technology has great potential to be used for the treatment of neurological diseases.

Autoimmune Disease-Related Hub Genes are Potential Biomarkers and Associated with Immune Microenvironment in Endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis, a common gynecological condition, can cause symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, infertility, and abnormal bleeding, which can negatively affect a woman's quality of life. In the current study, the pathophysiological mechanisms of endometriosis are unknown, but this study suggests that endometriosis is associated with dysregulation of the autoimmune system. This study identify hub genes involved in the prevalence, identification and diagnostic value of endometriosis and autoimmune diseases, and explore the central genes and immune infiltrates, the diagnosis of endometriosis provides a new sight of thinking about diagnosis and treatment. Methods and Results: The relevant datasets for endometriosis GSE141549, GSE7305 and autoimmune disease-related genes (AIDGs) were downloaded from online database. Using the "limma" package and WGCNA to screen out the autoimmune disease related genes and endometriosis related genes, the autoimmune disease gene-related differential genes (AID-DEGs) progressive GO, KEGG enrichment analysis, and then using the protein interaction network and Cytoscape software to select hub genes (CXCL12, PECAM1, NGF, CTGF, WNT5A), using the "pROC" package to analyze the hub genes for the diagnostic value of endometriosis. The difference in the importance of hub genes for the diagnosis of endometriosis was analyzed by machine learning random forest, and the combined diagnostic value of hub genes was analyzed by using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. The eutopic (EU) and ectopic endometrium (EC) immune microenvironment of endometriosis was evaluated using CIBERSORT, the correlation of hub genes to the immune microenvironment was analyzed. Conclusion: The hub genes associated with AIDGs are differentially expressed in EC and EU of endometriosis and possess important value for the diagnosis of endometriosis. The hub genes have a very important impact on the immune microenvironment of endometriosis, which is important for exploring the connection between endometriosis and autoimmune diseases and provides a new insight for the subsequent study of immunotherapy and diagnosis of endometriosis.

Biodegradable electrospun fibers as sustained-release carriers of insect pheromones for field trapping of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

BACKGROUND: Insect pheromones are highly effective and environmentally friendly, and are widely used in the monitoring and trapping of pests. However, many researchers have found that various factors such as ultraviolet light and temperature in the field environment can accelerate the volatilization of pheromones, thus affecting the actual control effect. In recent years, electrospinning technology has demonstrated remarkable potential in the preparation of sustained carriers. Moreover, the utilization of biodegradable materials in electrospinning presents a promising avenue for the advancement of eco-friendly carriers. RESULTS: In this study, homogeneous and defect-free pheromone carriers were obtained by electrospinning using fully biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate materials and pheromones of Spodoptera litura. The electrospun fibers with porous structure could continuously release pheromone (the longest can be ≤80 days). They also had low light transmission, hydrophobic protection. More importantly, the pheromone-loaded electrospun fiber carriers showed stable release and good trapping effect in the field. They could trap pests for at least 7 weeks in the field environment without other light stabilizers added. CONCLUSION: Sustained-release carriers constructed by electrospinning and green materials could improve the efficacy of pheromones and ensure environmental friendliness, and provided a tool for the management of S. litura and other pests and sustainable development of agricultural. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cascade bunch focusing on chip using terahertz pulses to drive prism arrays.

The dielectric laser accelerator (DLA) is a promising candidate for next-generation table-top and even on-chip particle accelerators. Long-range focusing of a tiny-size electron bunch on chip is crucial for the practical applications of DLA, which has been a challenge. Here we propose a bunch focusing scheme, which uses a pair of readily available few-cycle terahertz (THz) pulses to drive an array of millimeter-scale prisms via the inverse Cherenkov effect. The THz pulses are reflected and refracted multiple times through the prism arrays, synchronizing with and periodically focusing the electron bunch along the bunch channel. Cascade bunch-focusing is realized by making the electromagnetic field phase experienced by electrons in each stage of the array, that is, the synchronous phase, in the focusing phase region. The focusing strength can be adjusted via changing the synchronous phase and THz field intensity, optimization of which will sustain the stable bunch transportation in a tiny-size bunch channel on chip. This bunch-focusing scheme sets a base for developing a long-acceleration-range and high-gain DLA.

Recombinant Adenovirus-Mediated HIF-lα Ameliorates Neurological Dysfunction by Improving Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Penumbra After Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats.

Background: Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) regulates glucose metabolism during ischemia. This study investigated the effect of recombinant adenovirus HIF-1ɑ on neurological function and energy metabolism in a rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated (Sham) group, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) group, recombinant adenovirus empty vector (Ad) group, and recombinant adenovirus-mediated HIF-1α (AdHIF-1α) group. The AdHIF-1α group and the Ad group were injected with AdHIF-1α and Ad in the lateral ventricle. The mNSS was performed at post-ischemia day 0 (P0) and P1, P14 and P28. At P14, the cerebral infarct volume was compared. At P28, HE staining, Nissl stains and TUNEL staining were performed. The expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1 and PFKFB3 were evaluated by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the expression of GLUT1 and PFKFB3, and the level of energy metabolites: ATP, ADP and AMP. Results: mNSS scores in the AdHIF-1α group were consistently lower than those in the CIR and Ad groups from P14 (P < 0.05) and Ad groups (P < 0.05). The cerebral infarct volume was reduced in the AdHIF-1α group compared with that in CIR group and Ad group (P < 0.05). At P28, HE showed better pathological changes in AdHIF-1α group. The number of Nissl bodies was increased in the AdHIF-1α group compared with the CIR and Ad groups (P < 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells in the AdHIF-1α group was fewer than that in the CIR and Ad groups (P < 0.05). The expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1 and PFKFB3 was significantly higher in the AdHIF-1α group compared with the CIR and Ad groups (P < 0.05). The ATP, ADP and AMP in the ischemic penumbra were also higher in the AdHIF-1α group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: HIF-lα promoted neurological function recovery and decreased cerebral infarct volume in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by improving energy metabolism.

Bethesda system reporting rates, histological follow-up and HPV genotypes distribution of abnormal cytology in Anhui province of China: Analysis of 93,168 cervical liquid-based cytology test reports.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Bethesda System reporting rates, histological follow-up, and HPV genotypes distribution of abnormal cytology in Anhui province of China. METHODS: According to the Bethesda Reporting System of Cervical Cytology (2014), a retrospective analysis of the cervical liquid-based cytology (LBC) results, abnormal cytology with concurrent HPV genotype testing, and immediate histological follow-up. HPV genotype testing was performed for 15 High-risk types and 6 Low-risk types. Immediate histological correlation results within 6 months after the LBC and HPV results. RESULTS: 6.70% of women with abnormal LBC results, and ASC/SIL was 1.42. The severe histological results in abnormal cytology were ASC-US (18.58%), ASC-H (53.76%), LSIL (16.62%), HSIL (82.07%), SCC/ACa (100.00%), AGC (63.77%). The total HPV-positive rate in abnormal cytology was 70.29%, of which ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, SCC/ACa, and AGC were 60.78%, 80.83%, 83.05%, 84.93%, 84.51%, 33.33%. The top three detected genotypes were HR HPV 16, 52, and 58. The most commonly detected genotype in HSIL and SCC/ACa was HPV 16. Of the 91 AGC patients, 34.78% were cervical lesions, and 42.03% were endometrial lesions. The HPV-positive rate in the group of AGC-FN was highest and lowest in the group of AGC-EM. CONCLUSION: The Bethesda System reporting rates of cervical cytology were all within the benchmark range of the CAP laboratory. HPV 16, 52, and 58 were the most common genotypes in our population, and HPV 16 infection has a higher degree of malignancy of cervical lesions. Among patients with ASC-US results, HPV positive patients had a higher rate of biopsy-detected CIN2+ than HPV negative patients.

Long Noncoding RNA AP000695.2 as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AP000695.2 (ENSG00000248538) expresses abnormally in various malignancies, what shows its role as oncogene. However, it has not been extensively studied in gastric cancer. The aim of the current study was to explore the clinical value of AP000695.2 to prognose gastric cancer. METHODS: The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and the gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) online tool were used to analyze AP000695.2 expression pattern, diagnostic and prognostic role in gastric cancer. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess survival in patients with gastric cancer. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to assess AP000695.2 diagnostic capacity. Nomograms were created to predict overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS: LncRNA AP000695.2 was abnormally upregulated in 19 types of malignancy, including gastric cancer. Survival analysis indicated that high expression of AP000695.2 was associated with poor survival of gastric cancer. Multivariate Cox regression analysis verified the independent prognostic value of AP000695.2 to predict OS (HR (hazard ratio): 1.104, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.035-1.178, p = 0.003) and PFS (HR: 1.170, 95% CI: 1.090-1.256, p < 0.001). ROC analysis indicated a favorable AP000695.2 diagnostic capacity (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.890). Nomograms were also constructed for OS and PFS based on AP000695.2 expression-related risk score. Additionally, AP000695.2 was found to be positively associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including classically activated (M1) macrophages, neutrophils, alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that AP000695.2 can be used as a novel biomarker to diagnose or predict survival of gastric patient.