Fossil Ginkgoales cuticle fine details data from East Inner Mongolia, Northeast China.

The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled "Cuticle ultrastructure of Baiera furcata from Northeast China and its implication in Taxonomy and Palaeoenvironment" (Guignard et al. 2019 [1]. The data correspond to a study of the ultrastructural fine cuticle details of fossil Baiera furcata (Ginkgoales) from the Lower Cretaceous Huolinhe Formation in Holingola of East Inner Mongolia, Northeast China. Two sets of data are provided here: 1/ thickness measurements of the layers of four types of cuticles, i.e. ordinary epidermal cells and stomatal apparatus, 2/ ten EDS element analysis of ordinary epidermal cell cuticle layers; the latter data also contain cuticle layers values of Sphenobaiera huangii from the Lower Jurassic Xiangxi Formation in Zigui of Hubei Province, Central China used for comparison in the research article; EDS cell remnant values of Baiera furcata are also included. Some of these data have been used efficiently for taxonomy and palaeoenvironment topics. As they are the first data for genera Baiera and Sphenobaiera of the Ginkgoales, they can serve in the future for considerations of taxonomical comparisons, palaeoreconstructions, palaeoenvironment and evolution.

[Singing formant analysis of KunQu actors in their mutation and grown-up].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the singing formant differences between successful opera actors and non-successful opera actors during their adolescence period, and to compare the same index between adolescence and adult period of successful actors. METHODS: From 1985 to 1986, the author had 21 adolescent actors' voice recorded, all of them were from Beijing KunQu opera troupe. In 2000, all the 21 subjects had their voice recorded and singing formant (Fs) analyzed by using computer and sound spectrograph, 7 of them had become adult actors, others quitted their actors career after adolescents period. RESULT: Successful actors have obvious Fs, and stronger acoustic energy; successful actors had weaker Fs value during adolescence period than during adult period (t = 2. 9600, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fs's presence and its acoustic energy were important to evaluate adolescent actors future locality potential.