An acute gastric volvulus in a child with congenital left diaphragmatic hernia: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Acute complete gastric volvulus is a rare and life-threatening disease, which is prone to gastric wall ischemia, perforation, and necrosis. If it is not treated by surgery in time, the mortality rate can range from 30 to 50%. Clinical presentations of acute gastric volvulus are atypical and often mimic other abdominal conditions such as gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux, gastric dilation, and pancreatitis. Imaging studies are crucial for diagnosis, with barium meal fluoroscopy being the primary modality for diagnosing gastric volvulus. Cases of acute gastric volvulus diagnosed by ultrasound are rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We reported a rare case of acute gastric volvulus in a 4-year-old Chinese girl who presented with vomiting and abdominal pain. Ultrasound examination revealed the "whirlpool sign" in the cardia region, raising suspicion of gastric volvulus. Diagnosis was confirmed by X-ray barium meal fluoroscopy, which indicated left-sided diaphragmatic hernia and obstruction at the cardia region. Surgical intervention confirmed our suspicion of acute complete gastric volvulus combined with diaphragmatic hernia. CONCLUSION: In this case, we reported an instance of acute complete gastric volvulus. Ultrasound revealed a "whirlpool sign" in the cardia, which is likely to be a key sign for the diagnosis of complete gastric volvulus.

Near-Infrared Trapping by Surface Plasmons in Randomized Platinum-Ceramic Metamaterial for Thermal Barrier Coatings.

As the operation temperature of next generation gas turbine is targeted to be 1800 °C toward a higher efficiency and lower carbon emission, the near-infrared (NIR) thermal radiation becomes a major concern for the durability of the metallic turbine blades. Although thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are applied to provide thermal insulations, they are translucent to the NIR radiation. It is a major challenge for TBCs to achieve optically thick with limited physical thickness (usually < 1 mm) for effectively shielding the NIR radiation damage. Here, an NIR metamaterial is reported, where a Gd2 Zr2 O7 ceramic matrix is randomly dispersed with microscale Pt (0.53 vol%) nanoparticles with a size of 100-500 nm. Attenuated by the Gd2 Zr2 O7 matrix, a broadband NIR extinction is achieved through the red-shifted plasmon resonance frequencies and higher-order multipole resonances of the Pt nanoparticles. A very high absorption coefficient of ≈3 × 104 m-1 , approaching the Rosseland diffusion limit for a typical coating thickness, minimizes the radiative thermal conductivity to ≈10-2  W m-1 K-1 and successfully shields the radiative heat transfer. This work suggests that constructing a conductor/ceramic metamaterial with tunable plasmonics could be a strategy to shield NIR thermal radiation for high temperature applications.

"Our City Will Be the First to Hold Both Summer and Winter Olympics": A comparative analysis of how media coverage and public opinion were framed on social media in the lead up to the Beijing 2022 winter Olympic games.

Introduction: Beijing is the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Mega sporting events such as the Olympic Games, which attract mass audiences, benefit greatly from social media. This article examines how the news coverage and public opinion about the Beijing 2022 were articulated on social media in the lead up to the Beijing 2022. Method: We employed computational content analysis to examine 9,439 individual posts and 450 official media posts that appeared before the Beijing 2022 Olympics. We also used ROSTCM6 to investigate the sentiment of official media and public opinion toward Beijing 2022. Results: The results of this study reveal that members of public are more inclined to highlight certain aspects of Beijing 2022 based on their individual perspectives. Official media, whose work generally aligns with the government's interests. Through a sentiment analysis of these posts, we found strongly positive attitudes concerning Beijing 2022 among the Chinese public and the media. Discussion: Our results provide ample evidence of an overall relative convergence of positions between public opinion and news coverage about the Beijing 2022, despite their divergences. This study indicates that social media presents itself as a space for broader public statements, and empowers ordinary people to discuss China's social issues of concern. Meanwhile, official media represents the government's position, strategically framing Beijing 2022 as a landmark event in the new era of China.

Ultra-dense dislocations stabilized in high entropy oxide ceramics.

Dislocations are commonly present and important in metals but their effects have not been fully recognized in oxide ceramics. The large strain energy raised by the rigid ionic/covalent bonding in oxide ceramics leads to dislocations with low density (∼106 mm-2), thermodynamic instability and spatial inhomogeneity. In this paper, we report ultrahigh density (∼109 mm-2) of edge dislocations that are uniformly distributed in oxide ceramics with large compositional complexity. We demonstrate the dislocations are progressively and thermodynamically stabilized with increasing complexity of the composition, in which the entropy gain can compensate the strain energy of dislocations. We also find cracks are deflected and bridged with ∼70% enhancement of fracture toughness in the pyrochlore ceramics with multiple valence cations, due to the interaction with enlarged strain field around the immobile dislocations. This research provides a controllable approach to establish ultra-dense dislocations in oxide ceramics, which may open up another dimension to tune their properties.

The Kinetics of Aging and Reducing Processes of Cr(VI) in Two Soils.

To investigate the aging process and reduction of Cr(VI) in two soils. The adsorption behavior of the soils demonstrated that the paddy soil had higher adsorption capacity for Cr(VI), but the capacity was lower for Cr(III), which contrasted the results for fluro-aquic soil. The mobilizable Cr was assessed using EDTA extraction. The results suggested that the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and the aging process occurred simultaneously. A simplified kinetic model was established and the rate constants of the reduction and aging processes were obtained. The aging process and reduction of Cr(VI) were faster in the paddy soil, due to a higher adsorption capacity and stronger reducing ability, as indicated by the organic matter and amorphous Fe oxides. The Cr(III) aging was faster in the fluro-aquic soil due to the low solubility of Cr(III) at a high pH. The modeling study provides a fundamental understanding of the dynamics of Cr mobility in a complicated soil system.