Two similar Schiff-base receptor based quinoline derivate: Highly selective fluorescent probe for Zn(II).

As is known, Zn2+ plays a vital role in a variety of biological processes but excessive exposure of Zn2+ to human beings can cause toxicity, inducing a series of overt poisoning symptoms and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, we designed and synthesized two quinoline-derived Schiff-bases HL1 and HL2, and investigated the fluorescence emission responses of these two Schiff-bases to various metal ions. A significant enhancement in fluorescence emission band centered at 450 nm was observed in the ethanolic solution of HL1 with addition of Zn2+, while remarkably lower fluorescence emission enhancement was obtained in the case of HL2 in which one methyl group was introduced to the azomethine carbon. In addition, HL1 showed good selectivity and high sensitivity towards Zn2+ in the existence of other various interfering metal ions, and the reversibility and regeneration of HL1 were also perfect for extending its applications in environmental and biological systems. Therefore, HL1 could be identified as a fluorescent probe for sensing Zn2+ environmentally and biologically.

Study on synthesis and fluorescence property of rhodamine-naphthalene conjugate.

In this study, a novel ligand (HL) consisting of 2-methyl quinoline-4-carboxylic acid, rhodamine and naphthalene moiety, was designed and synthesized, it could be developed a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for selective detection of Al3+ via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from naphthalimide moiety to rhodamine moiety. The addition of Al3+ trigger the significant fluorescence enhancement of HL at 550 nm at the expense of the fluorescent emission of HL centered at 524 nm.

A Schiff-base receptor based chromone derivate: Highly selective fluorescent and colorimetric probe for Al(III).

Upon excitation of the visible light, probes show colorimetric and fluorescent responses to the specific metal ion, which can be easily detected by the naked eye. Owing to the excitation of the visible light at 423 nm, a novel and simple Schiff-base receptor based chromone derivative called 7-methoxychromone-3-carbaldehyde-(indole-3-formyl) hydrazone (MCIH2) had been investigated as a selective and sensitive probe for Al3+ with colorimetric and fluorescent responses. Upon addition of Al3+ to compound MCIH2 solution, compound MCIH2 could respond to Al3+ with a good selective colorimetric signal, which was easily observed from colorless to yellow-green by the naked eye. Furthermore, a remarkable fluorescence emission enhancement with an "OFF-ON" signal by over 700-fold was triggered, but other various metal ions had no such significant effects on the fluorescence emission. In addition, the detection limit of compound MCIH2 for recognizing Al3+ was evaluated to be as low as 1 × 10-7 M level, which was sufficiently low for sensing Al3+ widely distributed in various environmental and biological systems.

A novel chromone and rhodamine derivative as fluorescent probe for the detection of Zn(II) and Al(III) based on two different mechanisms.

In this study, a novel fluorescent probe, 6­hydroxychromone­3­carbaldehyde­(rhodamine B carbonyl) hydrazine (L), for Zn2+ and Al3+ was designed and synthesized. Initially, this probe L exhibited inferior fluorescence emission peak centered at 488 nm in EtOH/HEPES solution (3/1, 10.0 µM HEPES, pH 7.4) when excited at 421 nm. After the addition of Zn2+, this probe L displayed excellent selectivity towards Zn2+ with obvious fluorescence color change from colorless to yellow, which might be attributed to the formation of a 1:1 ligand-metal complex resulting in the inhibition of photo-induced electron transfer phenomenon. Whereas, the prepared Zn2+ complex of L could be used as a ratiometric fluorescent probe to detect Al3+ on the basis of fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism. This ligand-metal complex of Zn2+ (LZn) showed high selectivity towards Al3+ with obvious enhancement in fluorescence emission intensity at 580 nm and remarkable decrease in fluorescence emission intensity at 488 nm, and the fluorescence color also changed from yellow to pink. Furthermore, the detection limit of the probe L, LZn towards Zn2+, Al3+ were 1.25 × 10-7 M and 3.179 × 10-6 M, respectively. Additionally, the complexation properties of L towards Zn2+ and LZn towards Al3+ were studied in detail.

A highly selective and sensitive fluorescent chemosensor and its application for rapid on-site detection of Al3.

In this paper, a simple naphthalene-based derivative (HL) has been designed and synthesized as a Al3+-selective fluorescent chemosensor based on the PET mechanism. HL exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity towards Al3+ over other commonly coexisting metal ions in ethanol with a detection limit of 2.72nM. The 1:1 binding stoichiometry of the complex (HL-Al3+) was determined from the Job's plot based on fluorescence titrations and the ESI-MS spectrum data. Moreover, the binding site of HL with Al3+ was assured by the 1H NMR titration experiment. The binding constant (Ka) of the complex (HL-Al3+) was calculated to be 5.06×104M-1 according to the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. In addition, the recognizing process of HL towards Al3+ was chemically reversible by adding Na2EDTA. Importantly, HL could directly and rapidly detect aluminum ion through the filter paper without resorting to additional instrumental analysis.

Development of a coumarin-furan conjugate as Zn2+ ratiometric fluorescent probe in ethanol-water system.

In this study, a novel coumarin-derived compound bearing the furan moiety called 7-diethylamino-3-formylcoumarin (2'-furan formyl) hydrazone (1) has been designed, synthesized and evaluated as a Zn2+ ratiometric fluorescent probe in ethanol-water system. This probe 1 showed good selectivity and high sensitivity towards Zn2+ over other metal ions investigated, and a decrease in fluorescence emission intensity at 511nm accompanied by an enhancement in fluorescence emission intensity at 520nm of this probe 1 was observed in the presence of Zn2+ in ethanol-water (V : V=9 : 1) solution, which provided ratiometric fluorescence detection of Zn2+. Additionally, the ratiometric fluorescence response of 1 to Zn2+ was nearly completed within 0.5min, which suggested that this probe 1 could be utilized for sensing and monitoring Zn2+ in environmental and biological systems for real-time detection.

A Novel Chromone Schiff-Base Fluorescent Chemosensor for Cd(II) Based on C=N Isomerization.

A new chromone Schiff-base fluorescent probe 7'-methoxychromone-3'-methylidene-1,2,4-triazole-3-imine (L) was designed and synthesized for selective recognition Cd(2+). With the fluorescence titration and the ESI-MS data, we reach the conclusion that the binding mode of the ligand-metal (L-Cd (2+) ) complex is 1:1. The sensor showed a strong fluorescence enhancement in ethanol system of Cd(2+) (excitation 409 nm and emission 462 nm) and the sensing mechanism based on the fact that C=N isomerization can be used to explain this phenomenon.

Two Schiff-base fluorescent sensors for selective sensing of aluminum (III): Experimental and computational studies.

Two Schiff-base fluorescent sensors have been synthesized, which both can act as fluorescent probes for Al(3+), upon addition of Al(3+), they exhibit a large fluorescence enhancement which might be attributed to the formation of 1:1 ligand-Al complexes which inhibit photoinduced electron transfer (PET) progress, and that the proposed binding modes of the sensors and Al(3+) are identified by theoretical calculations.

A Chromone-Derived Schiff-Base Ligand as Al(3+) "Turn on" Fluorescent Sensor: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties.

In this study, a novel chromone-derived Schiff-base ligand called 6-Hydroxy-3-formylchromone (2'-furan formyl) hydrazone (HCFH) has been designed and synthesized as a "turn on" fluorescent sensor for Al(3+). This sensor HCFH showed high selectivity and sensitivity towards Al(3+) over other metal ions investigated, and most metal ions had nearly no influences on the fluorescence response of HCFH to Al(3+). Additionally, the significant enhancement by about 171-fold in fluorescence emission intensity at 502 nm was observed in the presence of Al(3+) in ethanol, and it was due to the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect upon complexation of HCFH with Al(3+) which inhibited the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) phenomenon from the Schiff-base nitrogen atom to chromone group. Moreover, this sensor formed a 1 : 1 complex with Al(3+) and the fluorescence response of HCFH to Al(3+) was nearly completed within 1 min. Thus, this sensor HCFH could be used to detect and recognize Al(3+) for real-time detection.

Design of a novel coumarin-based multifunctional fluorescent probe for Zn²âº/Cu²âº/S²â» in aqueous solution.

A multifunctional fluorescent chemosensor 7-(diethylamino)-coumarin-3-carbaldehyde-(2'-methylquinoline-4'-formyl) hydrazone (HL) has been designed and synthesized. The sensor shows significant fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Zn(2+), which might be mainly due to the restricted -CN isomerization process. In contrast, the fluorescence of the sensor is quenched by Cu(2+) attributed to the inherent paramagnetic species. More interestingly, the 'in situ' prepared L-Cu exhibits a selective response to S(2-) based on reversible formation-separation of complex L-Cu and CuS.

A highly selective fluorescent probe for Al(3+) based on quinoline derivative.

A novel Schiff base fluorescent probe, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxypyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (2'-methylquinoline-4'-formyl) hydrazone (PMHCH), for selective detection of Al(3+) has been designed and synthesized. Upon addition of various metal ions, the receptor only shows 286-fold enhancement of fluorescence intensity which might be attributed to a 1:1 stoichiometry between PMHCH and Al(3+) and the photo-induced electron transfer progress in the present of Al(3+) at 505n m. More importantly, the detection limit of PMHCH for Al(3+) could reach at 10(-7) M level.

ß-Hydroxy-α-naphthaldehyde [2-(quinolin-8'-yloxy) acetyl] hydrazone as an efficient fluorescent chemosensor for Mg2+.

An efficient fluorescent sensor based on ß-hydroxy-α-naphthaldehyde [2-(quinolin-8'-yloxy) acetyl] hydrazone (HL) for Mg2+ has been designed and synthesized. The receptor showed "off-on" fluorescent responses toward Mg2+ in acetonitrile. The reasons for this phenomenon is that the addition of Mg2+ to the solution of HL induce the formation of a 1:1 ligand-metal complex which inhibit excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT).

Fluorescent sensor for selective detection of Al(3+) based on quinoline-coumarin conjugate.

A fluorescence probe, 8-formyl-7-hydroxyl-4-methyl coumarin - (2'-methylquinoline-4-formyl) hydrazone (L) has been synthesized. The chemosensor is found preferential binding to Al(3+) in presence of other competitive ions with associated changes in its optical and fluorescence spectra behavior. Upon addition of Al(3+) to a solution of L, it shows 200-fold enhancement of fluorescence intensity which might be attributed to form a 2:1 stoichiometry of the binding mode of LAl(III) and the chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) process at 479nm in ethanol. The lowest detection limit for Al(3+) is determined as 8.2×10(-7)M.

A highly selective chemosensor for Al3+ based on 2-oxo-quinoline-3-carbaldehyde Schiff-base.

A new Schiff-base ligand (1) with good fluorescence response to Al(3+), derived from 2-oxo-quinoline-3-carbaldehyde and nicotinic hydrazide, had been synthesized and investigated in this paper. Spectroscopic investigation revealed that the compound 1 exhibited a high selectivity and sensitivity toward Al(III) ions over other commonly coexisting metal ions in ethanol, and the detection limit of Al(3+) ions is at the parts per billion level. The mass spectra and Job's plot confirmed the 1:1 stoichiometry between 1 and Al(3+). Potential utilization of 1 as intracellular sensors of Al(3+) ions in human cancer (HeLa) cells was also examined by confocal fluorescence microscopy.

A new cyclic supramolecular Zn(II) complex derived from a N2O2 oxime chelate ligand with luminescence mechanochromism.

A new Zn(II) complex was synthesized based on a new Salen-type tetradentate N2O2 bisoxime chelate ligand (H2L) derived from 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (PMBP) and 1,2-bis(aminooxy)ethane. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the structure of the Zn(II) complex features a three-dimensional (3D) cyclic supramolecular system via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the solid-state photoluminescent properties demonstrate that the Zn(II) complex exhibits unusual luminescence mechanochromism tuned by CH3OH.

A colorimetric and turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for Al(III) based on a chromone Schiff-base.

A simple Schiff-base receptor 7-methoxychromone-3-carbaldehyde-(pyridylformyl) hydrazone (MCNH) was prepared. It exhibits an "off-on-type" mode with high sensitivity in the presence of Al(3+). This compound could be used as Al(3+) probe in ethanol and it features visible light excitation (433 nm) and emission (503 nm) profiles. Upon binding of Al(3+), a significant fluorescence enhancement with a turn-on ratio over 800-fold was triggered. However, other metal ions had no such significant effect on the fluorescence. MCNH can also be used as a colorimetric chemosensor for Al(3+), which is easily observed from colorless to yellow-green by the naked-eye. The detection limit of MCNH for Al(3+) was as low as 1.9×10(-7) M.

A highly selective turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for zinc ion in aqueous media.

In the paper, a novel rhodamine6G based fluorescent chemosensor bearing 3-carbaldehyde chromone was designed and synthesized. According to the fluorescence behavior toward several metal ions, it showed highly selectivity and sensitivity to Zn(II) over other commonly coexistent metal ions (Cu(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Mg(II), K(I), Pb(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III)) in aqueous environment (pH = 7.4). Meanwhile the binding constant between Zn(II) and chemosensor achieved 6.21 × 10(11) M(-1) in aqueous media. Moreover, according to the Job plot, 1:1 stoichiometry between Zn(II) and sensor was deduced in aqueous media (pH = 7.4). The good selectivity and sensitivity in aqueous media effectively enhanced the application value of the fluorescent chemosensor for Zn(II).

Dense layers of vertically oriented WO3 crystals as anodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

Films of crystalline WO(3) nanosheets oriented perpendicular to tungsten substrates were grown by a surfactant-free hydrothermal method, followed by sintering. The films exhibit photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution at low overpotential.

An effective Cu(II) quenching fluorescence sensor in aqueous solution and 1D chain coordination polymer framework.

In the article, a novel fluorescent probe for the copper cation based on fluorescence quenching mechanism was designed. It exhibited high selectivity for Cu(II) over other common metal ions in aqueous media. Furthermore the coordination between Cu(II) and the organic molecule sensor fabricated an interesting 1D chain coordination polymer framework.

Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding properties and antioxidant activity of Ln(III) complexes with Schiff base ligand derived from 3-carbaldehyde chromone and aminophenazone.

A novel Schiff base ligand, chromone-3-carbaldehyde-aminophenazone (L) and its Ln(III) (Ln = La, Yb) complexes were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. The interaction between the ligand, Ln(III) complexes and calf thymus DNA in physiological buffer (pH=7.10) was investigated by using UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectra, ethidium bromide experiments and viscosity measurements, indicating that the studied compounds can all bind to DNA via an intercalation binding mode and the complexes have stronger binding affinity than the free ligand alone. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of the ligand and its complexes was determined by superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging methods in vitro, suggesting that Ln(III) complexes inhibit stronger antioxidant activity than the ligand alone and some standard antioxidants, such as mannitol and vitamin C.