Evaluation of the quality, reliability and content of YouTube™ videos related to the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.

OBJECTIVE: The production, use, and sharing of information in health-related fields are increasing at an exponential rate in this age. Because they are so common today, social media platforms have a big impact on people's opinions, habits, and decisions. With this study, we aimed at testing the content, reliability, and quality of the videos about CCHF disease published on YouTube™ for patients and healthcare professionals, which people use for obtaining information. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of this study were obtained by searching on YouTube™ on January 1, 2022, using the keywords "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever". Google Trends was used to identify the most common search terms for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Video reliability was evaluated by using the DISCERN tool and Global Quality Scale (GQS) was performed to evaluate video quality. RESULTS: After the exclusion criteria, 75 videos were reviewed. Videos for healthcare professionals were more sufficient than videos for patients (p=0.004). DISCERN and GQS scores were higher in sufficient videos than in partially sufficient/insufficient videos (p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: As YouTube is an important source of health information about CCHF, there is a need to increase the number of high-quality and reliable content for patients on YouTube™.

Pedicled Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer Treats Lymphedema in Rat Hind Limb: A Simple Experimental Study Design.

Vascularized lymph node transfer is a new and promising technique for the physiologic treatment of lymphedema and several clinical and experimental studies have been conducted in recent years. However, the exact mechanism of vascularized lymph node transfer is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate treatment efficacy through the design of a simple and feasible experimental lymphedema model for testing a vascularized lymph node transfer technique. After a pilot study, 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and lymphedema was induced in the hindlimb of both groups. In Group 1 (control, n=15) no treatment was applied while pedicled lymph node transfer was applied in Group 2 (experimental, n=15). Model dynamics were assessed with lymphoscintigraphy, limb measurement, and histological analysis. A statistically significant limb circumference reduction at the ankle was seen on days 30 and 90 in Group 2 as compared to Group 1, p<0.05, and lymphatic tracer transport improved in 13 out of the 15 animals in Group 2. A statistically significant reduction in histological scores was achieved in Group 2, p<0.05. In this rat hindlimb lymphedema model, our vascularized lymph node transfer technique is an effective physiologic surgical treatment and represents a feasible experimental model for future studies.

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: a diagnostic challenge.

We report a case of alveolar echinococcosis involving the liver in a 61-year-old male. Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare chronic and progressive disease, which can involve mostly liver and in rare cases lung and brain. It is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. In this report we describe the imaging findings of hepatic involvement of alveolar echinococcosis by ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography in the assessment of severity of acute pulmonary embolism and right ventricular dysfunction.

BACKGROUND: The distinction between severe pulmonary embolism (PE) and right heart dysfunction is important for predicting patient mortality. PURPOSE: To identify the role of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the assessment of the severity of acute PE and right ventricular dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-five patients suspected of having PE, as diagnosed by CTPA and scintigraphy, were divided into three groups: hemodynamically unstable PE (HUPE) (n = 20), hemodynamically stable PE (HSPE) (n = 33), and no PE (n = 32). For each patient, obstruction scores, including short-axis diameters of the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV), main pulmonary artery, and superior vena cava (SVC), were measured. The RV/LV short-axis ratios were calculated. The shapes of the interventricular septum and the reflux of the contrast medium into the inferior vena cava (IVC) were evaluated. The mortality due to PE within a 1-month follow-up period was recorded. RESULTS: The median CTPA obstruction score (HUPE 64%, HSPE 28%, P < 0.001), median RV/LV short-axis ratio (HUPE 1.4, HSPE 1.0, P < 0.01), median RV diameter (HUPE 55 mm, HSPE 42 mm, P < 0.001), median SVC diameter (HUPE 23 mm, HSPE 19 mm, P < 0.01), interventricular septum convex toward the LV (HUPE 70%, HSPE 18%, P < 0.001), and reflux of the contrast medium into the IVC (HUPE 65%, HSPE 33%, p < 0.05) were significantly different between the HUPE and HSPE groups. With ROC analysis, the CTPA obstruction score and RV/LV short-axis ratio threshold values for the HUPE patients were calculated to be 48% (95% sensitivity, 76% specificity) and 1.1 (85% sensitivity, 76% specificity), respectively. Three patients in the HUPE group died within the first 24 hours. Logistic regression methods revealed only the RV diameter as a significant predictor of death (odds ratio 1.24; 95% CI 1.04-1.48; P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study found that the parameters useful for distinguishing HUPE and HSPE included CTPA obstruction score, RV and SVC diameters, RV/LV short-axis ratio, interventricular septum shape, and reflux into the IVC. RV dilatation may be a significant predictor for mortality.

Acute complete splenic infarction in a patient with Hirschsprung's disease and literature review of complete splenic infarction.

Here we report a case of Hirschsprung's disease presenting with acute complete splenic infarction due to thrombus in the splenic vena. MTHFR C677T (methylenetetrahydrofolate) gene homozygote mutation was a risk factor for thrombosis. According to our knowledge, this is the first report for a Hirschsprung's disease patient with acute complete splenic infarct due to isolated splenic vein thrombosis accompanied by MTHFR C677T gene homozygote mutation.

Evaluation of lymphatic drainage of cold thyroid nodules with intratumoral injection of Tc-99m nanocolloid.

PURPOSE: The lymphatic system may show variations throughout the entire body. Knowledge of the variations and aberrant lymph drainage are important when planning surgical treatment and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intratumoral injection technique in the detection of lymphatic drainage of proved or possibly malignant cold thyroid nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 13 patients with palpable solitary cold thyroid nodules. None of the patients had cystic nodules on ultrasound examination. After fine-needle aspiration biopsy (at least 3 days later), 15 MBq (0.4 mCi) Tc-99m nanocolloid particles in a small volume (0.2 ml) were injected into the nodule. Dynamic images (60 frame x 1 minute) were acquired during the first hour, followed by static anterior and lateral images at 90 and 120 minutes. RESULTS: Radiopharmaceutical was present in the systemic circulation in two patients, possibly as a result of paratumoral injection. Eleven patients had intratumoral accumulation in early frames. Lymph nodes draining the thyroid nodule were visualized in 10 of 11 patients. In the dynamic acquisition period of 7 of 10 patients, the first draining lymph node could also be identified. Only 5 of 13 patients had malignant nodules. Lymphatic metastases were detected in one patient's specimens. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative visualization of lymphatic pathways may be used when planning for thyroid cancer surgery. Sentinel node detection could yield valuable additional information in these patients.

Pentavalent technetium-99m DMSA uptake in pseudofractures of osteomalacia.

Tc-99m MDP and Tc-99m (V) DMSA images are described from a 49-year-old woman with chronic renal insufficiency complicated by osteomalacia. Clinical, biochemical, and radiologic bone profiles were compatible with osteomalacia. Osteomalacia is a condition associated with disorders in which mineralization of the organic matrix is defective. All bone lesions visualized with Tc-99m MDP also showed increased uptake of Tc-99m (V) DMSA. Tc-99m (V) DMSA accumulation has been reported in many malignant and some benign conditions. Pseudofractures in osteomalacia could be included in the spectrum of benign lesions that accumulate Tc-99m (V) DMSA.

Evaluation of metastatic bone disease with pentavalent 99Tc(m)-dimercaptosuccinic acid: a comparison with whole-body scanning and 4/24 hour quantitation of vertebral lesions.

The aim of this study was to establish the value of 99Tcm(V)-DMSA scintigraphy in the detection of metastatic bone lesions and compare the results to 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy. Thirty-four patients presenting with metastatic bone disease (Group 1) and 12 controls with degenerative skeletal lesions (Group 2) were studied. Conventional bone scanning and 99Tcm(V)-DMSA whole-body scanning were performed on all patients. All scans were interpreted visually. Furthermore, lesion-to-normal bone ratios (L/N) in vertebral metastases on the 4 and 24 h bone scans were obtained in 58 lesions of cancer patients and in 23 benign (degenerative) vertebral lesions of the control group. 99Tcm-MDP L/N ratios at 24 h (3.08 +/- 0.32) were significantly higher than those at 4 h (2.48 +/- 0.24) in the malignant foci (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in benign lesions (P > 0.05). In 167 (164 metastatic, 3 traumatic) of 186 99Tcm-MDP positive lesions (90%) of Group 1, 99Tcm(V)-DMSA uptake was observed. The remaining 19 lesions (10%) were 99Tcm(V)-DMSA negative. Fourteen of these 19 sites were diagnosed as benign. The remaining five foci were malignant. In four lung cancer metastases showing no 99Tcm-MDP uptake, 99Tcm(V)-DMSA uptake was observed. There was no 99Tcm(V)-DMSA accumulation in any of the 99Tcm-MDP positive degenerative lesions of Group 2. All quantitatively evaluated (n = 42) vertebral metastatic foci and two compression fractures in Group 1 showed 99Tcm(V)-DMSA accumulation and an increased 99Tcm-MDP L/N ratio at 24 h. A total of 36 degenerative lesions (Groups 1 and 2) and one compression fracture (Group 1) showed neither 99Tcm(V)-DMSA uptake nor an increased 99Tcm-MDP L/N ratio at 24 h. Our results indicate that quantitative 4/24 h analysis of vertebral lesions on 99Tcm-MDP scans has a similar diagnostic value to 99Tcm(V)-DMSA imaging in the detection of bone metastases. However, the accumulation of 99Tcm(V)-DMSA in four lung cancer metastases showing no 99Tcm-MDP uptake is encouraging and justifies further research in patients with proven bone metastases and negative bone scans.