SERS-based vibration model and trace detection of drug molecules: Theoretical and experimental aspects.

Prescription drug abuse can lead to serious medical negligence, so there is an urgent need to address its screening problem. Gliclazide is widely used as an antihypertensive drug for lowering blood sugar, but its excessive intake can cause serious harm to human body. Here we take gliclazide as an example to provide a method to realize the screening of drug abuse. Flower-like silver nanoparticles were prepared as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, which can quantitatively and accurately detect the concentration of gliclazide. To understanding the enhanced activity of flower-like silver substrates, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation model was established, and the simulation results showed that flower-like silver had high SERS substrate activity as well as enhanced hot spots at the rough particle surface and the adjacent particles. The experimental results indicated that the flower-shaped silver had an excellent Raman enhancement effect using R6G as detection molecules. When the gliclazide solutions with different concentration gradients were tested, the molecular vibrational modes were also obtained using Gaussian calculations. The rapid and accurate detection of gliclazide concentration was processed by Principal Component Analysis, which were consistent with the experiment, suggesting the importance of the combination of experiment and calculation. Finally, SERS substrate test was performed on the daily medication gliclazide tablets (II), which proved that the flower-like silver still has great Raman enhancement effect on the detection of actual samples.

Roles of soluble species in the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction on a nickel anode.

The roles of soluble Fe and Ni species in the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at a Ni anode are reported. The Fe impurities in the electrolyte turn out to be insufficient to directly improve the OER activity. The Ni(OH)2/NiOOH film undergoes chemical dissolution to give a stable Ni(ii) species that plays a hindering role in the OER.

[Effectiveness of integrated schistosomiasis control strategy in marshlands of Qixia District, Nanjing City].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of integrated schistosomiasis control strategy in marshlands of Qixia District from 2004 to 2013. METHODS: The endemic situation and integrated control data of schistosomiasis in Qixia District from 2004 to 2013 were collected, and the morbidity and Oncomelania hupensis snail status before and after the implementa- tion of integrated schistosomiasis control strategy were compared. RESULTS: Following 10-year integrated schistosomiasis control, the human schistosome infection rate gradually decreased in Qixia District, and no infection was detected since 2007. A gradual reduction was observed in the infection rate of domestic animals, and all bovine was eliminated from the regions along the Yangtze River since 2006. In addition, the snail area and the density of living snails in 2013 reduced by 42.25% and 82.56% as compared to those in 2004, and no infected snails were found since 2009. In 2010, the district achieved schistoso- miasis transmission control. CONCLUSION: The integrated schistosomiasis control strategy is effective to accelerate schistoso- miasis control process and achieve the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission control rapidly.