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OBJECTIVE: Parkinson's disease (PD) as a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a reduction in both the quantity and functionality of dopaminergic neurons. This succinctly highlights the central pathological feature of PD and its association with dopaminergic neuron degeneration, which underlies the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease. This study aims to elucidate the nuances of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in different cerebral regions by after the bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery of PD, as well as to investigate their potential interactions with the motor and neuropsychiatric spectrum. METHODS: Patients who underwent STN-DBS surgery for PD between 2017 and 2019 were included in this study. The results of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III scores, Beck and Hamilton depression tests were recorded before and at the 3rd month of postoperative stimulation. The data obtained were evaluated with the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Result of the statistical tests were within the 95â¯% confidence interval and p values were significant below 0.05. RESULTS: Our study was conducted with a total of 13 patients, 8 men and 5 women. As a result of measurements made in a total of 32 different regions, especially in the motor and neuropsychiatric areas of the brain, an increase in ADC values was found in all areas. ADC changes of eight localizations such as left corpus callosum, right corona radiata, left corona radiata, hippocampus, right insula, left superior cerebellar peduncle, left caudate nucleus and left putamen were statistically significant. UPDRS III scores improved by 57â¯% (p <0.05), and Beck and Hamilton depression scores by 25â¯% and 33â¯%, respectively (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This article implicate that bilateral STN-DBS surgery potentially exerts beneficial effects on both motor and neuropsychiatric symptomatology in individuals with PD. We believe that this therapeutic mechanism is hypothesized to involve modulation of diffusion alterations within distinct cerebral tissues.
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Estimulação Encefálica Profunda , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Doença de Parkinson , Núcleo Subtalâmico , Humanos , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Núcleo Subtalâmico/cirurgia , Núcleo Subtalâmico/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Parkinson/terapia , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , AdultoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Preoperative embolization of paragangliomas decreases tumor volume and reduces intraoperative blood loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the rate of devascularization achieved by preoperative embolization of carotid body tumors on surgical outcomes. METHODS: Patients with carotid body tumors who underwent preoperative transarterial embolization between 2013 and 2024 were included in this retrospective study. The Shamblin classification of all patients was carried out using radiological imaging. Devascularization rates obtained after the embolization of carotid body tumors were determined from angiographic images. Patients were divided into two groups: near-complete embolization (devascularization rate >90%) and incomplete embolization (devascularization rate <90%). Hemoglobin loss was calculated with blood tests before and immediately after surgery. Tumor volume loss was calculated by preoperative radiological tumor volume and postoperative surgical specimen volume. Hemoglobin loss, tumor volume loss, and postoperative complication rates of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients with carotid body tumors who underwent surgery were included in the study. Near-complete embolization was achieved in 21 patients (67.74%), while incomplete embolization was achieved in 10 patients (32.25%). Shamblin classification was statistically similar (p>0.05) between the two groups. The vascular complication rate in the near-complete embolization group was significantly lower than in the incomplete embolization group (p=0.027). However, no significant difference was observed in neurological complication rates, hemoglobin loss, and tumor volume loss parameters between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The preoperative devascularization rate should be at least 90% to minimize the risk of vascular complications.
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Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Tumor do Corpo Carotídeo , Embolização Terapêutica , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Humanos , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Tumor do Corpo Carotídeo/cirurgia , Tumor do Corpo Carotídeo/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Carga Tumoral , Idoso , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controleRESUMO
It may be difficult to distinguish between enchondroma and low-grade malignant cartilage tumors (grade 1) radiologically. This study aimed to construct machine learning models using 3D computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics analysis to differentiate low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. A total of 30 patients with enchondroma and 26 with chondrosarcoma were included in this retrospective study. Tumor volume segmentation was manually performed by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists. In total, 107 radiomic features were obtained for each patient. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess interobserver reliability and estimate the absolute agreement between the 2 radiologists. Algorithm-based information gain was used as a feature reduction method, and the 5 most important features were detected. For classification, 7 machine learning models were utilized. Classification was carried out using either all features or 5 features. There was good to excellent agreement between the 2 radiologists for the 107 features of each patient. Therefore, a dataset containing 107 features was used for machine learning classification. When assessed based on area under curve (AUC) values, classification using all features revealed that naive Bayes was the best model (AUCâ =â 0.950), while classification using 5 features revealed that random forest was the best model for differentiating chondrosarcoma from enchondroma (AUCâ =â 0.967). In conclusion, machine learning models using CT-based radiomics analysis can be used to differentiate between low-grade chondrosarcoma and enchondroma.
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Neoplasias Ósseas , Condroma , Condrossarcoma , Aprendizado de Máquina , Radiômica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Condroma/diagnóstico por imagem , Condroma/patologia , Condrossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Condrossarcoma/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Gradação de Tumores , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
We aimed to examine the hippocampus and amygdala volumes in patients with schizoaffective disorder with the notion that schizoaffective disorder has strong resemblance of clinical presentation with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and that there have been studies on regions of interest volumes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder but not in patients with schizoaffective disorder. Eighteen patients with schizoaffective disorder and nineteen healthy controls were included into the study. Hippocampus and amygdala volumes were examined by using the MRI. Both hippocampus and amygdala volumes were statistically significantly reduced in patients with schizoaffective disorder compared to those of the healthy control comparisons (p<0.001 for the hippocampus and p<0.001 for the amygdala). In summary, our findings of the present study suggest that patients with schizoaffective disorder seem to have smaller volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala regions and that our results were in accordance with those obtained both in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, considering that schizoaffective disorder might have neuroanatomic similarities with both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Beacuse of some limitations aforementioned especially age, it is required to replicate our present results in this patient group.
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Tonsila do Cerebelo , Hipocampo , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Transtornos Psicóticos , Humanos , Tonsila do Cerebelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Tonsila do Cerebelo/patologia , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/patologia , Masculino , Hipocampo/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipocampo/patologia , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The pituitary gland plays an important role in the stress response mechanism. Given the direct link between adjustment disorder and stress, we hypothesized that there might be changes in the pituitary gland in these patients. The study comprised a patient group of 19 individuals with adjustment disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition, and 18 healthy controls. The mean pituitary gland volumes of the patient group were not statistically significantly different from those of the healthy control group (80.81 ± 1.82 mm3 in patients with adjustment disorder vs. 81.10 ± 7.04 mm3 in healthy controls, with a statistically nonsignificant difference of P > 0.05). This finding is contrary to our previous findings in anxiety-related disorders. In this regard, adjustment disorder is not similar to anxiety-related disorders in terms of pituitary gland volumes. We should also clearly state that our study is a pioneering study and that studies with large samples are needed to support our findings. The limitations of our study can be attributed to the small sample size, the utilization of a cross-sectional design, and the inclusion of patients using psychotropic drugs.
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Transtornos de Adaptação , Hipófise , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Hipófise/diagnóstico por imagem , Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais , Nível de SaúdeRESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Preoperative embolization of paragangliomas decreases tumor volume and reduces intraoperative blood loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the rate of devascularization achieved by preoperative embolization of carotid body tumors on surgical outcomes. METHODS: Patients with carotid body tumors who underwent preoperative transarterial embolization between 2013 and 2024 were included in this retrospective study. The Shamblin classification of all patients was carried out using radiological imaging. Devascularization rates obtained after the embolization of carotid body tumors were determined from angiographic images. Patients were divided into two groups: near-complete embolization (devascularization rate >90%) and incomplete embolization (devascularization rate <90%). Hemoglobin loss was calculated with blood tests before and immediately after surgery. Tumor volume loss was calculated by preoperative radiological tumor volume and postoperative surgical specimen volume. Hemoglobin loss, tumor volume loss, and postoperative complication rates of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients with carotid body tumors who underwent surgery were included in the study. Near-complete embolization was achieved in 21 patients (67.74%), while incomplete embolization was achieved in 10 patients (32.25%). Shamblin classification was statistically similar (p>0.05) between the two groups. The vascular complication rate in the near-complete embolization group was significantly lower than in the incomplete embolization group (p=0.027). However, no significant difference was observed in neurological complication rates, hemoglobin loss, and tumor volume loss parameters between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The preoperative devascularization rate should be at least 90% to minimize the risk of vascular complications.
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BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to compare the success rates of computed tomography image-based artificial intelligence models and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of preoperative cholesteatoma. METHODS: The files of 75 patients who underwent tympanomastoid surgery with the diagnosis of chronic otitis media between January 2010 and January 2021 in our clinic were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were classified into the chronic otitis group without cholesteatoma (n=34) and the chronic otitis group with cholesteatoma (n=41) according to the presence of cholesteatoma at surgery. A dataset was created from the preoperative computed tomography images of the patients. In this dataset, the success rates of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma were determined by using the most frequently used artificial intelligence models in the literature. In addition, preoperative MRI were evaluated and the success rates were compared. RESULTS: Among the artificial intelligence architectures used in the paper, the lowest result was obtained in MobileNetV2 with an accuracy of 83.30%, while the highest result was obtained in DenseNet201 with an accuracy of 90.99%. In our paper, the specificity of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma was 88.23% and the sensitivity was 87.80%. CONCLUSION: In this study, we showed that artificial intelligence can be used with similar reliability to magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma. This is the first study that, to our knowledge, compares magnetic resonance imaging with artificial intelligence models for the purpose of identifying preoperative cholesteatomas.
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Colesteatoma da Orelha Média , Otite Média , Humanos , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inteligência Artificial , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Otite Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Otite Média/cirurgiaRESUMO
Cysticercosis is a parasitic tissue infection caused by larval cysts of Taenia solium. Although the disease affects many tissues, it primarily affects the brain and muscles. The most common form is neurocysticercosis, a term used for human central nervous system involvement with T.solium cysts. Neurocysticercosis is an important public health problem in many parts of the world. Its prevalence is particularly high in places where T.solium tapeworms are common, such as Mexico, Central America, South America, Southeast Asia, Africa, China, India, and Nepal. Its incidence has been increasing rapidly in recent years in non-endemic countries, due to both import and local cases, while in some highly endemic areas, numbers appear to have decreased, possibly due to better sanitation and increased public awareness. It is extremely rare in Türkiye. Cysticercosis is usually caused by drinking water or eating food containing tapeworm eggs. Clinical manifestations can range from completely asymptomatic infection to severe illness or death. Although the infection can involve any part of the central nervous system, symptomatic patients mostly have spinal cord involvement, intracerebral lesion, intraventricular cyst or subarachnoid lesion. An intraparenchymal cerebral cyst typically grows slowly and causes minimal symptoms for years or decades after the onset of infection. The site of involvement and the symptoms experienced determine the diagnosis and treatment method. The current general consensus supports antihelmintic and corticosteroid therapy for viable parenchymal lesions. In this report, a neurocysticercosis case with a single brain lesion that was surgically removed and histologically examined was presented. The patient had complaints of lisp in the tongue, numbness in the lips and left face. The patient had no concomitant chronic disease. The patient did not have a travel history or a history of eating pork but had a history of contact with a dead pig two months ago. Upon detection of a central mass in the brain computed tomography examination, surgical procedure was performed on the patient. Based on the identification of a larval stage of T.solium in biopsy material neurocysticercosis was diagnosed. However, histopathologically demonstration of the parasite is not possible in most cases. The patient received an antiparasitic treatment with albendazole 1000 mg/d in combination with dexamethasone. The patient was successfully treated and is still being followed up by calling for controls.
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Cisticercose , Cistos , Neurocisticercose , Humanos , Animais , Suínos , Neurocisticercose/diagnóstico , Neurocisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Albendazol , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Cholesteatoma is an aggressive form of chronic otitis media (COM). For this reason, it is important to distinguish between COM with and without cholesteatoma. In this study, the role of artificial intelligence modelling in differentiating COM with and without cholesteatoma on computed tomography images was evaluated. METHODS: The files of 200 patients who underwent mastoidectomy and/or tympanoplasty for COM in our clinic between January 2016 and January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. According to the presence of cholesteatoma, the patients were divided into two groups as chronic otitis with cholesteatoma (n = 100) and chronic otitis without cholesteatoma (n = 100). The control group (n = 100) consisted of patients who did not have any previous ear disease and did not have any active complaints about the ear. Temporal bone computed tomography (CT) images of all patients were analyzed. The distinction between cholesteatoma and COM was evaluated by using 80% of the CT images obtained for the training of artificial intelligence modelling and the remaining 20% for testing purposes. RESULTS: The accuracy rate obtained in the hybrid model we used in our study was 95.4%. The proposed model correctly predicted 2952 out of 3093 CT images, while it predicted 141 incorrectly. It correctly predicted 936 (93.78%) of 998 images in the COM group with cholesteatoma, 835 (92.77%) of 900 images in the COM group without cholesteatoma, and 1181 (98.82%) of 1195 images in the normal group. CONCLUSION: In our study, it has been shown that the differentiation of COM with and without cholesteatoma with artificial intelligence modelling can be made with highly accurate diagnosis rates by using CT images. With the deep learning modelling we proposed, the highest correct diagnosis rate in the literature was obtained. According to the results of our study, we think that with the use of artificial intelligence in practice, the diagnosis of cholesteatoma can be made earlier, it will help in the selection of the most appropriate treatment approach, and the complications can be reduced.
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Colesteatoma da Orelha Média , Colesteatoma , Otite Média , Inteligência Artificial , Colesteatoma/complicações , Colesteatoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Colesteatoma/cirurgia , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/complicações , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/cirurgia , Doença Crônica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Otite Média/complicações , Otite Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Otite Média/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
We aimed to investigate insula volumes in patients with schizoaffective disorder with the motivation that schizoaffective disorder has strong resemblance of clinical presentaion with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and that there have been studies on insula volumes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder but not in patients with schizoaffective disorder.
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Transtorno Bipolar , Transtornos Psicóticos , Esquizofrenia , HumanosRESUMO
Objective: To determine if superior temporal gyrus volumes are altered in patients with a social anxiety disorder.Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to determine the superior temporal gyrus volume in 21 patients with a social anxiety disorder and 20 control subjects without a social anxiety disorder. The superior temporal gyrus volumes were measured by manual tracing method. The study was conducted between September 2019 and April 2020.Results: The mean superior temporal gyrus volume for both sides was statistically significantly smaller than that of control subjects (left side: 11.38 ± 0.85 cm3 for patients and 12.73 ± 0.86 cm3 for controls, t=-5.064, P < .001; right side: 11.42 ± 0.84 mm3 for patients and 12.92 ± 0.85 cm3 for controls, t=-5.574, P < .001). Moreover, when comparing volumetric measurements for subregions, we detected that volumes of all subregions were also statistically significantly smaller than those of healthy comparisons (for both sides of the Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale).Conclusions: The study findings suggest that patients with social anxiety disorder seem to have smaller superior temporal gyrus volumes compared to healthy control subjects, although we do not know whether these results were in accordance with functional changes of the same region.
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Córtex Auditivo , Fobia Social , Esquizofrenia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Fobia Social/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Temporal/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Previously, we found a lower NAA (N-acetyl aspartate)/CRE (creatine) ratio in conversion disorder patients, when compared to healthy controls. In this context, the present study was designed to determine the changes in hippocampal NAA, CHO (choline), and CRE values in conversion disorder female patients, which has similar symptom basement and hypothesize that the patients with conversion disorder would have also changed neurochemicals in their hippocampal regions. METHOD: Twenty female patients and healthy controls were included in the study. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) method was used to determine the NAA/CHO, NAA/CRE, and CHO/CRE ratios. RESULTS: The data were analyzed via age-controlled General Linear Model and it was found that the ratio of NAA/CHO was significantly lower in conversion disorder female patients when compared to healthy controls. However, NAA/CRE or CHO/CRE ratios were similar for conversion disorder patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that conversion disorder female patients might have reduced NAA/CHO ratio which implicates reduced neuronal viability, possibly related to anxiety and indirectly to somatoform symptoms.
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Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to examine and compare the corpus callosum (CC) via histogram analysis (HA) on T1-weighted MR images of patients diagnosed with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) and healthy controls. Materials and methods: The study group included 19 female patients diagnosed with FND, and the control group included 20 healthy subjects. All participants were scanned with a 1.5 T MR scanner. A high-resolution structural image of the entire brain was obtained with sagittal 3D spiral fast spin echo T1-weighted images. Gray level intensity, standard deviation of the histogram, entropy, uniformity, skewness, and kurtosis values were determined with texture analysis. A student's t-test was used to compare the group data. P < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: It was determined that the mean gray level intensity, standard deviation of the histogram, entropy calculated by the maximum, median and variance and size M percentage values were higher in patients with FND. Kurtosis and size U percentages values were lower in patients with FND. Conclusion: In the present study, analysis of CC with T1-weighted MR image HA demonstrated significant differences between FND patients and healthy controls. The study findings indicated that HA is a beneficial technique for demonstrating textural variations between the CCs of patients with FND and healthy controls using MR images.
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Corpo Caloso , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Transtornos Somatoformes , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Corpo Caloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Somatoformes/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed at examining the volumes of the insula in more pure patients with a social anxiety disorder. METHODS: We examined twenty-one patients with social anxiety disorder according to DSM-IV and twenty healthy controls. All patients and controls were applied to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Insula volumes were measured by using the manual tracing method in accordance with the standard anatomical atlases and related previous studies on insula volumes. RESULTS: We found that the mean posterior and anterior insula volumes for both sides of patients were statistically significantly reduced compared to those of healthy control subjects. CONCLUSION: Consequently, in the present study, we found that patients with a social anxiety disorder had reduced insula volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects. However, to get strong this finding, novel studies with a larger sample size are required.
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Córtex Cerebral/patologia , Fobia Social/patologia , Adulto , Córtex Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Fobia Social/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
In the present paper, we aimed to investigate hippocampus and amygdala volumes in a group of patients with antisocial personality disorder and hypothesized that hippocampus and amygdala volume alterations would be observed. It was measured hippocampus and amygdala volumes of twenty patients with antisocial personality disorder and those of healthy control subjects. We found that both sides of hippocampus and amygdala volumes of patients with antisocial personality disorder were statistically significantly reduced compared to those healthy control subjects, and observed statistically important correlations between the left and right and left hippocampus and left amygdala volumes, and age, some results on scale scores. Consequently, the present study suggest that hippocampus and amygdala volumes of patients with antisocial personality disorder had abnormally smaller than those of healthy control subjects, considering that these abnormalities might be associated with at least some clinical features of antisocial personality disorder. However, longitudinal studies are needed to assess causality of this relationship.
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Tonsila do Cerebelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipocampo/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/psicologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho do Órgão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Delusional disorder shares some clinical characteristics of OCD and hypochondriasis. Delusions compared to obsessions in the OCD and compared to bodily preoccupations in the hypochondriasis are more established beliefs. AIM: To measure pituitary volumes in patients with delusional disorder and hypothesized that volumes would be reduced in those patients by a mechanism that we could not account for before for patients with OCD and hypochondriasis. METHODS: Eighteen patients with delusional disorder and healthy controls were included into the study. Pituitary gland volumes were measured. RESULTS: When using independent t test, the mean total pituitary volume was 777.22±241.28 mm3 in healthy controls, while it was 532.11±125.65 mm3 in patients with delusional disorder. The differences in regard to pituitary gland volumes between patients with delusional disorder and healthy control subjects were statistically meaningful (p<0.01), as supported by ANCOVA, with the covariates of age, gender and total brain volumes as covariates. CONCLUSION: We determined that patients with delusional disorder had smaller pituitary volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects.
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Hipófise/patologia , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/patologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , Hipófise/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: In the present study, taking into consideration our previous studies showing an association on the neuroanatomy of OCD and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders (OCPD), we also decided to examine pineal gland volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and hypothesized that gland volumes would be found as altered in comparison with those of healthy subjects. METHODS: Sixteen patients with OCPD and eighteen healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared the volumes of pineal gland by using MRI between groups. RESULTS: As compared to healthy control subjects, patients with OCPD had statistically significant smaller pineal gland volumes by using independent sample t test (87.34⯱â¯19.72â¯mm3 for patients with OCPD vs. 108.62⯱â¯22.56â¯mm3, with a statistically significantly difference of pâ¯<â¯0.01.When controlling for gender distribution, age and whole brain volumes in the General Linear Model, we saw that patients with OCPD had still statistically significant smaller pineal volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects. CONCLUSION: Finally, the findings of the present study revealed that patients with OCPD had reduced pineal gland volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects, supporting the fact that OCPD might be included in the OCD spectrum disorders, since we have previously found same result in patients with OCPD.
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Transtorno da Personalidade Compulsiva/patologia , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/patologia , Glândula Pineal/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is currently thought to bear a close relationship with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and other compulsive disorders such as eating disorder and autistic spectrum disorder, as well as with the personality disorders, focusing on some important dimensions like phenomenology, heritability, environmental risk factors, comorbidity, course of illness, neurocognitive endophenotypes, and treatment response. In the present study, when we have taken into consideration the knowledge aforementioned, we aimed to examine OFC and thalamus volumes in patients with OCPD. METHODS: We comparatively measured orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and thalamus volumes of patients with OCPD and healthy control subjects. RESULTS: Patients with OCPD had considerably smaller left and right OFC volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects. We also found that thalamus volumes of patients were statistically significantly greater than those of healthy comparisons for both sides of region of interest. CONCLUSIONS: We consider that volumetric alterations determined in the present study may be involved in the pathophysiology of the OCPD, considering that OCPD might be related to OCD spectrum disorders neuroanatomically.
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Transtorno da Personalidade Compulsiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtorno da Personalidade Compulsiva/patologia , Lobo Frontal/patologia , Tálamo/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Lobo Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/patologia , Tálamo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Moving from the point that there might be an association between the neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, we decided to examine the volumes of hippocampus and amygdala of patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which was previously evaluated in OCD patients by us. METHODS: Volumes of the hippocampus, and amygdala were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and healthy control subjects. Manual tracing was used. RESULTS: We detected that the mean left and right sides of hippocampus and amygdala volumes of the patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder were smaller than those of the healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Consequently, our present results suggest that hippocampal and amygdalar structural abnormalities may be related to the neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. However, it is required novel studies with larger sample.
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Tonsila do Cerebelo/patologia , Transtorno da Personalidade Compulsiva/patologia , Hipocampo/patologia , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , MasculinoRESUMO
Objective: The beneficial effects of psychopharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the brain are not well understood. In a previous study, we found smaller pituitary volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of CBT on pituitary gland volume. Methods: A total of 81 patients with various anxiety disorders and the same number of healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging, and their pituitary gland volumes were compared at baseline. Pituitary gland volumes were also measured before and after CBT in the patient group. Results: OCD patients had smaller pituitary gland volumes at baseline than healthy controls (0.54±0.29 cm3 for OCD patients vs. 0.82±0.30 cm3 for healthy controls; p < 0.001). We found no significant changes in OCD patient pituitary gland volume after the 16-week treatment period, with mean pre- and post-treatment values of 0.54±0.29 cm3 and 0.56±0.32 cm3, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate an absence of post-CBT volumetric changes in the pituitary gland of OCD patients.