The utility of human fallopian tube mucosa as a novel source of multipotent stem cells for the treatment of autologous reproductive tract injury.

INTRODUCTION: Fallopian tube, which is normally discarded in surgical procedures, has proven to be a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with increasing evidence. However, fallopian tube mucosa, which can be acquired via non-invasive procedures, is a previously unknown source of MSCs. In the present study, we explored the existence of MSCs in the human fallopian tube mucosa and also compared multipotent stem cells derived from fallopian tubes and fallopian tube mucosa according to their biological characteristics and therapeutic potential for treatment of autologous reproductive tract injury. METHODS: Cells isolated from human fallopian tubes and fallopian tube mucosa were expanded and characterised by flow cytometry. The proliferative capacity of both cell types was measured by performing colony-forming unit-fibroblast and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. Both cell types underwent in vitro adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation. The expression of osteocyte-, adipocyte-, and chondrocyte-related genes in the differentiated cell lineages was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The secretion of growth factors and immunomodulatory cytokines by both cell types were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: We found that MSCs existed in the fallopian tube mucosa. The comparison between human fallopian tube MSCs (hFTMSCs) and human fallopian tube mucosa MSCs (hFMMSCs) showed that hFTMSCs had a stronger proliferative capacity and shorter duplication time than hFMMSCs. Both cell types could be differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, or chondrocytes in vitro. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that hFTMSCs displayed increased expression of osteogenic-specific genes compared with hFMMSCs, but the two types of cells showed no significant increase in the mRNA expression of adipogenic-specific or chondrogenic-specific genes. hFMMSCs and hFTMSCs robustly produced a variety of growth factors and immunomodulatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: Human fallopian tube mucosa is a novel source of multipotent cells. hFMMSCs demonstrated stronger proliferative capacity and superior secretion of growth factors and immunomodulatory cytokines than hFTMSCs, making the former a better source of stem cells for the treatment of autologous reproductive tract injury. Compared with fallopian tube, fallopian tube mucosa has more wide-ranging applications and can be used to carry out autologous transplantation.

Conclusiveness of the Cochrane reviews in gynaecological cancer: A systematic analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the conclusiveness of Cochrane reviews in the field of gynaecological cancer. METHODS: The Cochrane Library was searched for reviews regarding gynaecological cancer published between 1 January 2000 and 1 November 2014. Data were extracted from each paper and the conclusiveness of each review was assessed. RESULTS: The study included 66 reviews, 41 (62.1%) of which were conclusive. Of these, 58 included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 37 (63.8%) of which were conclusive. Conclusive reviews of RCTs included significantly more patients than inconclusive reviews, but there was no difference in the number of included studies. Of the eight reviews of nonrandomized studies, four (50.0%) were conclusive. The majority of reviews recognized the need for additional studies. CONCLUSIONS: In the field of gynaecological cancer, reviews are more likely to be conclusive when they include RCTs, as well as large numbers of patients.

[Effects of GnRH-I analog on inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate (IP(3)) in gastric parietal cells of rats in vitro].

AIM: To study the effects of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I (GnRH-I) analog alarenin on inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate (IP(3)) in gastric parietal cells of rats in vitro. METHODS: The gastric parietal cells of rats were isolated and incubated in vitro and alarenlin at various concentration were added to the medium. IP(3) was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: When alarenlin were at the concentration of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 micromol/L respectively, IP(3) was increased gradually and acted in dose-dependent way. When alarenlin was at 1 mumol/L, IP(3) reached peak-value. Meanwhile, when 1 micromol/L alarelin were incubated at different time, IP(3) acted in time-dependent way. When it was incubated for 5 min, IP(3); reached the peak value. After the cells were preincubated with phospholipase c (PLC) inhibitor (compound 48/80) for 10 min, then added 1 micromol/L alarenlin, we found that IP(3) increased slightly, and there was no difference compared with the group PLC inhibitor, which only added PLC inhibitor (P>0.05). At the same time, after the cells were preincubated with IP(3) inhibitor (heparin), then added 1 micromol/L alarenlin, IP(3) also increased mildly, and there was no difference compared with the group IP(3) inhibitor, which only added IP(3) inhibitor (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that GnRH-I analog (alarenlin) could increase the content of IP(3) in gastric parietal cells of rats in vitro, and IP(3) may be an important signal molecule in the regulation of physiological function of gastric parietal cells of rats.